Drugs and Medicines Questions in English

(D) An artificial sweetening agent is a food additive that provides a sweet taste like that of sugar but with significantly less food energy.
Among the given options,$Alitame$ is an artificial sweetening agent.
It is approximately $2000$ times sweeter than cane sugar.
Its chemical structure is represented as follows:
$HOOC-CH_2-CH(NH_2)-CONH-CH(CH_3)-CONH-C(CH_3)_2-CH_2-S-C(CH_3)_2$ (or as shown in the provided image).

(A) $1$. Bithionol: It contains two $-OH$ groups attached to the two benzene rings.
$2$. Terpineol: It contains one $-OH$ group in its structure.
$3$. Chloroxylenol: It contains one $-OH$ group attached to the benzene ring.
Therefore,the number of $-OH$ groups in bithionol,terpineol,and chloroxylenol is $2, 1, 1$ respectively.

(C) An agonist is a chemical substance that binds to a receptor and activates it to produce a biological response. \\ It mimics the action of natural chemical messengers by binding to the same receptor sites.

(B) Paracetamol is chemically known as $4$-acetamidophenol or $N-(4$-hydroxyphenyl$)$ethanamide.
It consists of a benzene ring substituted with a hydroxyl group $(-OH)$ at the $1$-position and an acetamido group $(-NHCOCH_3)$ at the $4$-position.
Therefore,the correct structure is represented by option $B$.

(C) Paracetamol is a widely used analgesic and antipyretic drug.
Its chemical structure consists of a benzene ring substituted with a hydroxyl group $(-OH)$ at the $p$-position relative to an acetamido group $(-NHCOCH_3)$.
Therefore,its $IUPAC$ name is $N$-($4$-hydroxyphenyl)acetamide,commonly referred to as $N$-acetyl $p$-aminophenol.

(A) Aspirin is chemically known as $2$-acetoxybenzoic acid or acetylsalicylic acid.
It is prepared by the acetylation of salicylic acid with acetic anhydride.
The structure consists of a benzene ring with a carboxylic acid group $(-COOH)$ and an acetoxy group $(-OCOCH_3)$ at the ortho position.