The figure shows a transparent slab of length $1 \, m$ placed in air,whose refractive index in the $x$-direction varies as $\mu = 1 + x^2$ for $0 \leq x \leq 1$. The optical path length of ray $R$ will be:

Three immiscible transparent liquids with refractive indices $3/2, 4/3$ and $6/5$ are arranged one above the other in a container. The depths of the liquids are $3 \text{ cm}, 4 \text{ cm}$ and $6 \text{ cm}$ respectively. The apparent depth of the vessel is (in $\text{ cm}$)

Mention the relation between the real depth and the apparent depth in terms of the refractive indices of the media.

$A$ ray of light travelling through a rarer medium is incident at a very small angle $i$ on a glass slab,and after refraction,its velocity is reduced by $20 \%$. The angle of deviation is

$A$ microscope is focused on a mark on a piece of paper and then a slab of glass of thickness $3\, cm$ and refractive index $1.5$ is placed over the mark. How should the microscope be moved to get the mark in focus again?

Time taken by the sunlight to pass through a slab of $4 \ cm$ and refractive index $1.5$ is . . . . . . $s$.