Mix Examples of Solutions Questions in English

Properties such as boiling point,freezing point,and vapour pressure of a pure solvent change when solute molecules are added to get a homogeneous solution. These are called colligative properties. Applications of colligative properties are very useful in day-to-day life. One of its examples is the use of an ethylene glycol and water mixture as an anti-freezing liquid in the radiator of automobiles.
$A$ solution $M$ is prepared by mixing ethanol and water. The mole fraction of ethanol in the mixture is $0.9$.
Given: Freezing point depression constant of water $(K_{f}^{\text{water}}) = 1.86 \ K \ kg \ mol^{-1}$
Freezing point depression constant of ethanol $(K_{f}^{\text{ethanol}}) = 2.0 \ K \ kg \ mol^{-1}$
Boiling point elevation constant of water $(K_{b}^{\text{water}}) = 0.52 \ K \ kg \ mol^{-1}$
Boiling point elevation constant of ethanol $(K_{b}^{\text{ethanol}}) = 1.2 \ K \ kg \ mol^{-1}$
Standard freezing point of water $= 273 \ K$
Standard freezing point of ethanol $= 155.7 \ K$
Standard boiling point of water $= 373 \ K$
Standard boiling point of ethanol $= 351.5 \ K$
Vapour pressure of pure water $= 32.8 \ mm \ Hg$
Vapour pressure of pure ethanol $= 40 \ mm \ Hg$
Molecular weight of water $= 18 \ g \ mol^{-1}$
Molecular weight of ethanol $= 46 \ g \ mol^{-1}$
In answering the following questions,consider the solutions to be ideal dilute solutions and solutes to be non-volatile and non-dissociative.
$1.$ The freezing point of the solution $M$ is
$(A) \ 268.7 \ K \ (B) \ 268.5 \ K$
$(C) \ 234.2 \ K \ (D) \ 150.9 \ K$
$2.$ The vapour pressure of the solution $M$ is
$(A) \ 39.3 \ mm \ Hg \ (B) \ 36.0 \ mm \ Hg$
$(C) \ 29.5 \ mm \ Hg \ (D) \ 28.8 \ mm \ Hg$
$3.$ Water is added to the solution $M$ such that the mole fraction of water in the solution becomes $0.9$. The boiling point of this solution is
$(A) \ 380.4 \ K \ (B) \ 376.2 \ K$
$(C) \ 375.5 \ K \ (D) \ 354.7 \ K$
Give the answer for questions $1, 2$ and $3.$

For a solution formed by mixing liquids $L$ and $M$,the vapour pressure of $L$ plotted against the mole fraction of $M$ in solution is shown in the following figure. Here $x_L$ and $x_M$ represent mole fractions of $L$ and $M$,respectively,in the solution. The correct statement$(s)$ applicable to this system is(are)
$A$. Attractive intermolecular interactions between $L-L$ in pure liquid $L$ and $M-M$ in pure liquid $M$ are stronger than those between $L-M$ when mixed in solution
$B$. The point $Z$ represents vapour pressure of pure liquid $M$ and Raoult's law is obeyed when $x_L \rightarrow 0$
$C$. The point $Z$ represents vapour pressure of pure liquid $L$ and Raoult's law is obeyed when $x_L \rightarrow 1$
$D$. The point $Z$ represents vapour pressure of pure liquid $M$ and Raoult's law is obeyed from $x_L=0$ to $x_L=1$

On dissolving $0.5 \ g$ of a non-volatile non-ionic solute to $39 \ g$ of benzene,its vapor pressure decreases from $650 \ mm \ Hg$ to $640 \ mm \ Hg$. The depression of freezing point of benzene (in $K$) upon addition of the solute is. . . . .
(Given data : Molar mass and the molal freezing point depression constant of benzene are $78 \ g \ mol^{-1}$ and $5.12 \ K \ kg \ mol^{-1}$,respectively)

The boiling point of water in a $0.1 \ m$ molal silver nitrate solution (solution $A$) is $x \ ^{\circ}C$. To this solution $A$,an equal volume of $0.1 \ m$ molal aqueous barium chloride solution is added to make a new solution $B$. The difference in the boiling points of water in the two solutions $A$ and $B$ is $y \times 10^{-2} \ ^{\circ}C$. (Assume: Densities of the solutions $A$ and $B$ are the same as that of water and the soluble salts dissociate completely. Use: Molal elevation constant,$K_b = 0.5 \ K \ kg \ mol^{-1}$; Boiling point of pure water as $100 \ ^{\circ}C$.) $(1)$ The value of $x$ is $(2)$ The value of $|y|$ is

For a dilute solution containing $2.5 \ g$ of a non-volatile non-electrolyte solute in $100 \ g$ of water,the elevation in boiling point at $1 \ atm$ pressure is $2^{\circ} C$. Assuming the concentration of solute is much lower than the concentration of solvent,the vapour pressure ($mm$ of $Hg$) of the solution is (take $K_{b}=0.76 \ K \ kg \ mol^{-1}$)

Benzene and naphthalene form an ideal solution at room temperature. For this process,the true statement$(s)$ is (are)
$(A)$ $\Delta G$ is positive
$(B)$ $\Delta S_{\text{system}}$ is positive
$(C)$ $\Delta S_{\text{surroundings}} = 0$
$(D)$ $\Delta H = 0$

$1.24 \ g$ of $AX_2$ (molar mass $124 \ g \ mol^{-1}$) is dissolved in $1 \ kg$ of water to form a solution with a boiling point of $100.0156^{\circ} C$,while $25.4 \ g$ of $AY_2$ (molar mass $250 \ g \ mol^{-1}$) in $2 \ kg$ of water constitutes a solution with a boiling point of $100.0260^{\circ} C$. $K_{b}(H_2O) = 0.52 \ K \ kg \ mol^{-1}$. Which of the following is correct?

When $1 \ g$ each of compounds $AB$ and $AB_2$ are dissolved in $15 \ g$ of water separately,they increase the boiling point of water by $2.7 \ K$ and $1.5 \ K$ respectively. The atomic mass of $A$ (in $amu$) is $........ \times 10^{-1}$ (Nearest integer). (Given: Molal boiling point elevation constant $K_b = 0.5 \ K \ kg \ mol^{-1}$)

$2 \ \text{moles}$ each of ethylene glycol and glucose are dissolved in $500 \ \text{g}$ of water. The boiling point of the resulting solution is $:$ (Given $:$ Ebullioscopic constant of water $= 0.52 \ \text{K kg mol}^{-1}$) (in $\text{K}$)

Match List-$I$ with List-$II$

List-$I$	List-$II$
$A$. Solution of chloroform and acetone	$I$. Minimum boiling azeotrope
$B$. Solution of ethanol and water	$II$. Dimerizes
$C$. Solution of benzene and toluene	$III$. Maximum boiling azeotrope
$D$. Solution of acetic acid in benzene	$IV$. $\Delta V_{mix}=0$

Choose the correct answer from the options given below $:$

$A$ liquid freezes at $7^{\circ} C$ and boils at $77^{\circ} C$. If $K_{f}$ and $K_{b}$ values for the liquid are $5.6$ and $2.5 \ ^{\circ} C \ kg \ mol^{-1}$ respectively,then the ratio of latent heat of vaporisation of the liquid to the latent heat of fusion is $:-$

Identify an example of a solution that consists of a solid as the solute and a liquid as the solvent.

What type of solution is iodine in air?

Identify the false statement from the following.

Identify the correct statement from the following properties.

An amalgam of mercury with sodium is an example of:

The osmotic pressure of a $0.5 \ M$ aqueous solution of $CH_3COOH$ having a $pH$ of $2$ at temperature $T$ is . . . . . . . (in $RT$)

In which solution,solute is liquid and solvent is gas?

In a mixture of camphor in nitrogen gas,the physical states of the solute and the solvent are,respectively:

After adding a non-volatile solute, the freezing point of water decreases to $-0.186^{\circ} C$. Calculate $\Delta T_b$ if $K_f = 1.86 \text{ K kg mol}^{-1}$ and $K_b = 0.521 \text{ K kg mol}^{-1}$. (in $\text{ K}$)

$1 \ g$ of silver gets distributed between $10 \ cm^3$ of molten zinc and $100 \ cm^3$ of molten lead at $800^{\circ} C$. The percentage of silver in the zinc layer is approximately

At $T \ K$,the vapour pressure of pure benzene $(C_6H_6)$ and toluene $(C_7H_8)$ are $75 \ mm \ Hg$ and $22 \ mm \ Hg$ respectively. $23.4 \ g$ of benzene and $64.4 \ g$ of toluene are mixed to form an ideal solution. If the vapours are in equilibrium with the liquid mixture,the mole fraction of toluene in the vapour phase is (Atomic weight: $C=12, H=1$).

Given below are two statements.
Statement-$I$: Liquids $A$ and $B$ form a non-ideal solution with negative deviation. The interactions between $A$ and $B$ are weaker than $A-A$ and $B-B$ interactions.
Statement-$II$: In reverse osmosis,the applied pressure must be higher than the osmotic pressure of solution.
The correct answer is

$A$ solution is formed by the combination of two liquids such as dichloromethane and chloroform. The partial pressures of dichloromethane and chloroform in the solution are $285.5 \ mm \ Hg$ and $62.4 \ mm \ Hg$ respectively. What is the total pressure of the solution (in $mm \ Hg$)?

