IIT JEE 2016 Physics Question Paper with Answer and Solution

$A$ uniform wooden stick of mass $1.6 \,kg$ and length $l$ rests in an inclined manner on a smooth, vertical wall of height $h$ < $l$ such that a small portion of the stick extends beyond the wall. The reaction force of the wall on the stick is perpendicular to the stick. The stick makes an angle of $30^{\circ}$ with the wall and the bottom of the stick is on a rough floor. The reaction of the wall on the stick is equal in magnitude to the reaction of the floor on the stick. Find the ratio $h/l$ and the frictional force $f$ at the bottom of the stick. $(g=10 \,m \,s^{-2})$

$A$ water cooler of storage capacity $120$ litres can cool water at a constant rate of $P$ watts. In a closed circulation system (as shown schematically in the figure),the water from the cooler is used to cool an external device that generates constantly $3 \text{ kW}$ of heat (thermal load). The temperature of water fed into the device cannot exceed $30^{\circ}\text{C}$ and the entire stored $120$ litres of water is initially cooled to $10^{\circ}\text{C}$. The entire system is thermally insulated. The minimum value of $P$ (in watts) for which the device can be operated for $3$ hours is (Specific heat of water is $4.2 \text{ kJ kg}^{-1} \text{K}^{-1}$ and the density of water is $1000 \text{ kg m}^{-3}$)

Two loudspeakers $M$ and $N$ are located $20 \ m$ apart and emit sound at frequencies $118 \ Hz$ and $121 \ Hz$,respectively. $A$ car is initially at a point $P$,$1800 \ m$ away from the midpoint $Q$ of the line $MN$ and moves towards $Q$ constantly at $60 \ km/h$ along the perpendicular bisector of $MN$. It crosses $Q$ and eventually reaches a point $R$,$1800 \ m$ away from $Q$. Let $v(t)$ represent the beat frequency measured by a person sitting in the car at time $t$. Let $v_P, v_Q$ and $v_R$ be the beat frequencies measured at locations $P, Q$ and $R$,respectively. The speed of sound in air is $330 \ m/s$. Which of the following statement$(s)$ is(are) true regarding the sound heard by the person?
$(A)$ $v_P + v_R = 2v_Q$
$(B)$ The rate of change in beat frequency is maximum when the car passes through $Q$
$(C)$ The plot below represents schematically the variation of beat frequency with time (Left plot)
$(D)$ The plot below represents schematically the variation of beat frequency with time (Right plot)

$A$ length-scale $(l)$ depends on the permittivity $(\varepsilon)$ of a dielectric material,the Boltzmann constant $(k_B)$,the absolute temperature $(T)$,the number density $(n)$ of certain charged particles,and the charge $(q)$ carried by each of the particles. Which of the following expression$(s)$ for $l$ is(are) dimensionally correct?
$(A)$ $l=\sqrt{\left(\frac{n q^2}{\varepsilon k_B T}\right)}$
$(B)$ $l=\sqrt{\left(\frac{\varepsilon k_B T}{n q^2}\right)}$
$(C)$ $l=\sqrt{\left(\frac{q^2}{\varepsilon n^{2 / 3} k_B T}\right)}$
$(D)$ $l=\sqrt{\left(\frac{q^2}{\varepsilon n^{1 / 3} k_B T}\right)}$

The position vector $\vec{r}$ of a particle of mass $m$ is given by the following equation:
$\vec{r}(t) = \alpha t^3 \hat{i} + \beta t^2 \hat{j}$
where $\alpha = 10/3 \ m \ s^{-3}$,$\beta = 5 \ m \ s^{-2}$ and $m = 0.1 \ kg$. At $t = 1 \ s$,which of the following statement$(s)$ is(are) true about the particle?
$(A)$ The velocity $\vec{v}$ is given by $\vec{v} = (10 \hat{i} + 10 \hat{j}) \ m \ s^{-1}$
$(B)$ The angular momentum $\vec{L}$ with respect to the origin is given by $\vec{L} = -(5/3) \hat{k} \ N \ m \ s$
$(C)$ The force $\vec{F}$ is given by $\vec{F} = (2 \hat{i} + 1 \hat{j}) \ N$
$(D)$ The torque $\vec{\tau}$ with respect to the origin is given by $\vec{\tau} = -(20/3) \hat{k} \ N \ m$

$A$ metal is heated in a furnace where a sensor is kept above the metal surface to read the power radiated $(P)$ by the metal. The sensor has a scale that displays $\log_{2}(P / P_0)$,where $P_0$ is a constant. When the metal surface is at a temperature of $487^{\circ} C$,the sensor shows a value of $1$. Assume that the emissivity of the metallic surface remains constant. What is the value displayed by the sensor when the temperature of the metal surface is raised to $2767^{\circ} C$?

Consider two solid spheres $P$ and $Q$ each of density $8 \ g \ cm^{-3}$ and diameters $1 \ cm$ and $0.5 \ cm$,respectively. Sphere $P$ is dropped into a liquid of density $0.8 \ g \ cm^{-3}$ and viscosity $\eta = 3 \ \text{poiseuille}$. Sphere $Q$ is dropped into a liquid of density $1.6 \ g \ cm^{-3}$ and viscosity $\eta = 2 \ \text{poiseuille}$. The ratio of the terminal velocities of $P$ and $Q$ is:

One mole of an ideal gas at $300 \ K$ in thermal contact with surroundings expands isothermally from $1.0 \ L$ to $2.0 \ L$ against a constant external pressure of $3.0 \ atm$. In this process,the change in entropy of the surroundings $(\Delta S_{\text{surr}})$ in $J \ K^{-1}$ is $(1 \ L \ atm = 101.3 \ J)$.

$A$ gas is enclosed in a cylinder with a movable frictionless piston. Its initial thermodynamic state at pressure $P_i = 10^5 \text{ Pa}$ and volume $V_i = 10^{-3} \text{ m}^3$ changes to a final state at $P_f = (1/32) \times 10^5 \text{ Pa}$ and $V_f = 8 \times 10^{-3} \text{ m}^3$ in an adiabatic quasi-static process, such that $P^3 V^5 = \text{constant}$. Consider another thermodynamic process that brings the system from the same initial state to the same final state in two steps: an isobaric expansion at $P_i$, followed by an isochoric (isovolumetric) process at volume $V_f$. The amount of heat supplied to the system in the two-step process is approximately: (in $\text{ J}$)

The ends $Q$ and $R$ of two thin wires,$PQ$ and $RS$,are soldered (joined) together. Initially,each of the wires has a length of $1 \,m$ at $10^{\circ} C$. Now,the end $P$ is maintained at $10^{\circ} C$,while the end $S$ is heated and maintained at $400^{\circ} C$. The system is thermally insulated from its surroundings. If the thermal conductivity of wire $PQ$ is twice that of the wire $RS$ and the coefficient of linear thermal expansion of $PQ$ is $1.2 \times 10^{-5} \,K^{-1}$,the change in length of the wire $PQ$ is (in $\,mm$)

There are two Vernier calipers,both of which have $1 \ cm$ divided into $10$ equal divisions on the main scale. The Vernier scale of one of the calipers $(C_1)$ has $10$ equal divisions that correspond to $9$ main scale divisions. The Vernier scale of the other caliper $(C_2)$ has $10$ equal divisions that correspond to $11$ main scale divisions. The readings of the two calipers are shown in the figure. The measured values (in $cm$) by calipers $C_1$ and $C_2$,respectively,are

Two thin circular discs of mass $m$ and $4m$,having radii of $a$ and $2a$,respectively,are rigidly fixed by a massless,rigid rod of length $l=\sqrt{24}a$ through their centers. This assembly is laid on a firm and flat surface,and set rolling without slipping on the surface so that the angular speed about the axis of the rod is $\omega$. The angular momentum of the entire assembly about the point $O$ is $\vec{L}$ (see the figure). Which of the following statement$(s)$ is(are) true?
$(A)$ The center of mass of the assembly rotates about the $z$-axis with an angular speed of $\omega/5$
$(B)$ The magnitude of angular momentum of center of mass of the assembly about the point $O$ is $81ma^2\omega$
$(C)$ The magnitude of angular momentum of the assembly about its center of mass is $17ma^2\omega/2$
$(D)$ The magnitude of the $z$-component of $\vec{L}$ is $55ma^2\omega$

