$A$ sphere of mass $M$ and radius $R$ is attached by a light rod of length $l$ to a point $P$. The sphere rolls without slipping on a circular track as shown. It is released from the horizontal position. The angular momentum of the system about $P$ when the rod becomes vertical is:

$A$ thin rod of mass $M$ and length $a$ is free to rotate in a horizontal plane about a fixed vertical axis passing through point $O$. $A$ thin circular disc of mass $M$ and radius $a/4$ is pivoted on this rod with its center at a distance $a/4$ from the free end so that it can rotate freely about its vertical axis,as shown in the figure. Assume that both the rod and the disc have uniform density and they remain horizontal during the motion. An outside stationary observer finds the rod rotating with an angular velocity $\Omega$ and the disc rotating about its vertical axis with angular velocity $4\Omega$. The total angular momentum of the system about the point $O$ is $\left(\frac{Ma^2\Omega}{48}\right) n$. The value of $n$ is. . . . .

$A$ body with a moment of inertia of $3 \ kg \cdot m^2$ rotating with an angular speed of $2 \ rad/s$ has the same kinetic energy as a mass of $12 \ kg$ moving with a speed of ......... $m/s$.

Fill in the blanks:
$(1)$ If the velocity of the center of mass of a body is $v_{cm} = 0$ and the angular velocity is $\omega = 0$,the body is said to be in ............. equilibrium.
$(2)$ Angular momentum is generated in a body when a ............. acts on it.
$(3)$ If a barrel is filled half with water,its center of gravity will move ............. .
$(4)$ The point at which the entire mass of a body is assumed to be concentrated is called the ............. .

$A$ flywheel is used with an engine because it

The position vector $\vec{r}$ of a particle of mass $m$ is given by the following equation:
$\vec{r}(t) = \alpha t^3 \hat{i} + \beta t^2 \hat{j}$
where $\alpha = 10/3 \ m \ s^{-3}$,$\beta = 5 \ m \ s^{-2}$ and $m = 0.1 \ kg$. At $t = 1 \ s$,which of the following statement$(s)$ is(are) true about the particle?
$(A)$ The velocity $\vec{v}$ is given by $\vec{v} = (10 \hat{i} + 10 \hat{j}) \ m \ s^{-1}$
$(B)$ The angular momentum $\vec{L}$ with respect to the origin is given by $\vec{L} = -(5/3) \hat{k} \ N \ m \ s$
$(C)$ The force $\vec{F}$ is given by $\vec{F} = (2 \hat{i} + 1 \hat{j}) \ N$
$(D)$ The torque $\vec{\tau}$ with respect to the origin is given by $\vec{\tau} = -(20/3) \hat{k} \ N \ m$