At $300 \ K$,an ideal solution is formed by mixing $460 \ g$ of toluene with $390 \ g$ of benzene. If the vapour pressure of pure toluene and pure benzene at $300 \ K$ are $32 \ mm$ and $40 \ mm$ respectively,the mole fraction of toluene in the vapour phase is:

Match the following.

List-$I$	List-$II$
$(A)$ Azeotrope	$(I)$ $\Delta T_b = i K_b m$
$(B)$ Henry's law	$(II)$ $p = K_H x$
$(C)$ Cryoscopic constant	$(III)$ $\Delta T_f / m$
$(D)$ Van't Hoff factor	$(IV)$ Deviation from Raoult's law
	$(V)$ $\pi = CRT$

The correct answer is

$A$ solution of urea in water has a boiling point of $100.18^{\circ} C$. What is the freezing point of the same solution,if $K_{f}$ and $K_{b}$ of water are $1.86$ and $0.52 \ K \ kg \ mol^{-1}$,respectively (in $^{\circ} C$)? (Boiling point of water $= 100^{\circ} C$ )

$A$ non-volatile solute is dissolved in water. The $\Delta T_b$ of the resultant solution is $0.052 \ K$. What is the freezing point of the solution (in $K$)?
($K_b$ of water $= 0.52 \ K \ kg \ mol^{-1}$; $K_f$ of water $= 1.86 \ K \ kg \ mol^{-1}$,Freezing point of water $= 273 \ K$)

The elevation in the boiling point of an aqueous urea solution is $0.104 \ K$. What is its $\Delta T_{f}$ (in $K$) value? (Given for water: $K_{b} = 0.52 \ K \ kg \ mol^{-1}$,$K_{f} = 1.86 \ K \ kg \ mol^{-1}$)

Which of the following pairs of solutions is isotonic?
$A$. $18 \ g/L$ of glucose solution and $6 \ g/L$ of urea solution
$B$. $10 \ g/L$ of glucose solution and $10 \ g/L$ of urea solution
$C$. $0.01 \ M \ NaOH$ solution and $0.02 \ M$ glucose solution
$D$. $0.01 \ M \ NaCl$ solution and $0.01 \ M$ glucose solution
(Assume that $NaCl$ undergoes complete dissociation)

$A$ solution of urea (molar mass $60 \ g \ mol^{-1}$) boils at $100.20^{\circ}C$ at atmospheric pressure. If $K_{f}$ and $K_{b}$ for water are $1.86$ and $0.512 \ K \ kg \ mol^{-1}$ respectively,the freezing point of the solution will be:

$6 \ g$ of a mixture of naphthalene $(C_{10}H_8)$ and anthracene $(C_{14}H_{10})$ is dissolved in $300 \ g$ of benzene. If the depression in freezing point is $0.70 \ K$,the composition of naphthalene and anthracene in the mixture respectively in $g$ are (molal depression constant of benzene is $5.1 \ K \ kg \ mol^{-1}$)

$100 \ mL$ of $1.5\%(w/v)$ solution of urea has an osmotic pressure of $6.0 \ atm$ and $100 \ mL$ of $3.42\%(w/v)$ solution of cane sugar has an osmotic pressure of $2.4 \ atm$. If the two solutions are mixed,the osmotic pressure of the resulting solution in $atm$ is (Assume that there is no reaction between urea and cane sugar).

At $T(K)$,the vapour pressure of pure benzene (molar mass $= 78 \ g \ mol^{-1}$) is $0.85 \ bar$. When $2.0 \ g$ of a non-volatile,non-electrolyte solute is added to $39 \ g$ of benzene,the vapour pressure of the solution at $T(K)$ is $0.83 \ bar$. The elevation in boiling point (in $K$) of the same solution is: ($K_b$ of benzene is $2.6 \ K \ kg \ mol^{-1}$)

The vapour pressure of a non-ideal two-component solution is given below. Identify the correct $B.P.-x$ curve for the same mixture.

Match the following.

$A$. Ebullioscopic constant	$I$. Depression of freezing point
$B$. Cryoscopic constant	$II$. Total pressure is the sum of partial pressures of the components
$C$. Henry's law	$III$. Elevation of boiling point
$D$. Dalton's law	$IV$. Solubility of a gas in liquid

The correct match is

Distilled water boils at $373.15 \ K$ and freezes at $273.15 \ K$. $A$ solution of glucose in distilled water boils at $373.202 \ K$. What is the freezing point (in $K$) of the same solution? (For water,$K_{b}=0.52 \ K \ kg \ mol^{-1}, \ K_{f}=1.86 \ K \ kg \ mol^{-1}$)

An aqueous solution of a non-volatile solute boils at $100.17^{\circ} C$. The temperature at which this solution will freeze (in $^{\circ} C$) is
$K_{b}(H_2 O) = 0.512^{\circ} C \ kg \ mol^{-1}$,
$K_{f}(H_2 O) = 1.86^{\circ} C \ kg \ mol^{-1}$

