Analogy Questions in English

(B) The relationship between the two terms is that the second term is a smaller version or a specific type of container compared to the first term. $A$ $Barrel$ is a large container,whereas a $Vial$ is a small container. Similarly,a $Book$ is a large collection of pages,while a $Pamphlet$ is a small,thin booklet. Therefore,the correct alternative is $Book : Pamphlet$.

(D) The given pair 'Choose : Discard' consists of two words that are antonyms (opposites) of each other.
$A$. Draw : Push (Not antonyms)
$B$. Love : Adore (Synonyms)
$C$. Walk : Run (Different intensities of movement)
$D$. Sit : Stand (Antonyms)
Therefore,'Sit : Stand' is the correct alternative.

(C) The relationship is that the first entity (Bird) uses the second entity (Wings) as a primary means for movement (flight). Similarly,a Car uses Wheels as a primary means for movement.

(B) The given relation is $Hope : Aspire$,where both words are synonyms,meaning to have a strong desire or ambition.
Checking the options:
$A) Fake : Ordinary$ (Not synonyms)
$B) Fib : Lie$ (Both words mean to tell an untruth,hence they are synonyms)
$C) Film : Flam$ (Not synonyms)
$D) Love : Elevate$ (Not synonyms)
Therefore,the correct alternative is $Fib : Lie$.

(B) The relationship is that the first entity is bounded or bordered by the second entity. $A$ sea is bordered by a shore. Similarly,a road is bordered by a footpath.

(A) The relationship between the given pair is that the first term causes the second term.
War leads to destruction.
Similarly,fire causes burning.
Therefore,the correct alternative is $A$.

(C) The given pair 'Propensity : Tendency' consists of synonyms,as both words refer to an inclination or a natural leaning towards something.
Evaluating the options:
$A$. 'Prologue : Epilogue' are antonyms (beginning vs. end).
$B$. 'Master : Slave' represents a relationship of authority/oppression,not synonyms.
$C$. 'Audacity : Impudence' are synonyms,as both words denote a lack of respect or bold,rude behavior.
$D$. 'Conduct : Immorality' does not represent a synonym relationship.
Therefore,the correct alternative is 'Audacity : Impudence'.

(D) The relationship between the given words $Capricious$ and $Reliability$ is that they are antonyms. $A$ person who is $Capricious$ (impulsive or unpredictable) lacks $Reliability$.
Looking at the options:
$A$. $Arbitrary$ and $Whimsical$ are synonyms.
$B$. $Unreliable$ and $Inhuman$ do not share this specific antonymous relationship.
$C$. $Tenacious$ (persistent) and $Practicality$ are not direct antonyms.
$D$. $Extemporaneous$ (done without preparation) and $Predictability$ are antonyms,as something done extemporaneously is generally not predictable. Therefore,$D$ is the correct choice.

(C) The given pair 'Accident : Mishap' consists of two words that are synonyms,meaning they have the same or similar meanings.
Evaluating the options:
$A$. 'Eminent' (famous) and 'Notorious' (famous for bad reasons) are antonyms.
$B$. 'Pacify' (to calm) and 'Provoke' (to incite) are antonyms.
$C$. 'Abrupt' and 'Sudden' are synonyms,as both describe something happening quickly and unexpectedly.
$D$. 'Dearth' (scarcity) and 'Plenty' (abundance) are antonyms.
Therefore,the correct alternative is 'Abrupt : Sudden'.

(D) The relation given is $Dawn : Morning$. Dawn is the early part of the morning,meaning the first term is followed by the second term in a sequential or developmental order.
Looking at the options:
$A) Morning : Evening$ (These are two different times of the day,not a sequence of the same phase).
$B) Sun : Rain$ (These are unrelated weather phenomena).
$C) Lamp : Light$ (This is a cause-and-effect relationship).
$D) Autumn : Winter$ (Autumn is the season that immediately precedes Winter,representing a sequential order similar to Dawn and Morning).
Therefore,the correct alternative is $Autumn : Winter$.

(C) The relationship given is that the first item (Cream) belongs to the category of the second item (Cosmetics).
Analyzing the options:
$A$. Tiger : Forest (Tiger lives in a forest,which is a habitat relationship,not a category relationship).
$B$. Magazine : Editor (Editor edits a magazine,which is a worker-product relationship).
$C$. Teak : Wood (Teak belongs to the category of wood,which is a category relationship).
$D$. Mountain : Valley (These are geographical opposites).
Therefore,the correct alternative is $C$.

(A) The relationship between the given pair is that the first item (Necklace) is used for the purpose of the second item (Adornment).
Similarly,a Medal is used for the purpose of Decoration.
Therefore,the correct alternative is Medal : Decoration.

(D) The relationship between the words in the given pair is that they are antonyms of each other.
$Intimidate$ means to frighten someone,while $Wheedle$ means to coax or persuade someone through flattery.
Similarly,$Extol$ means to praise enthusiastically,and $Disparage$ means to regard or represent as being of little worth.
Therefore,$Extol : Disparage$ is the correct pair.

(C) filter is used to remove impurities or unwanted substances from water.
Similarly,a censor is used to remove objectionable or restricted content from a play.

(B) The relationship between 'Presumption' and 'Certainty' is that a presumption is an assumption or a belief based on incomplete evidence,whereas certainty is a state of being free from doubt or having complete proof.
Looking at the options:
$A$) Falsehood : Truth (Opposites,but not the same logical progression).
$B$) Hearsay : Authenticity (Hearsay is information received from others that cannot be substantiated,while authenticity is the quality of being genuine or proven).
$C$) Theorem : Proof ($A$ theorem is a statement that requires a proof to be established as a fact).
$D$) Hunch : Guess (These are synonyms).
The most appropriate analogy is $B$,as it mirrors the relationship of 'unverified belief' vs 'verified fact'.

(C) The relationship is that the second term is the punctuation mark used to end or define the first term.
$A$ $Question$ ends with a $Question Mark$.
Similarly,a $Sentence$ ends with a $Period$ (full stop).

(D) The relationship is defined as: The second term represents the primary effect produced by the first term upon consumption or application.
$1$. Liquor causes intoxication (Intoxicates).
$2$. Similarly,Morphine is a substance that causes sedation (Sedates).
Therefore,the correct option is $D$.

(D) The relation given is based on the source of energy and the type of energy produced. Coal is used as a fuel to generate thermal energy in thermal power plants.
Similarly,water is used as a source to generate hydel (hydroelectric) energy in hydroelectric power plants.
Therefore,the correct pair is Water : Hydel.

(B) The relationship is based on the dietary habits of organisms. Carnivores are animals that primarily eat flesh,while herbivores are animals that primarily eat plants. Therefore,the relation $Carnivore : Herbivore$ corresponds to $Flesh : Plant$.

(D) The relation is that the first term belongs to the category or class defined by the second term.
The $Equator$ is a type of $Latitude$ (specifically,the $0^{\circ}$ latitude).
Similarly,a $Pigeon$ is a type of $Bird$.

(C) Just as a calendar consists of dates in an organized way,a dictionary consists of words in an organized way.

(D) The primary function or duty of a court is to deliver justice.
Similarly,the primary function or duty of an auditor is to ensure accuracy in financial records and statements.

(A) $Diva$ (a famous female singer) performs a leading role in an $Opera$ (a dramatic work set to music).
Similarly,a $Thespian$ (an actor or actress) performs a leading role in a $Play$ (a dramatic performance).
Therefore,the correct relation is $Diva : Opera :: Thespian : Play$.

(B) The relationship between the words in the given pair 'Deplete : Enervate' is that they are synonyms,as both words imply a reduction in energy,strength,or resources.
$1$. 'Deplete' means to use up the supply or resources of something.
$2$. 'Enervate' means to cause someone to feel drained of energy or to weaken them.
Now,let's evaluate the options:
- $A$: 'Tighten : Loosen' are antonyms.
- $B$: 'Exhaust : Enfeeble' are synonyms,as both words relate to draining energy or strength.
- $C$: 'Invigorate : Tired' are antonyms.
- $D$: 'Strengthen : Weak' are antonyms.
Therefore,the correct alternative is 'Exhaust : Enfeeble'.

(C) Acoustic is the branch of science that deals with the study of sound.
Similarly,pathology is the branch of medicine that deals with the study of diseases.

(D) The relationship between the given pair is that the first term leads to or causes the second term.
$1$. $A$ $Threat$ leads to a feeling of $Insecurity$.
$2$. Similarly,a $Disease$ leads to the possibility of $Death$.
Therefore,the correct alternative is $Disease : Death$.

(D) The given relation 'Large : Enormous' represents a pair of synonyms where the second term is a more intense or extreme version of the first term.
Option $A$ (Big : Small) is an antonym pair.
Option $B$ (Plump : Fat) represents a similar intensity,but 'Regal' and 'Royal' are direct synonyms describing the same quality.
Option $C$ (Less : Greater) is an antonym pair.
Option $D$ (Regal : Royal) represents synonyms where both words describe the same status or quality,similar to the relationship between 'Large' and 'Enormous'.

(D) The relationship is that the first item is a product extracted or derived from the second item.
$Vaseline$ is a product derived from $Petrol$ (petroleum jelly).
Similarly,$Cream$ is a product derived from $Milk$.

(C) The given relation is based on the cause-and-effect principle,where the first term is the causative agent of the disease mentioned in the second term.
$Streptococci$ is the bacterium that causes the disease $Pneumonia$.
Similarly,a $Mosquito$ (specifically the female Anopheles) is the vector that transmits the parasite causing $Malaria$. Therefore,the relation $Mosquito : \text{Malaria}$ follows the same logic.

(B) The relationship given is that the first item is the raw material used to manufacture the second item.
Jute is the raw material used to make a sack.
Similarly,wool is the raw material used to make a sweater.
Therefore,the correct alternative is $B$.

(B) square is a two-dimensional shape,and a cube is its three-dimensional counterpart formed by six square faces.
Similarly,a circle is a two-dimensional shape,and a sphere is its three-dimensional counterpart.

(B) The relationship is defined as: The first term (Commander) performs the action described by the second term (Commands).
In option $B$,a Senator is a person who performs the action of legislating (Legislates).
Therefore,the relation $Commander : Commands$ is analogous to $Senator : Legislates$.

(A) The relationship given is $Editor : Magazine$. An editor is responsible for the content and final production of a magazine.
Similarly,a director is responsible for the creative vision and production of a film.
Therefore,the correct analogy is $Director : Film$.

(C) hermit is a person who lives in solitude.
Similarly,an ascetic is a person who practices self-denial as a way of life.
Therefore,the relationship between 'Ascetic' and 'Self-denial' is analogous to the relationship between 'Hermit' and 'Solitude'.

(D) $Script$ is the written text or instructions for a $Drama$.
Similarly,a $Score$ is the written musical notation or instructions for a $Symphony$.

(B) The relation given is $Steering : Car$. $A$ steering wheel is a control mechanism used to direct or guide the movement of a car.
Similarly,a paddle is a control mechanism used to direct or guide the movement of a canoe.
Therefore,the correct alternative is $Paddle : Canoe$.

(C) The given relation $Taj Mahal : Agra$ indicates that the first entity $(Taj Mahal)$ is a famous monument located in the second entity $(Agra)$.
Analyzing the options:
$A$) $Eiffel Tower : France$ (The $Eiffel Tower$ is located in $Paris$,$France$,but the relation is specific to a city).
$B$) $Algeria : Africa$ (This is a country-continent relation).
$C$) $Cotton : Ahmedabad$ (This is a product-city relation,where $Ahmedabad$ is known for its cotton textile industry,similar to the landmark-city relationship).
$D$) $Turkey : Asia$ (This is a country-continent relation).
Therefore,$C$ is the most appropriate alternative as it follows the pattern of a specific entity being associated with its location.

