Vacuoles and Microbodies Questions in English

(C) The $Vacuole$ is a membrane-bound space found in the cytoplasm. It contains water,sap,excretory products,and other materials not useful for the cell. The interior of the vacuole is considered non-cytoplasmic because it is separated from the cytoplasm by the tonoplast membrane and contains substances distinct from the cytoplasmic matrix.

(C) The $Tonoplast$ is the single membrane that surrounds the vacuole in plant cells.
It is responsible for maintaining the concentration gradient of ions and other materials between the cytoplasm and the vacuole.
Therefore,the $Tonoplast$ is the vacuolar membrane.

(B) The given figure illustrates the process of phagocytosis in an amoeba.
In this process,the cell membrane engulfs food particles to form a vesicle known as a food vacuole.
Label $P$ points to the vesicle formed after the ingestion of food particles,which is a food vacuole.
Lysosomes then fuse with this food vacuole to digest the contents.

(D) Microbodies are small,membrane-bound organelles found in eukaryotic cells.
They are minute,vesicle-like structures.
They contain various types of enzymes,such as oxidases and catalases,which are involved in metabolic processes like photorespiration and the breakdown of fatty acids.
Therefore,all the given options are correct.

(B) is the correct answer.
Vacuoles are membrane-bound spaces found in the cytoplasm of plant and animal cells.
They contain water,sap,excretory products,and other materials not useful for the cell.
The membrane surrounding the vacuole is called the tonoplast.