Which devices are used for the measurement of lengths of different orders?

The diameter of a sphere is measured using a vernier caliper whose $9$ divisions of the main scale are equal to $10$ divisions of the vernier scale. The shortest division on the main scale is equal to $1 \,mm$. The main scale reading is $2 \,cm$ and the second division of the vernier scale coincides with a division on the main scale. If the mass of the sphere is $8.635 \,g$, the density of the sphere is:

Diameter of a steel ball is measured using a Vernier callipers which has divisions of $0.1\,cm$ on its main scale $(MS)$ and $10$ divisions of its vernier scale $(VS)$ match $9$ divisions on the main scale. Three such measurements for a ball are given as:

$S$.No.	$MS\;(cm)$	$VS$ divisions
$(1)$	$0.5$	$8$
$(2)$	$0.5$	$4$
$(3)$	$0.5$	$6$

If the zero error is $-0.03\,cm,$ then the mean corrected diameter is ........... $cm$.

$A$ screw gauge has $50$ divisions on its circular scale. The circular scale is $4$ units ahead of the pitch scale marking,prior to use. Upon one complete rotation of the circular scale,a displacement of $0.5\, mm$ is noticed on the pitch scale. The nature of zero error involved,and the least count of the screw gauge,are respectively

In a vernier callipers,$(N+1)$ divisions of vernier scale coincide with $N$ divisions of main scale. If $1 \text{ MSD}$ represents $0.1 \text{ mm}$,the vernier constant (in $\text{cm}$) is:

$N$ divisions on the main scale of a vernier calliper coincide with $(N + 1)$ divisions of the vernier scale. If each division of the main scale is $a$ units,then the least count of the instrument is: