Find out the following in the electric circuit given in Figure.

$(a)$ Effective resistance of two $8\,\Omega $ resistors in the combination

$(b) $ Current flowing through $4\,\Omega $ resistor

$(c)$ Potential difference across $4\,\Omega $ resistance

$(d)$ Power dissipated in $4\,\Omega $ resistor

$(e)$ Difference in ammeter readings, if any.

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$(a)$ $4\, \Omega .$ 

$R=R_{1} R_{2} /\left(R_{1}+R_{2}\right)=\left(\frac{8 \times 8}{8+8}\right)=4\, \Omega$

$(b)$ $1\, A$.

$I=V / R=8 /(4)+\left(\frac{8 \times 8}{8+8}\right)=8 / 8=1\, A$

$(c)$ $4 \,V .$ 

$V=I R=14=4 \,V$

$(d) $ $4 \,W$. 

$P=P R=1^{2} \quad 4=4\, W$

$(e)$ No difference.

Same current flows through each element in a series circuit.

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