In an experiment to determine the acceleration due to gravity $g$,the formula used for the time period of a periodic motion is $T=2 \pi \sqrt{\frac{7(R-r)}{5 g}}$. The values of $R$ and $r$ are measured to be $(60 \pm 1) \text{ mm}$ and $(10 \pm 1) \text{ mm}$,respectively. In five successive measurements,the time period is found to be $0.52 \text{ s}, 0.56 \text{ s}, 0.57 \text{ s}, 0.54 \text{ s}$ and $0.59 \text{ s}$. The least count of the watch used for the measurement of time period is $0.01 \text{ s}$. Which of the following statement$(s)$ is(are) true?
$(A)$ The error in the measurement of $r$ is $10 \%$
$(B)$ The error in the measurement of $T$ is $3.57 \%$
$(C)$ The error in the measurement of $T$ is $2 \%$
$(D)$ The error in the determined value of $g$ is $11 \%$

$A$ block with mass $M$ is connected by a massless spring with stiffness constant $k$ to a rigid wall and moves without friction on a horizontal surface. The block oscillates with small amplitude $A$ about an equilibrium position $x_0$. Consider two cases: $(i)$ when the block is at $x_0$; and $(ii)$ when the block is at $x = x_0 + A$. In both cases, a particle with mass $m$ is placed on the mass $M$. Which of the following statements are correct?

$A$ frame of reference that is accelerated with respect to an inertial frame of reference is called a non-inertial frame of reference. $A$ coordinate system fixed on a circular disc rotating about a fixed axis with a constant angular velocity $\omega$ is an example of a non-inertial frame of reference. The relationship between the force $\vec{F}_{\text{rot}}$ experienced by a particle of mass $m$ moving on the rotating disc and the force $\vec{F}_{\text{in}}$ experienced by the particle in an inertial frame of reference is $\vec{F}_{\text{rot}} = \vec{F}_{\text{in}} + 2m(\vec{v}_{\text{rot}} \times \vec{\omega}) + m(\vec{\omega} \times \vec{r}) \times \vec{\omega}$,where $\vec{v}_{\text{rot}}$ is the velocity of the particle in the rotating frame of reference and $\vec{r}$ is the position vector of the particle with respect to the centre of the disc. Now consider a smooth slot along a diameter of a disc of radius $R$ rotating counter-clockwise with a constant angular speed $\omega$ about its vertical axis through its center. We assign a coordinate system with the origin at the center of the disc,the $x$-axis along the slot,the $y$-axis perpendicular to the slot and the $z$-axis along the rotation axis $(\vec{\omega} = \omega \hat{k})$. $A$ small block of mass $m$ is gently placed in the slot at $\vec{r} = (R/2) \hat{i}$ at $t = 0$ and is constrained to move only along the slot.
$(1)$ The distance $r$ of the block at time $t$ is:
$(A)$ $\frac{R}{4}(e^{\omega t} + e^{-\omega t})$
$(B)$ $\frac{R}{2} \cos \omega t$
$(C)$ $\frac{R}{4}(e^{2\omega t} + e^{-2\omega t})$
$(D)$ $\frac{R}{2} \cos 2\omega t$
$(2)$ The net reaction of the disc on the block is:
$(A)$ $\frac{1}{2} m \omega^2 R(e^{\omega t} - e^{-\omega t}) \hat{j} + mg \hat{k}$
$(B)$ $\frac{1}{2} m \omega^2 R(e^{\omega t} + e^{-\omega t}) \hat{j} + mg \hat{k}$
$(C)$ $-m \omega^2 R \cos \omega t \hat{j} - mg \hat{k}$
$(D)$ $m \omega^2 R \sin \omega t \hat{j} - mg \hat{k}$

In a historical experiment to determine Planck's constant, a metal surface was irradiated with light of different wavelengths. The emitted photoelectron energies were measured by applying a stopping potential. The relevant data for the wavelength $(\lambda)$ of incident light and the corresponding stopping potential $(V_0)$ are given below:

