If the straight line $y = mx + c$ touches the circle ${x^2} + {y^2} - 2x - 4y + 3 = 0$ at the point $(2, 3)$, then $c =$

A pair of tangents are drawn to a unit circle with centre at the origin and these tangents intersect at A enclosing an angle of $60^o$. The area enclosed by these tangents and the arc of the circle is

The equation of the normal to the circle ${x^2} + {y^2} - 2x = 0$ parallel to the line $x + 2y = 3$ is

The area of the triangle formed by the tangents from the points $(h, k)$ to the circle ${x^2} + {y^2} = {a^2}$ and the line joining their points of contact is

Let the tangents at two points $A$ and $B$ on the circle $x ^{2}+ y ^{2}-4 x +3=0$ meet at origin $O (0,0)$. Then the area of the triangle of $OAB$ is.

The equation of the normal to the circle ${x^2} + {y^2} = 9$ at the point $\left( {\frac{1}{{\sqrt 2 }},\frac{1}{{\sqrt 2 }}} \right)$ is