An electric heater consumes $1.1 \,kW$ power when $220\, V$ voltage is applied to it. How much current will be flowing through it?

Tungsten is used almost exclusively for filaments of electric bulb. List two reasons.

$(a)$ Name an instrument that measures potential difference between two points in a circuit. Define the unit of potential difference in terms of SI unit of charge and work. Draw the circuit symbols for $(i)$ variable resistor, $(ii)$ a plug key which is closed one.

$(b)$ Two electric circuits $I$ and $II$ are shown below

$(i)$ Which of the two circuits has more resistance ?

$(ii)$ Through which circuit more current passes ?

$(iii)$ In which circuit, the potential difference across each resistor is equal ?

$(iv)$ If $R_{1}>R_{2}>R_{3}$, in which circuit more heat will be produced in $R_{1}$ as compared to other two resistors ?

Three resistors of $5\, \Omega, 10\, \Omega$ and $15\, \Omega$ are connected in series and the combination is connected to battery of $30\, V$. Ammeter and voltmeter are connected in the circuit. Draw a circuit diagram to connect all the devices in proper correct order. What is the current flowing and potential difference across $10\, \Omega$ resistance ?

How can we maintain a potential difference across a conductor ?

Find out the following in the electric circuit given in Figure.

$(a)$ Effective resistance of two $8\,\Omega $ resistors in the combination

$(b) $ Current flowing through $4\,\Omega $ resistor

$(c)$ Potential difference across $4\,\Omega $ resistance

$(d)$ Power dissipated in $4\,\Omega $ resistor

$(e)$ Difference in ammeter readings, if any.