$\lambda (\mu m)$	$V_0$ (Volt)
$0.3$	$2.0$
$0.4$	$1.0$
$0.5$	$0.4$

Given that $c = 3 \times 10^8 \ m \ s^{-1}$ and $e = 1.6 \times 10^{-19} \ C$, Planck's constant (in units of $J \ s$) found from such an experiment is:

$A$ parallel beam of light is incident from air at an angle $\alpha$ on the side $PQ$ of a right-angled triangular prism of refractive index $n=\sqrt{2}$. Light undergoes total internal reflection in the prism at the face $PR$ when $\alpha$ has a minimum value of $45^{\circ}$. The angle $\theta$ of the prism is (in $^{\circ}$)

An infinite line charge of uniform electric charge density $\lambda$ lies along the axis of an electrically conducting infinite cylindrical shell of radius $R$. At time $t=0$,the space inside the cylinder is filled with a material of permittivity $\varepsilon$ and electrical conductivity $\sigma$. The electrical conduction in the material follows Ohm's law. Which one of the following graphs best describes the subsequent variation of the magnitude of current density $j(t)$ at any point in the material?

Highly excited states for hydrogen-like atoms (also called Rydberg states) with nuclear charge $Ze$ are defined by their principal quantum number $n$,where $n \gg 1$. Which of the following statement$(s)$ is(are) true?
$(A)$ Relative change in the radii of two consecutive orbitals does not depend on $Z$
$(B)$ Relative change in the radii of two consecutive orbitals varies as $1/n$
$(C)$ Relative change in the energy of two consecutive orbitals varies as $1/n^3$
$(D)$ Relative change in the angular momenta of two consecutive orbitals varies as $1/n$

An incandescent bulb has a thin filament of tungsten that is heated to high temperature by passing an electric current. The hot filament emits black-body radiation. The filament is observed to break up at random locations after a sufficiently long time of operation due to non-uniform evaporation of tungsten from the filament. If the bulb is powered at constant voltage, which of the following statement(s) is(are) true?
$(A)$ The temperature distribution over the filament is uniform
$(B)$ The resistance over small sections of the filament decreases with time
$(C)$ The filament emits more light at higher band of frequencies before it breaks up
$(D)$ The filament consumes less electrical power towards the end of the life of the bulb

$A$ plano-convex lens is made of a material of refractive index $n$. When a small object is placed $30 \ cm$ away in front of the curved surface of the lens,an image of double the size of the object is produced. Due to reflection from the curved surface of the lens,another faint image is observed at a distance of $10 \ cm$ away from the lens. Which of the following statement$(s)$ is(are) true?
$(A)$ The refractive index of the lens is $2.5$
$(B)$ The radius of curvature of the convex surface is $45 \ cm$
$(C)$ The faint image is erect and real
$(D)$ The focal length of the lens is $20 \ cm$

$A$ conducting loop in the shape of a right-angled isosceles triangle of height $10 \ cm$ is kept such that the $90^{\circ}$ vertex is very close to an infinitely long conducting wire (see the figure). The wire is electrically insulated from the loop. The hypotenuse of the triangle is parallel to the wire. The current in the triangular loop is in counterclockwise direction and increases at a constant rate of $10 \ As^{-1}$. Which of the following statement$(s)$ is(are) true?
$(A)$ The magnitude of induced emf in the wire is $\left(\frac{\mu_0}{\pi}\right) \ V$
$(B)$ If the loop is rotated at a constant angular speed about the wire,an additional emf of $\left(\frac{\mu_0}{\pi}\right) \ V$ is induced in the wire
$(C)$ The induced current in the wire is in the opposite direction to the current along the hypotenuse
$(D)$ There is a repulsive force between the wire and the loop

$A$ transparent slab of thickness $d$ has a refractive index $n(z)$ that increases with $z$. Here $z$ is the vertical distance inside the slab,measured from the top. The slab is placed between two media with uniform refractive indices $n_1$ and $n_2 (> n_1)$,as shown in the figure. $A$ ray of light is incident with angle $\theta_i$ from medium $1$ and emerges in medium $2$ with refraction angle $\theta_f$ with a lateral displacement $l$. Which of the following statement$(s)$ is(are) true?
$(A)$ $n_1 \sin \theta_i = n_2 \sin \theta_f$
$(B)$ $n_1 \sin \theta_i = (n_2 - n_1) \sin \theta_f$
$(C)$ $l$ is independent of $n_2$
$(D)$ $l$ is dependent on $n(z)$

The isotope ${}_{5}^{12}B$ having a mass $12.014 \text{ u}$ undergoes $\beta$-decay to ${}_{6}^{12}C$. ${}_{6}^{12}C$ has an excited state of the nucleus $({}_{6}^{12}C^*)$ at $4.041 \text{ MeV}$ above its ground state. If ${}_{5}^{12}B$ decays to ${}_{6}^{12}C^*$, the maximum kinetic energy of the $\beta$-particle in units of $\text{MeV}$ is ($1 \text{ u} = 931.5 \text{ MeV}/c^2$, where $c$ is the speed of light in vacuum).

$A$ hydrogen atom in its ground state is irradiated by light of wavelength $970 \mathring A$. Taking $hc/e = 1.237 \times 10^{-6} \text{ eV m}$ and the ground state energy of the hydrogen atom as $-13.6 \text{ eV}$,the number of lines present in the emission spectrum is

Two inductors $L_1$ (inductance $1 \text{ mH}$,internal resistance $3 \text{ } \Omega$) and $L_2$ (inductance $2 \text{ mH}$,internal resistance $4 \text{ } \Omega$),and a resistor $R$ (resistance $12 \text{ } \Omega$) are all connected in parallel across a $5 \text{ V}$ battery. The circuit is switched on at time $t=0$. The ratio of the maximum to the minimum current $(I_{\max} / I_{\min})$ drawn from the battery is:

$P$ is the probability of finding the $1s$ electron of a hydrogen atom in a spherical shell of infinitesimal thickness, $dr$, at a distance $r$ from the nucleus. The volume of this shell is $4\pi r^2 dr$. The qualitative sketch of the dependence of $P$ on $r$ is:

$A$ plot of the number of neutrons $(N)$ against the number of protons $(Z)$ for stable nuclei exhibits upward deviation from linearity for atomic number $Z > 20$. For an unstable nucleus having an $N/Z$ ratio less than $1$,the possible mode$(s)$ of decay is(are):
$(A)$ $\beta^{-}$-decay ($\beta$ emission)
$(B)$ Orbital or $K$-electron capture
$(C)$ Neutron emission
$(D)$ $\beta^{+}$-decay (positron emission)

The electrostatic energy of $Z$ protons uniformly distributed throughout a spherical nucleus of radius $R$ is given by $E = \frac{3}{5} \frac{Z(Z-1) e^2}{4 \pi \varepsilon_0 R}$. The measured masses of the neutron,${ }_1^1 H$,${ }_7^{15} N$,and ${ }_8^{15} O$ are $1.008665 \ u$,$1.007825 \ u$,$15.000109 \ u$,and $15.003065 \ u$,respectively. Given that the radii of both the ${ }_7^{15} N$ and ${ }_8^{15} O$ nuclei are the same,$1 \ u = 931.5 \ MeV/c^2$ ($c$ is the speed of light),and $e^2 / (4 \pi \varepsilon_0) = 1.44 \ MeV \ fm$. Assuming that the difference between the binding energies of ${ }_7^{15} N$ and ${ }_8^{15} O$ is purely due to the electrostatic energy,the radius of either of the nuclei is $(1 \ fm = 10^{-15} \ m)$: (in $fm$)

An accident in a nuclear laboratory resulted in the deposition of a certain amount of radioactive material with a half-life of $18$ days inside the laboratory. Tests revealed that the radiation level was $64$ times higher than the permissible level required for safe operation. What is the minimum number of days after which the laboratory can be considered safe for use?

$A$ small object is placed $50 \ cm$ to the left of a thin convex lens of focal length $30 \ cm$. $A$ convex spherical mirror of radius of curvature $100 \ cm$ is placed to the right of the lens at a distance of $50 \ cm$. The mirror is tilted such that the axis of the mirror is at an angle $\theta=30^{\circ}$ to the axis of the lens,as shown in the figure. If the origin of the coordinate system is taken to be at the centre of the lens,the coordinates (in $cm$) of the point $(x, y)$ at which the image is formed are

Light of wavelength $\lambda_{\text{ph}}$ falls on a cathode plate inside a vacuum tube as shown in the figure. The work function of the cathode surface is $\phi$ and the anode is a wire mesh of conducting material kept at a distance $d$ from the cathode. $A$ potential difference $V$ is maintained between the electrodes. If the minimum de Broglie wavelength of the electrons passing through the anode is $\lambda_e$,which of the following statement$(s)$ is(are) true?

Consider two identical galvanometers and two identical resistors with resistance $R$. If the internal resistance of the galvanometers is $R_G < R/2$,which of the following configurations yield the maximum voltage range and maximum current range?

In the circuit shown below,the key is pressed at time $t=0$. Which of the following statement$(s)$ is(are) true?
$(A)$ The voltmeter displays $-5 \ V$ as soon as the key is pressed,and displays $+5 \ V$ after a long time.
$(B)$ The voltmeter will display $0 \ V$ at time $t=\ln 2 \ s$.
$(C)$ The current in the ammeter becomes $1/e$ of the initial value after $1 \ s$.
$(D)$ The current in the ammeter becomes zero after a long time.

While conducting the Young's double slit experiment,a student replaced the two slits with a large opaque plate in the $x-y$ plane containing two small holes that act as two coherent point sources $(S_1, S_2)$ emitting light of wavelength $600 \ nm$. The student mistakenly placed the screen parallel to the $x-z$ plane (for $z>0$) at a distance $D=3 \ m$ from the mid-point of $S_1 S_2$,as shown schematically in the figure. The distance between the sources $d=0.6003 \ mm$. The origin $O$ is at the intersection of the screen and the line joining $S_1 S_2$. Which of the following is(are) true of the intensity pattern on the screen?
$(A)$ Straight bright and dark bands parallel to the $x$-axis
$(B)$ The region very close to the point $O$ will be dark
$(C)$ Hyperbolic bright and dark bands with foci symmetrically placed about $O$ in the $x$-direction
$(D)$ Semi circular bright and dark bands centered at point $O$

$A$ rigid wire loop of square shape having side of length $L$ and resistance $R$ is moving along the $x$-axis with a constant velocity $v_0$ in the plane of the paper. At $t=0$,the right edge of the loop enters a region of length $3L$ where there is a uniform magnetic field $B$ into the plane of the paper,as shown in the figure. For sufficiently large $v_0$,the loop eventually crosses the region. Let $x$ be the location of the right edge of the loop. Let $v(x)$,$I(x)$,and $F(x)$ represent the velocity of the loop,current in the loop,and force on the loop,respectively,as a function of $x$. Counter-clockwise current is taken as positive. Which of the following schematic plot$(s)$ is(are) correct? (Ignore gravity)

Consider an evacuated cylindrical chamber of height $h$ having rigid conducting plates at the ends and an insulating curved surface as shown in the figure. $A$ number of spherical balls made of a light weight and soft material and coated with a conducting material are placed on the bottom plate. The balls have a radius $r \ll h$. Now a high voltage source $(HV)$ is connected across the conducting plates such that the bottom plate is at $+V_0$ and the top plate at $-V_0$. Due to their conducting surface,the balls will get charged,will become equipotential with the plate and are repelled by it. The balls will eventually collide with the top plate,where the coefficient of restitution can be taken to be zero due to the soft nature of the material of the balls. The electric field in the chamber can be considered to be that of a parallel plate capacitor. Assume that there are no collisions between the balls and the interaction between them is negligible. (Ignore gravity)
$(1)$ Which one of the following statements is correct?
$(A)$ The balls will stick to the top plate and remain there
$(B)$ The balls will bounce back to the bottom plate carrying the same charge they went up with
$(C)$ The balls will bounce back to the bottom plate carrying the opposite charge they went up with
$(D)$ The balls will execute simple harmonic motion between the two plates
$(2)$ The average current in the steady state registered by the ammeter in the circuit will be
$(A)$ zero
$(B)$ proportional to the potential $V_0$
$(C)$ proportional to $V_0^{1/2}$
$(D)$ proportional to $V_0^2$