The diameter of a cylinder is measured using a vernier callipers with no zero error. It is found that the zero of the vernier scale lies between $5.10 \ cm$ and $5.15 \ cm$ of the main scale. The vernier scale has $50$ divisions equivalent to $2.45 \ cm$. The $24^{\text{th}}$ division of the vernier scale exactly coincides with one of the main scale divisions. The diameter of the cylinder is: (in $cm$)

Answer the following:
$(a)$ You are given a thread and a metre scale. How will you estimate the diameter of the thread?
$(b)$ $A$ screw gauge has a pitch of $1.0\; mm$ and $200$ divisions on the circular scale. Do you think it is possible to increase the accuracy of the screw gauge arbitrarily by increasing the number of divisions on the circular scale?
$(c)$ The mean diameter of a thin brass rod is to be measured by vernier callipers. Why is a set of $100$ measurements of the diameter expected to yield a more reliable estimate than a set of $5$ measurements only?

$A$ plano-convex lens of unknown material and unknown focal length is given. With the help of a Spherometer,we can measure the,

In a screw gauge,when the circular scale is given five complete rotations,it moves linearly by $2.5 \text{ mm}$. If the circular scale has $100$ divisions,the least count of the screw gauge is . . . . . . $\text{mm}$.

Identify the physical quantity that cannot be measured using a spherometer:

When the gap is closed without placing any object in a screw gauge whose least count is $0.005 \ mm$,the $5^{th}$ division on its circular scale coincides with the reference line on the main scale. When a small sphere is placed,the reading on the main scale advances by $4$ divisions,whereas the circular scale reading advances by five times the corresponding reading when no object was placed. There are $200$ divisions on the circular scale. The radius of the sphere is .......... $mm$.