On mixing urea,the boiling point of $H_{2}O$ changed to $100.5^{\circ}C$. Calculate the freezing point of the solution,if $K_{f}$ of water is $1.87 \ K \cdot kg \cdot mol^{-1}$ and $K_{b}$ of water is $0.52 \ K \cdot kg \cdot mol^{-1}$. (in $^{\circ}C$)

The $pH$ of a $0.1 \ M$ monobasic acid is $2$. Its osmotic pressure at a given temperature $T \ (K)$ is: (Given that the effective concentration for osmotic pressure is $(1+\alpha) \times$ concentration of acid,where $\alpha$ is the degree of dissociation)

The freezing point depression of $0.001 \ M$ of $A_x B_y[Fe(CN)_6]$ is $5.58 \times 10^{-3} \ K$. If the oxidation state of $Fe$ is $+2$ and $K_f = 1.86 \ K \ kg \ mol^{-1}$,then the total number of possibilities for different types of $A$ and $B$ cations are

The osmotic pressure of $0.1 \ M$ monobasic acid of $pH \ 3$ at $27^{\circ} C$ is (in $atm$)

The solubility product of a sparingly soluble $AB_2$ salt is $2.56 \times 10^{-4} \ M^3$ at $25^{\circ} C$. The $K_f$ of water is $1.8 \ K \ kg \ mol^{-1}$. The depression in freezing point of a saturated solution of $AB_2$ is (in $K$)

$P$ and $Q$ combine to form two compounds $PQ_2$ and $PQ_3$. If $1 \ g$ of $PQ_2$ is dissolved in $51 \ g$ of benzene,the depression of freezing point is $0.8^{\circ} C$. If $1 \ g$ of $PQ_3$ is dissolved in $51 \ g$ of benzene,the depression of freezing point is $0.625^{\circ} C$. Given $K_f$ of benzene $= 5.1 \ K \ kg \ mol^{-1}$,calculate the atomic masses of $P$ and $Q$.

Pick the correct statement.

Consider the following aqueous solutions.
$I$. $2.2 \ g$ Glucose in $125 \ mL$ of solution.
$II$. $1.9 \ g$ Calcium chloride in $250 \ mL$ of solution.
$III$. $9.0 \ g$ Urea in $500 \ mL$ of solution.
$IV$. $20.5 \ g$ Aluminium sulphate in $750 \ mL$ of solution.
The correct increasing order of boiling point of these solutions will be:
[Given: Molar mass in $g \ mol^{-1}$: $H=1, C=12, N=14, O=16, Cl=35.5, Ca=40, Al=27, S=32$]

At $T(K)$,$2$ moles of liquid $A$ and $3$ moles of liquid $B$ are mixed. The vapour pressure of the ideal solution formed is $320 \ mm \ Hg$. At this stage,one mole of $A$ and one mole of $B$ are added to the solution. The vapour pressure is now measured as $328.6 \ mm \ Hg$. The vapour pressures of pure $A$ and pure $B$ (in $mm \ Hg$) are respectively:

$W \ g$ of a non-volatile electrolyte solid solute of molar mass $M \ g \ mol^{-1}$ when dissolved in $100 \ mL$ water,decreases vapor pressure of water from $640 \ mm \ Hg$ to $600 \ mm \ Hg$. If aqueous solution of the electrolyte boils at $375 \ K$ and $K_b$ for water is $0.52 \ K \ kg \ mol^{-1}$,then the mole fraction of the electrolyte solute $(X_2)$ in the solution can be expressed as (Given density of water $= 1 \ g/mL$ and boiling point of water $= 373 \ K$):

$A$ substance '$X$' $(1.5 \ g)$ dissolved in $150 \ g$ of a solvent '$Y$' (molar mass $= 300 \ g \ mol^{-1}$) led to an elevation of the boiling point by $0.5 \ K$. The relative lowering in the vapour pressure of the solvent '$Y$' is . . . . . . $\times 10^{-2}$. (Nearest integer)
[Given : $K_{b}$ of the solvent $= 5.0 \ K \ kg \ mol^{-1}$]
Assume the solution to be dilute and no association or dissociation of $X$ takes place in solution.

Which of the following statements are not correct?
$A$. For water,magnitude of $K_b$ is more than the magnitude of $K_f$.
$B$. The elevation in boiling point of water when a non-volatile solute is added to it is larger in magnitude than its depression in freezing point.
$C$. Osmotic pressure measurement is preferred over any other colligative property to determine molar mass of proteins and polymers.
$D$. The dimerised form of benzoic acid in benzene is $C_6H_5 - C(=O) - OH \cdots O = C(OH) - C_6H_5$. Choose the correct answer from the options given below: