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Vector or Cross product of two vectors and its applications Questions in English

Class 12 Mathematics · Vector Algebra · Vector or Cross product of two vectors and its applications

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251
EasyMCQ
The unit vector which is orthogonal to the vector $3 \hat{i}+2 \hat{j}+6 \hat{k}$ and coplanar with the vectors $2 \hat{i}+\hat{j}+\hat{k}$ and $\hat{i}+\hat{j}+\hat{k}$ is
A
$\frac{8 \hat{i}-3 \hat{j}+3 \hat{k}}{\sqrt{82}}$
B
$\frac{-8 \hat{i}-3 \hat{j}+3 \hat{k}}{\sqrt{82}}$
C
$\frac{-8 \hat{i}+3 \hat{j}+3 \hat{k}}{\sqrt{82}}$
D
$\frac{-8 \hat{i}-3 \hat{j}-3 \hat{k}}{\sqrt{82}}$

Solution

(C) Let the vector be $\vec{v} = a \hat{i} + b \hat{j} + c \hat{k}$.
Since $\vec{v}$ is coplanar with $\vec{a} = 2 \hat{i} + \hat{j} + \hat{k}$ and $\vec{b} = \hat{i} + \hat{j} + \hat{k}$,it must be of the form $\vec{v} = \lambda \vec{a} + \mu \vec{b} = (2\lambda + \mu) \hat{i} + (\lambda + \mu) \hat{j} + (\lambda + \mu) \hat{k}$.
Since $\vec{v}$ is orthogonal to $\vec{c} = 3 \hat{i} + 2 \hat{j} + 6 \hat{k}$,we have $\vec{v} \cdot \vec{c} = 0$.
$3(2\lambda + \mu) + 2(\lambda + \mu) + 6(\lambda + \mu) = 0$.
$6\lambda + 3\mu + 2\lambda + 2\mu + 6\lambda + 6\mu = 14\lambda + 11\mu = 0$.
Let $\lambda = 11$,then $\mu = -14$.
$\vec{v} = (2(11) - 14) \hat{i} + (11 - 14) \hat{j} + (11 - 14) \hat{k} = 8 \hat{i} - 3 \hat{j} - 3 \hat{k}$.
The unit vector is $\pm \frac{8 \hat{i} - 3 \hat{j} - 3 \hat{k}}{\sqrt{64 + 9 + 9}} = \pm \frac{8 \hat{i} - 3 \hat{j} - 3 \hat{k}}{\sqrt{82}}$.
Comparing with the options,the correct choice is $\frac{-8 \hat{i} + 3 \hat{j} + 3 \hat{k}}{\sqrt{82}}$ which is option $C$.
252
EasyMCQ
$A$ vector with magnitude of $3$ units,which is perpendicular to each of the vectors $\vec{a}=3 \hat{i}+\hat{j}-4 \hat{k}$ and $\vec{b}=6 \hat{i}+5 \hat{j}-2 \hat{k}$,is given by
A
$\pm(2 \hat{i}-2 \hat{j}+\hat{k})$
B
$\pm(2 \hat{i}+2 \hat{j}-\hat{k})$
C
$\pm(2 \hat{i}-2 \hat{j}-\hat{k})$
D
$\pm(2 \hat{i}+2 \hat{j}+\hat{k})$

Solution

(A) First,find the cross product $\vec{a} \times \vec{b}$:
$\vec{a} \times \vec{b} = \begin{vmatrix} \hat{i} & \hat{j} & \hat{k} \\ 3 & 1 & -4 \\ 6 & 5 & -2 \end{vmatrix} = \hat{i}(-2 - (-20)) - \hat{j}(-6 - (-24)) + \hat{k}(15 - 6) = 18 \hat{i} - 18 \hat{j} + 9 \hat{k}$
Next,find the magnitude of the cross product:
$|\vec{a} \times \vec{b}| = \sqrt{18^2 + (-18)^2 + 9^2} = \sqrt{324 + 324 + 81} = \sqrt{729} = 27$
The unit vector perpendicular to both $\vec{a}$ and $\vec{b}$ is $\frac{\vec{a} \times \vec{b}}{|\vec{a} \times \vec{b}|} = \frac{18 \hat{i} - 18 \hat{j} + 9 \hat{k}}{27} = \frac{2}{3} \hat{i} - \frac{2}{3} \hat{j} + \frac{1}{3} \hat{k}$
The required vector with magnitude $3$ is $\pm 3 \left( \frac{2}{3} \hat{i} - \frac{2}{3} \hat{j} + \frac{1}{3} \hat{k} \right) = \pm(2 \hat{i} - 2 \hat{j} + \hat{k})$.
253
EasyMCQ
Find the vector perpendicular to the vectors $4 i-j+3 k$ and $-2 i+j-2 k$ whose magnitude is $9$.
A
$3 i-6 j-6 k$
B
$3 i-6 j+6 k$
C
$-3 i+6 j+6 k$
D
None of the above

Solution

(C) Let $\vec{a} = 4 i - j + 3 k$ and $\vec{b} = -2 i + j - 2 k$. The vector perpendicular to both $\vec{a}$ and $\vec{b}$ is given by their cross product $\vec{n} = \vec{a} \times \vec{b}$.
$\vec{n} = \begin{vmatrix} i & j & k \\ 4 & -1 & 3 \\ -2 & 1 & -2 \end{vmatrix} = i(2-3) - j(-8+6) + k(4-2) = -i + 2j + 2k$.
The magnitude of $\vec{n}$ is $|\vec{n}| = \sqrt{(-1)^2 + 2^2 + 2^2} = \sqrt{1+4+4} = \sqrt{9} = 3$.
The unit vector perpendicular to both is $\hat{n} = \frac{\vec{n}}{|\vec{n}|} = \frac{-i + 2j + 2k}{3}$.
The required vector of magnitude $9$ is $\pm 9 \hat{n} = \pm 9 \left( \frac{-i + 2j + 2k}{3} \right) = \pm 3(-i + 2j + 2k) = \pm (-3i + 6j + 6k)$.
Thus,the vectors are $-3i + 6j + 6k$ or $3i - 6j - 6k$.
254
MediumMCQ
Let $\bar{a}$ and $\bar{b}$ be two vectors such that $|\bar{a}|=1$,$|\bar{b}|=4$,and $\bar{a} \cdot \bar{b}=2$. If $\bar{c}=(2 \bar{a} \times \bar{b})-3 \bar{b}$,then the angle between $\bar{b}$ and $\bar{c}$ is
A
$\frac{\pi}{3}$
B
$\frac{\pi}{6}$
C
$\frac{3 \pi}{4}$
D
$\frac{5 \pi}{6}$

Solution

(D) Given that $\bar{c} = (2 \bar{a} \times \bar{b}) - 3 \bar{b}$.
To find the angle $\theta$ between $\bar{b}$ and $\bar{c}$,we use the dot product formula: $\cos \theta = \frac{\bar{b} \cdot \bar{c}}{|\bar{b}| |\bar{c}|}$.
First,calculate $\bar{b} \cdot \bar{c} = \bar{b} \cdot (2 \bar{a} \times \bar{b} - 3 \bar{b}) = 2 \bar{b} \cdot (\bar{a} \times \bar{b}) - 3 |\bar{b}|^2$.
Since $\bar{b} \cdot (\bar{a} \times \bar{b}) = 0$ (as the cross product is perpendicular to both vectors),we have $\bar{b} \cdot \bar{c} = 0 - 3(4)^2 = -48$.
Next,calculate $|\bar{c}|^2 = |2(\bar{a} \times \bar{b}) - 3 \bar{b}|^2 = 4|\bar{a} \times \bar{b}|^2 + 9|\bar{b}|^2 - 12 \bar{b} \cdot (\bar{a} \times \bar{b}) = 4|\bar{a} \times \bar{b}|^2 + 9(16) - 0$.
We know $|\bar{a} \times \bar{b}|^2 = |\bar{a}|^2 |\bar{b}|^2 - (\bar{a} \cdot \bar{b})^2 = (1)^2(4)^2 - (2)^2 = 16 - 4 = 12$.
So,$|\bar{c}|^2 = 4(12) + 144 = 48 + 144 = 192$,which means $|\bar{c}| = \sqrt{192} = 8\sqrt{3}$.
Now,$\cos \theta = \frac{-48}{4 \times 8\sqrt{3}} = \frac{-48}{32\sqrt{3}} = -\frac{3}{2\sqrt{3}} = -\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}$.
Thus,$\theta = \pi - \frac{\pi}{6} = \frac{5\pi}{6}$.
255
MediumMCQ
Let $\bar{a}$,$\bar{b}$,and $\bar{c}$ be unit vectors. Suppose that $\bar{a} \cdot \bar{b} = \bar{a} \cdot \bar{c} = 0$ and the angle between $\bar{b}$ and $\bar{c}$ is $\frac{\pi}{6}$. Then $\bar{a}$ is equal to:
A
$\pm(\bar{b} \times \bar{c})$
B
$\pm 2(\bar{b} \times \bar{c})$
C
$\pm \frac{1}{2}(\bar{b} \times \bar{c})$
D
$\pm 4(\bar{b} \times \bar{c})$

Solution

(B) Since $\bar{a} \cdot \bar{b} = 0$ and $\bar{a} \cdot \bar{c} = 0$,the vector $\bar{a}$ is perpendicular to both $\bar{b}$ and $\bar{c}$.
Therefore,$\bar{a}$ must be parallel to the cross product $\bar{b} \times \bar{c}$.
Let $\bar{a} = k(\bar{b} \times \bar{c})$ for some scalar $k$.
Since $\bar{a}$ is a unit vector,$|\bar{a}| = 1$,so $|k| |\bar{b} \times \bar{c}| = 1$.
The magnitude $|\bar{b} \times \bar{c}| = |\bar{b}| |\bar{c}| \sin(\frac{\pi}{6}) = (1)(1)(\frac{1}{2}) = \frac{1}{2}$.
Substituting this,$|k| \cdot \frac{1}{2} = 1$,which implies $|k| = 2$,so $k = \pm 2$.
Thus,$\bar{a} = \pm 2(\bar{b} \times \bar{c})$.
256
MediumMCQ
The area of a parallelogram whose diagonals are the vectors $2 \bar{a}-\bar{b}$ and $4 \bar{a}-5 \bar{b}$,where $\bar{a}$ and $\bar{b}$ are unit vectors forming an angle of $45^{\circ}$ is
A
$3 \sqrt{2}$ sq. units
B
$\frac{3}{\sqrt{2}}$ sq. units
C
$\sqrt{2}$ sq. units
D
$\frac{\sqrt{2}}{3}$ sq. units

Solution

(B) The area of a parallelogram with diagonals $\vec{d_1}$ and $\vec{d_2}$ is given by the formula $\text{Area} = \frac{1}{2} |\vec{d_1} \times \vec{d_2}|$.
Given $\vec{d_1} = 2\bar{a} - \bar{b}$ and $\vec{d_2} = 4\bar{a} - 5\bar{b}$.
Calculating the cross product:
$\vec{d_1} \times \vec{d_2} = (2\bar{a} - \bar{b}) \times (4\bar{a} - 5\bar{b})$
$= 2\bar{a} \times 4\bar{a} - 2\bar{a} \times 5\bar{b} - \bar{b} \times 4\bar{a} + \bar{b} \times 5\bar{b}$
Since $\bar{a} \times \bar{a} = 0$ and $\bar{b} \times \bar{b} = 0$,this simplifies to:
$= -10(\bar{a} \times \bar{b}) - 4(\bar{b} \times \bar{a})$
Since $\bar{b} \times \bar{a} = -(\bar{a} \times \bar{b})$,we have:
$= -10(\bar{a} \times \bar{b}) + 4(\bar{a} \times \bar{b}) = -6(\bar{a} \times \bar{b})$.
The magnitude is $|-6(\bar{a} \times \bar{b})| = 6 |\bar{a}| |\bar{b}| \sin(45^{\circ})$.
Given $|\bar{a}| = 1$,$|\bar{b}| = 1$,and $\sin(45^{\circ}) = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$,
$|\vec{d_1} \times \vec{d_2}| = 6 \times 1 \times 1 \times \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} = \frac{6}{\sqrt{2}} = 3\sqrt{2}$.
Thus,$\text{Area} = \frac{1}{2} \times 3\sqrt{2} = \frac{3}{\sqrt{2}}$ sq. units.
257
MediumMCQ
If the area of a parallelogram,whose diagonals are $\vec{d_1} = \hat{i} - \hat{j} + 2\hat{k}$ and $\vec{d_2} = 2\hat{i} + 3\hat{j} + \alpha\hat{k}$,is $\frac{\sqrt{93}}{2}$ sq. unit,then $\alpha = $
A
$-4, 2$
B
$-3, -2$
C
$2, 1$
D
$4, 2$

Solution

(A) The area of a parallelogram with diagonals $\vec{d_1}$ and $\vec{d_2}$ is given by the formula: $\text{Area} = \frac{1}{2} |\vec{d_1} \times \vec{d_2}|$.
Given $\vec{d_1} = \hat{i} - \hat{j} + 2\hat{k}$ and $\vec{d_2} = 2\hat{i} + 3\hat{j} + \alpha\hat{k}$.
First,calculate the cross product $\vec{d_1} \times \vec{d_2}$:
$\vec{d_1} \times \vec{d_2} = \begin{vmatrix} \hat{i} & \hat{j} & \hat{k} \\ 1 & -1 & 2 \\ 2 & 3 & \alpha \end{vmatrix} = \hat{i}(-\alpha - 6) - \hat{j}(\alpha - 4) + \hat{k}(3 - (-2)) = -(\alpha + 6)\hat{i} - (\alpha - 4)\hat{j} + 5\hat{k}$.
The magnitude is $|\vec{d_1} \times \vec{d_2}| = \sqrt{(-(\alpha + 6))^2 + (-(\alpha - 4))^2 + 5^2} = \sqrt{(\alpha^2 + 12\alpha + 36) + (\alpha^2 - 8\alpha + 16) + 25} = \sqrt{2\alpha^2 + 4\alpha + 77}$.
Given $\text{Area} = \frac{1}{2} \sqrt{2\alpha^2 + 4\alpha + 77} = \frac{\sqrt{93}}{2}$.
Squaring both sides: $2\alpha^2 + 4\alpha + 77 = 93 \implies 2\alpha^2 + 4\alpha - 16 = 0 \implies \alpha^2 + 2\alpha - 8 = 0$.
Factoring the quadratic: $(\alpha + 4)(\alpha - 2) = 0$.
Thus,$\alpha = -4$ or $\alpha = 2$.
258
MediumMCQ
If $\bar{a}=2 \hat{i}+3 \hat{j}+4 \hat{k}$,$\bar{b}=\hat{i}-2 \hat{j}-2 \hat{k}$,$\bar{c}=-\hat{i}+4 \hat{j}+3 \hat{k}$ and if $\bar{d}$ is a vector perpendicular to both $\bar{b}$ and $\bar{c}$,and $\bar{a} \cdot \bar{d}=18$,then $|\bar{a} \times \bar{d}|^2=$
A
$640$
B
$680$
C
$720$
D
$740$

Solution

(C) Since $\bar{d}$ is perpendicular to both $\bar{b}$ and $\bar{c}$,$\bar{d}$ must be parallel to $\bar{b} \times \bar{c}$.
First,calculate $\bar{b} \times \bar{c} = \begin{vmatrix} \hat{i} & \hat{j} & \hat{k} \\ 1 & -2 & -2 \\ -1 & 4 & 3 \end{vmatrix} = \hat{i}(-6+8) - \hat{j}(3-2) + \hat{k}(4-2) = 2 \hat{i} - \hat{j} + 2 \hat{k}$.
Let $\bar{d} = k(2 \hat{i} - \hat{j} + 2 \hat{k})$.
Given $\bar{a} \cdot \bar{d} = 18$,we have $(2 \hat{i} + 3 \hat{j} + 4 \hat{k}) \cdot k(2 \hat{i} - \hat{j} + 2 \hat{k}) = 18$.
$k(4 - 3 + 8) = 18 \implies 9k = 18 \implies k = 2$.
Thus,$\bar{d} = 4 \hat{i} - 2 \hat{j} + 4 \hat{k}$.
Now,calculate $\bar{a} \times \bar{d} = \begin{vmatrix} \hat{i} & \hat{j} & \hat{k} \\ 2 & 3 & 4 \\ 4 & -2 & 4 \end{vmatrix} = \hat{i}(12+8) - \hat{j}(8-16) + \hat{k}(-4-12) = 20 \hat{i} + 8 \hat{j} - 16 \hat{k}$.
Finally,$|\bar{a} \times \bar{d}|^2 = 20^2 + 8^2 + (-16)^2 = 400 + 64 + 256 = 720$.
259
MediumMCQ
Let $\bar{a}=\hat{i}+\hat{j}$,$\bar{b}=2\hat{i}-\hat{k}$,and $\bar{c}=3\hat{i}-\hat{j}+\hat{k}$. Find the vector $\bar{p}$ that satisfies $\bar{p} \cdot \bar{a}=0$ and $\bar{p} \times \bar{b}=\bar{c} \times \bar{b}$.
A
$\hat{i}-\hat{j}+\hat{k}$
B
$\hat{i}-2\hat{j}+\hat{k}$
C
$-\hat{i}+\hat{j}+\hat{k}$
D
$\hat{i}-\hat{j}+2\hat{k}$

Solution

(D) Given $\bar{p} \times \bar{b} = \bar{c} \times \bar{b}$,we can write $\bar{p} \times \bar{b} - \bar{c} \times \bar{b} = 0$,which implies $(\bar{p} - \bar{c}) \times \bar{b} = 0$.
This means $(\bar{p} - \bar{c})$ is parallel to $\bar{b}$,so $\bar{p} - \bar{c} = t\bar{b}$ for some scalar $t$.
Thus,$\bar{p} = \bar{c} + t\bar{b} = (3\hat{i}-\hat{j}+\hat{k}) + t(2\hat{i}-\hat{k}) = (3+2t)\hat{i} - \hat{j} + (1-t)\hat{k}$.
Given $\bar{p} \cdot \bar{a} = 0$,where $\bar{a} = \hat{i} + \hat{j}$,we have $((3+2t)\hat{i} - \hat{j} + (1-t)\hat{k}) \cdot (\hat{i} + \hat{j}) = 0$.
$(3+2t)(1) + (-1)(1) + (1-t)(0) = 0$.
$3 + 2t - 1 = 0 \implies 2t + 2 = 0 \implies t = -1$.
Substituting $t = -1$ into the expression for $\bar{p}$:
$\bar{p} = (3 + 2(-1))\hat{i} - \hat{j} + (1 - (-1))\hat{k} = (3-2)\hat{i} - \hat{j} + (1+1)\hat{k} = \hat{i} - \hat{j} + 2\hat{k}$.
Therefore,the correct option is $D$.
260
EasyMCQ
The position vectors of the points $A, B, C$ are $\hat{i}+2\hat{j}-\hat{k}, \hat{i}+\hat{j}+\hat{k}$,and $2\hat{i}+3\hat{j}+2\hat{k}$ respectively. If $A$ is chosen as the origin,then the cross product of the position vectors of $B$ and $C$ is:
A
$-5\hat{i}+2\hat{j}+\hat{k}$
B
$-\hat{i}-\hat{k}$
C
$\hat{i}-\hat{k}$
D
$5\hat{i}-2\hat{j}-\hat{k}$

Solution

(A) Let the position vectors of points $A, B, C$ be $\vec{a} = \hat{i}+2\hat{j}-\hat{k}$,$\vec{b} = \hat{i}+\hat{j}+\hat{k}$,and $\vec{c} = 2\hat{i}+3\hat{j}+2\hat{k}$.
If $A$ is chosen as the origin,the new position vectors of $B$ and $C$ are $\vec{B'} = \vec{b} - \vec{a}$ and $\vec{C'} = \vec{c} - \vec{a}$.
$\vec{B'} = (\hat{i}+\hat{j}+\hat{k}) - (\hat{i}+2\hat{j}-\hat{k}) = 0\hat{i} - \hat{j} + 2\hat{k}$.
$\vec{C'} = (2\hat{i}+3\hat{j}+2\hat{k}) - (\hat{i}+2\hat{j}-\hat{k}) = \hat{i} + \hat{j} + 3\hat{k}$.
The cross product $\vec{B'} \times \vec{C'}$ is given by the determinant:
$\vec{B'} \times \vec{C'} = \begin{vmatrix} \hat{i} & \hat{j} & \hat{k} \\ 0 & -1 & 2 \\ 1 & 1 & 3 \end{vmatrix}$.
$= \hat{i}((-1)(3) - (2)(1)) - \hat{j}((0)(3) - (2)(1)) + \hat{k}((0)(1) - (-1)(1))$.
$= \hat{i}(-3 - 2) - \hat{j}(0 - 2) + \hat{k}(0 + 1)$.
$= -5\hat{i} + 2\hat{j} + \hat{k}$.
261
MediumMCQ
$A$ tetrahedron has vertices $O(0,0,0)$,$A(1,2,1)$,$B(2,1,3)$,and $C(-1,1,2)$. The angle between the faces $OAB$ and $ABC$ is:
A
$\cos ^{-1}\left(\frac{19}{35}\right)$
B
$\cos ^{-1}\left(\frac{1}{35}\right)$
C
$\cos ^{-1}\left(\frac{9}{35}\right)$
D
$\cos ^{-1}\left(\frac{4}{35}\right)$

Solution

(A) The angle between two faces of a tetrahedron is the angle between their normal vectors.
First,find the normal vector $\vec{n_1}$ to face $OAB$. $\vec{n_1} = \vec{OA} \times \vec{OB} = \begin{vmatrix} \hat{i} & \hat{j} & \hat{k} \\ 1 & 2 & 1 \\ 2 & 1 & 3 \end{vmatrix} = \hat{i}(6-1) - \hat{j}(3-2) + \hat{k}(1-4) = 5\hat{i} - \hat{j} - 3\hat{k}$.
Next,find the normal vector $\vec{n_2}$ to face $ABC$. $\vec{n_2} = \vec{AB} \times \vec{AC}$.
$\vec{AB} = (2-1)\hat{i} + (1-2)\hat{j} + (3-1)\hat{k} = \hat{i} - \hat{j} + 2\hat{k}$.
$\vec{AC} = (-1-1)\hat{i} + (1-2)\hat{j} + (2-1)\hat{k} = -2\hat{i} - \hat{j} + \hat{k}$.
$\vec{n_2} = \begin{vmatrix} \hat{i} & \hat{j} & \hat{k} \\ 1 & -1 & 2 \\ -2 & -1 & 1 \end{vmatrix} = \hat{i}(-1+2) - \hat{j}(1+4) + \hat{k}(-1-2) = \hat{i} - 5\hat{j} - 3\hat{k}$.
The angle $\theta$ between the faces is given by $\cos \theta = \frac{|\vec{n_1} \cdot \vec{n_2}|}{|\vec{n_1}| |\vec{n_2}|}$.
$\vec{n_1} \cdot \vec{n_2} = (5)(1) + (-1)(-5) + (-3)(-3) = 5 + 5 + 9 = 19$.
$|\vec{n_1}| = \sqrt{5^2 + (-1)^2 + (-3)^2} = \sqrt{25 + 1 + 9} = \sqrt{35}$.
$|\vec{n_2}| = \sqrt{1^2 + (-5)^2 + (-3)^2} = \sqrt{1 + 25 + 9} = \sqrt{35}$.
$\cos \theta = \frac{19}{\sqrt{35} \sqrt{35}} = \frac{19}{35}$.
Therefore,$\theta = \cos^{-1}\left(\frac{19}{35}\right)$.
262
MediumMCQ
If $\bar{a}=\hat{i}+\hat{j}+\hat{k}$ and $\bar{b}=\hat{j}-\hat{k}$,find a vector $\bar{c}$ such that $\bar{a} \times \bar{c}=\bar{b}$ and $\bar{a} \cdot \bar{c}=3$.
A
$\frac{5}{3} \hat{i}+\frac{2}{3} \hat{j}+\frac{2}{3} \hat{k}$
B
$\hat{i}-2 \hat{j}+4 \hat{k}$
C
$\hat{i}+2 \hat{k}$
D
$2 \hat{i}-3 \hat{j}+4 \hat{k}$

Solution

(A) Let $\bar{c} = x\hat{i} + y\hat{j} + z\hat{k}$.
Given $\bar{a} \cdot \bar{c} = 3$,we have $x + y + z = 3$ (Equation $1$).
Given $\bar{a} \times \bar{c} = \bar{b}$,we calculate the cross product:
$\bar{a} \times \bar{c} = \begin{vmatrix} \hat{i} & \hat{j} & \hat{k} \\ 1 & 1 & 1 \\ x & y & z \end{vmatrix} = (z-y)\hat{i} - (z-x)\hat{j} + (y-x)\hat{k}$.
Equating this to $\bar{b} = 0\hat{i} + 1\hat{j} - 1\hat{k}$,we get:
$z - y = 0 \implies z = y$
$-(z - x) = 1 \implies x - z = 1 \implies x = z + 1$
$y - x = -1$
Substituting $z = y$ and $x = z + 1$ into Equation $1$:
$(z + 1) + z + z = 3 \implies 3z + 1 = 3 \implies 3z = 2 \implies z = \frac{2}{3}$.
Then $y = \frac{2}{3}$ and $x = \frac{2}{3} + 1 = \frac{5}{3}$.
Thus,$\bar{c} = \frac{5}{3}\hat{i} + \frac{2}{3}\hat{j} + \frac{2}{3}\hat{k}$.
The correct option is $A$.
263
MediumMCQ
Let $\bar{a} = \hat{i} + \hat{j} - \hat{k}$ and $\bar{c} = 5\hat{i} - 3\hat{j} + 2\hat{k}$. If $\bar{b} \times \bar{c} = \bar{a}$,then find $|\bar{b}|$.
A
$\sqrt{113}$
B
$\sqrt{114}$
C
$\sqrt{117}$
D
None of these

Solution

(D) Given $\bar{a} = \hat{i} + \hat{j} - \hat{k}$ and $\bar{c} = 5\hat{i} - 3\hat{j} + 2\hat{k}$.
We are given $\bar{b} \times \bar{c} = \bar{a}$.
Taking the dot product with $\bar{c}$ on both sides,we get $\bar{c} \cdot (\bar{b} \times \bar{c}) = \bar{c} \cdot \bar{a}$.
Since $\bar{c} \cdot (\bar{b} \times \bar{c}) = 0$,we must have $\bar{c} \cdot \bar{a} = 0$.
Calculating $\bar{c} \cdot \bar{a} = (5)(1) + (-3)(1) + (2)(-1) = 5 - 3 - 2 = 0$.
Since the condition $\bar{c} \cdot \bar{a} = 0$ is satisfied,$\bar{b}$ exists.
Let $\bar{b} = x\hat{i} + y\hat{j} + z\hat{k}$. Then $\bar{b} \times \bar{c} = \begin{vmatrix} \hat{i} & \hat{j} & \hat{k} \\ x & y & z \\ 5 & -3 & 2 \end{vmatrix} = (2y + 3z)\hat{i} - (2x - 5z)\hat{j} + (-3x - 5y)\hat{k} = \hat{i} + \hat{j} - \hat{k}$.
Equating components: $2y + 3z = 1$,$2x - 5z = -1$,$-3x - 5y = -1$.
Since $\bar{b}$ is not unique (any vector $\bar{b} + k\bar{c}$ satisfies the cross product),we look for the minimum magnitude. The vector $\bar{b}$ perpendicular to $\bar{c}$ is given by $\bar{b} = \frac{\bar{c} \times \bar{a}}{|\bar{c}|^2}$.
$\bar{c} \times \bar{a} = \begin{vmatrix} \hat{i} & \hat{j} & \hat{k} \\ 5 & -3 & 2 \\ 1 & 1 & -1 \end{vmatrix} = \hat{i}(3-2) - \hat{j}(-5-2) + \hat{k}(5+3) = \hat{i} + 7\hat{j} + 8\hat{k}$.
$|\bar{c}|^2 = 5^2 + (-3)^2 + 2^2 = 25 + 9 + 4 = 38$.
So $\bar{b} = \frac{1}{38}(\hat{i} + 7\hat{j} + 8\hat{k})$.
$|\bar{b}| = \frac{1}{38} \sqrt{1^2 + 7^2 + 8^2} = \frac{\sqrt{1 + 49 + 64}}{38} = \frac{\sqrt{114}}{38} = \sqrt{\frac{114}{38^2}} = \sqrt{\frac{114}{1444}}$.
Since the question implies a specific value and none of the options match,the answer is $D$.
264
MediumMCQ
Let $\bar{a} = \alpha \hat{i} + 3 \hat{j} - \hat{k}$,$\bar{b} = 3 \hat{i} - \hat{j} + \beta \hat{k}$,and $\bar{c} = \hat{i} + 2 \hat{j} - 2 \hat{k}$ where $\alpha, \beta \in R$,be three vectors. If the projection of $\bar{a}$ on $\bar{c}$ is $\frac{10}{3}$ and $\bar{b} \times \bar{c} = -6 \hat{i} + 10 \hat{j} + 7 \hat{k}$,then the value of $(\alpha + \beta)$ is equal to
A
$5$
B
$3$
C
$4$
D
$6$

Solution

(D) The projection of $\bar{a}$ on $\bar{c}$ is given by $\frac{\bar{a} \cdot \bar{c}}{|\bar{c}|} = \frac{10}{3}$.
Given $\bar{a} = \alpha \hat{i} + 3 \hat{j} - \hat{k}$ and $\bar{c} = \hat{i} + 2 \hat{j} - 2 \hat{k}$.
$\bar{a} \cdot \bar{c} = (\alpha)(1) + (3)(2) + (-1)(-2) = \alpha + 6 + 2 = \alpha + 8$.
$|\bar{c}| = \sqrt{1^2 + 2^2 + (-2)^2} = \sqrt{1 + 4 + 4} = \sqrt{9} = 3$.
So,$\frac{\alpha + 8}{3} = \frac{10}{3} \implies \alpha + 8 = 10 \implies \alpha = 2$.
Now,$\bar{b} \times \bar{c} = \begin{vmatrix} \hat{i} & \hat{j} & \hat{k} \\ 3 & -1 & \beta \\ 1 & 2 & -2 \end{vmatrix} = \hat{i}(2 - 2\beta) - \hat{j}(-6 - \beta) + \hat{k}(6 + 1) = (2 - 2\beta) \hat{i} + (6 + \beta) \hat{j} + 7 \hat{k}$.
Given $\bar{b} \times \bar{c} = -6 \hat{i} + 10 \hat{j} + 7 \hat{k}$.
Comparing components,$2 - 2\beta = -6 \implies -2\beta = -8 \implies \beta = 4$.
Therefore,$\alpha + \beta = 2 + 4 = 6$.
265
DifficultMCQ
Let $\bar{a} = \hat{i} + 2\hat{j} - 2\hat{k}$ and $\bar{b} = \hat{i} - \hat{j} + \hat{k}$. If $\bar{c}$ is a vector such that $\bar{a} \cdot \bar{c} = |\bar{c}|$,$|\bar{c} - \bar{a}| = 2\sqrt{2}$ and the angle between $\bar{a} \times \bar{b}$ and $\bar{c}$ is $60^{\circ}$,then $|(\bar{a} \times \bar{b}) \times \bar{c}|$ is equal to
A
$\frac{3\sqrt{6}}{2}$
B
$6$
C
$9$
D
$12$

Solution

(A) Given $\bar{a} = \hat{i} + 2\hat{j} - 2\hat{k}$,so $|\bar{a}|^2 = 1^2 + 2^2 + (-2)^2 = 9$,hence $|\bar{a}| = 3$.
Given $|\bar{c} - \bar{a}| = 2\sqrt{2}$,squaring both sides gives $|\bar{c}|^2 + |\bar{a}|^2 - 2(\bar{a} \cdot \bar{c}) = 8$.
Since $\bar{a} \cdot \bar{c} = |\bar{c}|$,let $|\bar{c}| = x$. Then $x^2 + 9 - 2x = 8$,which simplifies to $x^2 - 2x + 1 = 0$,so $(x-1)^2 = 0$,implying $|\bar{c}| = 1$.
Now,$\bar{a} \times \bar{b} = \begin{vmatrix} \hat{i} & \hat{j} & \hat{k} \\ 1 & 2 & -2 \\ 1 & -1 & 1 \end{vmatrix} = \hat{i}(2-2) - \hat{j}(1+2) + \hat{k}(-1-2) = 0\hat{i} - 3\hat{j} - 3\hat{k}$.
Thus,$|\bar{a} \times \bar{b}| = \sqrt{0^2 + (-3)^2 + (-3)^2} = \sqrt{18} = 3\sqrt{2}$.
The angle between $\bar{a} \times \bar{b}$ and $\bar{c}$ is $\theta = 60^{\circ}$.
We need to find $|(\bar{a} \times \bar{b}) \times \bar{c}| = |\bar{a} \times \bar{b}| |\bar{c}| \sin(60^{\circ})$.
Substituting the values: $(3\sqrt{2}) \times (1) \times \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} = \frac{3\sqrt{6}}{2}$.
266
MediumMCQ
The area of the triangle,whose vertices are $A \equiv(1,-1,2)$,$B \equiv(2,1,-1)$ and $C \equiv(3,-1,2)$,is
A
$2 \sqrt{3}$ sq. units
B
$4 \sqrt{13}$ sq. units
C
$\sqrt{13}$ sq. units
D
$4 \sqrt{3}$ sq. units

