The value of electric permittivity of free space is

State Coulomb's law and explain its scalar form.

Two identical conducting spheres $A$ and $B$ having charges $+q$ and $-q$ respectively are kept at a distance $d$ apart and experience a Coulombian force $F$ between them. If $50\%$ of the charge is transferred from sphere $B$ to $A$,then the new Coulombian force between them is . . . . . . .

The ratio of electrostatic and gravitational forces acting between an electron and a proton separated by a distance $5 \times 10^{-11} \, m$ will be (Charge on electron $= 1.6 \times 10^{-19} \, C$,mass of electron $= 9.1 \times 10^{-31} \, kg$,mass of proton $= 1.6 \times 10^{-27} \, kg$,$G = 6.7 \times 10^{-11} \, N m^2/kg^2$).

Two point charges $+9e$ and $+e$ are placed at a distance of $16\, cm$ from each other. Where should a third charge $q$ be placed between them so that the system remains in equilibrium?

Two identical simple pendulums each of length $L = 5 \, cm$ are suspended from the same support. When the bobs are given an equal charge of $q = 2 \, \mu C$ each, the distance between the bobs becomes $d = 6 \, cm$. Find the mass $m$ of each bob. (Take $g = 10 \, m/s^2$ and $k = 9 \times 10^9 \, N \cdot m^2/C^2$). (in $ \, kg$)