(C) The relationship given is based on the place of worship for a specific religion.
$Jews$ worship in a $Synagogue$.
Similarly,$Buddhists$ worship in a $Pagoda$.
Therefore,the correct alternative is $Buddhists : Pagoda$.

(D) The relationship is that the second word is another name for the first word.
$East$ is also known as $Orient$ (the direction of the rising sun).
Similarly,$West$ is known as $Occident$ (the direction of the setting sun).

(D) The relationship is that the first term is the action performed using the second term.
$A$ $Thrust$ is the action performed with a $Spear$.
Similarly,to $Fence$ (the sport of fencing) is the action performed with an $Epee$ (a type of sword used in fencing).
Therefore,the correct alternative is $Fence : Epee$.

(B) The relationship is that the first item reduces or eliminates the second item. $A$ fan reduces sweat. Similarly,fire produces smoke,rain eliminates drought,wind causes evaporation,and crop leads to harvest. Among these,the most direct functional relationship where the first item acts to remove or alleviate the second is 'Rain : Drought',as rain removes the condition of drought.

(C) The relationship given is that $Berries$ grow on a $Bush$.
Similarly,$Melon$ grows on a $Vine$.
Therefore,the correct alternative is $Melon : Vine$.

(A) Branches are the parts that spread out from a tree. Similarly,tributaries are the parts that spread out from a river.

(B) The relationship between the given pair 'Dislike : Repulsion' is that the first term leads to or results in the second term. Dislike is a feeling that results in repulsion.
Comparing this with the options:
$A$. Dream : Sleep (Sleep results in a dream,which is the reverse order).
$B$. Steal : Crime (Stealing is an act that results in a crime).
$C$. Reputation : Behaviour (Behaviour results in reputation).
$D$. Intelligence : Wit (Intelligence and wit are synonyms).
Therefore,the correct alternative is 'Steal : Crime'.

(C) The relationship given is that the first term is the result of the second term.
$A$ $Bruise$ is caused by a $Fall$.
Similarly,being $Tipsy$ is the result of consuming a $Drink$.
Therefore,the correct option is $C$.

(D) The relationship given is that a spider creates a web. Similarly,a poet creates poetry. Therefore,the correct alternative is $D$.

(B) The relationship is defined as: The first term represents a person who rebels against or abandons the second term.
An $Apostate$ is someone who abandons their $Religion$.
Similarly,a $Traitor$ is someone who betrays or rebels against their $Country$.
Therefore,the correct analogy is $Traitor : Country$.

(D) The given pair 'Incandescent : Glowing' consists of synonyms,where both words mean emitting light or shining.
Evaluating the options:
$A$. 'Flash : Flame' are related but not synonyms.
$B$. 'Tedious : Bore' are related as adjective and noun,not synonyms.
$C$. 'Boor : Oafish' are related as noun and adjective.
$D$. 'Indefatigable : Untiring' are synonyms,as both mean incapable of being fatigued or tireless.
Therefore,the correct alternative is $D$.

(D) The given relation is 'Relax : Work'.
Relax and Work are antonyms (opposites) of each other.
Similarly,'Fresh' and 'Stale' are antonyms of each other.
Therefore,the correct alternative is 'Fresh : Stale'.

(C) The relationship between the given pair $Fond : Doting$ is that the first term represents a moderate degree of a quality,while the second term represents an extreme or intense degree of the same quality.
$1$. $Fond$ means having an affection or liking for something.
$2$. $Doting$ means being extremely and uncritically fond of someone.
Evaluating the options:
- $Solicitous : Concern$: $Solicitous$ means showing interest or concern,which is similar to the meaning of $Concern$. This does not fit the intensity scale.
- $Verbose : Wordiness$: $Verbose$ means using more words than needed,which is synonymous with $Wordiness$.
- $Flurry : Blizzard$: $A$ $Flurry$ is a light or brief fall of snow,while a $Blizzard$ is a severe snowstorm. This follows the pattern of a less extreme state followed by a more extreme state.
- $Magnificent : Grandiose$: $Magnificent$ and $Grandiose$ are often used as synonyms for impressive or grand.
Therefore,the correct option is $C$.