ChemistryQ101–106 of 149 questions
Page 3 of 3 · English
101
ChemistryMCQAIPMT · 2010
The permissible use of the technique amniocentesis is for
A
Detecting any genetic abnormality
B
Detecting sex of the unborn foetus
C
Artificial insemination
D
Transfer of embryo into the uterus of a surrogate mother
Solution
(A) Amniocentesis is a prenatal diagnostic technique that involves drawing amniotic fluid to test for chromosomal abnormalities and genetic disorders in the foetus.
While this technique can determine the sex of the foetus,its use for sex determination is legally banned in many countries,including India,to prevent female foeticide.
The permissible and ethical use of amniocentesis is strictly limited to the detection of genetic abnormalities,such as chromosomal disorders (e.g.,Down syndrome) or metabolic errors,to provide medical guidance.
Therefore,the correct permissible use is detecting any genetic abnormality.
While this technique can determine the sex of the foetus,its use for sex determination is legally banned in many countries,including India,to prevent female foeticide.
The permissible and ethical use of amniocentesis is strictly limited to the detection of genetic abnormalities,such as chromosomal disorders (e.g.,Down syndrome) or metabolic errors,to provide medical guidance.
Therefore,the correct permissible use is detecting any genetic abnormality.
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102
ChemistryMCQAIPMT · 2010
Select the two correct statements out of the four $(i-iv)$ given below about the lac operon.
$i.$ Glucose or galactose may bind with the repressor and inactivate it.
$ii.$ In the absence of lactose,the repressor binds with the operator region.
$iii.$ The $z$-gene codes for permease.
$iv.$ This was elucidated by Francois Jacob and Jacques Monod.
$i.$ Glucose or galactose may bind with the repressor and inactivate it.
$ii.$ In the absence of lactose,the repressor binds with the operator region.
$iii.$ The $z$-gene codes for permease.
$iv.$ This was elucidated by Francois Jacob and Jacques Monod.
A
$(ii) \text{ and } (iv)$
B
$(i) \text{ and } (iii)$
C
$(ii) \text{ and } (iii)$
D
$(i) \text{ and } (ii)$
Solution
(C) The lac operon model was proposed by Francois Jacob and Jacques Monod in $E. coli$.
Statement $(i)$ is incorrect because lactose (the inducer),not glucose or galactose,binds to the repressor to inactivate it.
Statement $(ii)$ is correct. In the absence of the inducer (lactose),the repressor protein binds to the operator region,preventing transcription.
Statement $(iii)$ is incorrect. The $z$-gene codes for $\beta$-galactosidase,while the $y$-gene codes for permease.
Statement $(iv)$ is correct. The operon concept was indeed elucidated by Jacob and Monod.
Therefore,statements $(ii)$ and $(iv)$ are correct.
Statement $(i)$ is incorrect because lactose (the inducer),not glucose or galactose,binds to the repressor to inactivate it.
Statement $(ii)$ is correct. In the absence of the inducer (lactose),the repressor protein binds to the operator region,preventing transcription.
Statement $(iii)$ is incorrect. The $z$-gene codes for $\beta$-galactosidase,while the $y$-gene codes for permease.
Statement $(iv)$ is correct. The operon concept was indeed elucidated by Jacob and Monod.
Therefore,statements $(ii)$ and $(iv)$ are correct.
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103
ChemistryMCQAIPMT · 2010
Widal test is used for the diagnosis of
A
Malaria
B
Pneumonia
C
Tuberculosis
D
Typhoid
Solution
(D) The $Widal$ test is a serological test used for the diagnosis of typhoid fever. It detects the presence of antibodies against the $Salmonella$ $typhi$ bacteria in the patient's serum. It is a bacterial agglutination test,originally introduced by $Georges$ $Fernand$ $Widal$.
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104
ChemistryMCQAIPMT · 2010
Which one of the following is not used in organic farming?
A
Snail
B
Glomus
C
Earthworms
D
Oscillatoria
Solution
(A) $Glomus$ (fungi),earthworms,and $Oscillatoria$ are used in organic farming.
$(i)$ $Glomus$ acts as a mycorrhiza,absorbing phosphorus from the soil and transferring it to the plant.
$(ii)$ Vermiculture,involving earthworms,is recognized as one of the best ways to restore soil health and fertility.
$(iii)$ $Oscillatoria$ is a cyanobacterium that fixes atmospheric nitrogen,thereby increasing the organic matter and nutrient content of the soil.
$(iv)$ Snails are not used as biofertilizers in organic farming; in fact,they are often considered pests in agricultural fields.
$(i)$ $Glomus$ acts as a mycorrhiza,absorbing phosphorus from the soil and transferring it to the plant.
$(ii)$ Vermiculture,involving earthworms,is recognized as one of the best ways to restore soil health and fertility.
$(iii)$ $Oscillatoria$ is a cyanobacterium that fixes atmospheric nitrogen,thereby increasing the organic matter and nutrient content of the soil.
$(iv)$ Snails are not used as biofertilizers in organic farming; in fact,they are often considered pests in agricultural fields.
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105
ChemistryMCQAIPMT · 2010
Select the correct statement from the ones given below:
A
Barbiturates when given to criminals make them tell the truth
B
Morphine is often given to persons,who have undergone surgery as a pain killer
C
Chewing tobacco lowers blood pressure and heart rate
D
Cocaine is given to patients after surgery as it stimulates recovery
Solution
(B) Morphine is a potent opioid analgesic derived from the poppy plant. In clinical settings,it is widely used as a painkiller for patients who have undergone surgery due to its strong analgesic properties. Barbiturates are sedatives,not 'truth serums'. Tobacco contains nicotine,which increases blood pressure and heart rate. Cocaine is a stimulant that is highly addictive and not used for post-surgical recovery.
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106
ChemistryMCQAIPMT · 2010
$A$ renewable exhaustible natural resource is
A
Coal
B
Petroleum
C
Minerals
D
Forest
Solution
(D) Forest is a renewable,exhaustible natural resource.
Renewable resources are living,able to reproduce or replace themselves,and to increase.
The renewable resources get replenished,recycled,or reproduced,and they are not used beyond their renewability.
Exhaustible resources are natural resources with a finite stock or supply; they are vulnerable to both qualitative and quantitative degradation.
Renewable resources are living,able to reproduce or replace themselves,and to increase.
The renewable resources get replenished,recycled,or reproduced,and they are not used beyond their renewability.
Exhaustible resources are natural resources with a finite stock or supply; they are vulnerable to both qualitative and quantitative degradation.
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