Solution

(C) The vertices are $A(1, -1, 2)$,$B(2, 1, -1)$,and $C(3, -1, 2)$.
The position vectors are $\vec{a} = \hat{i} - \hat{j} + 2\hat{k}$,$\vec{b} = 2\hat{i} + \hat{j} - \hat{k}$,and $\vec{c} = 3\hat{i} - \hat{j} + 2\hat{k}$.
We find the vectors $\vec{AB}$ and $\vec{AC}$:
$\vec{AB} = \vec{b} - \vec{a} = (2-1)\hat{i} + (1 - (-1))\hat{j} + (-1-2)\hat{k} = \hat{i} + 2\hat{j} - 3\hat{k}$
$\vec{AC} = \vec{c} - \vec{a} = (3-1)\hat{i} + (-1 - (-1))\hat{j} + (2-2)\hat{k} = 2\hat{i} + 0\hat{j} + 0\hat{k}$
The area of the triangle is given by $\frac{1}{2} |\vec{AB} \times \vec{AC}|$.
$\vec{AB} \times \vec{AC} = \begin{vmatrix} \hat{i} & \hat{j} & \hat{k} \\ 1 & 2 & -3 \\ 2 & 0 & 0 \end{vmatrix} = \hat{i}(0 - 0) - \hat{j}(0 - (-6)) + \hat{k}(0 - 4) = -6\hat{j} - 4\hat{k}$.
The magnitude is $|\vec{AB} \times \vec{AC}| = \sqrt{(-6)^2 + (-4)^2} = \sqrt{36 + 16} = \sqrt{52} = 2\sqrt{13}$.
Therefore,the area of the triangle is $\frac{1}{2} \times 2\sqrt{13} = \sqrt{13}$ sq. units.
267
EasyMCQ
If $C$ is a given non-zero scalar and $\overline{A}$ and $\overline{B}$ are given non-zero vectors such that $\overline{A}$ is perpendicular to $\overline{B}$. If vector $\overline{X}$ is such that $\overline{A} \cdot \overline{X} = C$ and $\overline{A} \times \overline{X} = \overline{B}$,then $\overline{X}$ is given by:
A
$\frac{C \overline{A} + \overline{A} \times \overline{B}}{|\overline{A}|^2}$
B
$\frac{C \overline{A} \times \overline{B}}{|\overline{A}|^2}$
C
$\frac{C \overline{A} - \overline{A} \times \overline{B}}{|\overline{A}|^2}$
D
$\frac{C \overline{A} + \overline{B}}{|\overline{A}|^2}$

Solution

(C) Given $\overline{A} \times \overline{X} = \overline{B}$.
Taking the cross product with $\overline{A}$ on both sides:
$\overline{A} \times (\overline{A} \times \overline{X}) = \overline{A} \times \overline{B}$.
Using the vector triple product identity $\overline{a} \times (\overline{b} \times \overline{c}) = (\overline{a} \cdot \overline{c}) \overline{b} - (\overline{a} \cdot \overline{b}) \overline{c}$:
$(\overline{A} \cdot \overline{X}) \overline{A} - (\overline{A} \cdot \overline{A}) \overline{X} = \overline{A} \times \overline{B}$.
Substitute $\overline{A} \cdot \overline{X} = C$ and $\overline{A} \cdot \overline{A} = |\overline{A}|^2$:
$C \overline{A} - |\overline{A}|^2 \overline{X} = \overline{A} \times \overline{B}$.
Rearranging for $\overline{X}$:
$|\overline{A}|^2 \overline{X} = C \overline{A} - \overline{A} \times \overline{B}$.
$\overline{X} = \frac{C \overline{A} - \overline{A} \times \overline{B}}{|\overline{A}|^2}$.
268
EasyMCQ
If the area of the parallelogram with $\bar{a}$ and $\bar{b}$ as two adjacent sides is $15$ square units,then the area (in square units) of the parallelogram,having $3 \bar{a} + 2 \bar{b}$ and $\bar{a} + 3 \bar{b}$ as two adjacent sides,is
A
$45$
B
$75$
C
$105$
D
$120$

Solution

(C) The area of a parallelogram with adjacent sides $\bar{a}$ and $\bar{b}$ is given by $|\bar{a} \times \bar{b}|$.
Given that $|\bar{a} \times \bar{b}| = 15$.
The area of the new parallelogram with adjacent sides $(3 \bar{a} + 2 \bar{b})$ and $(\bar{a} + 3 \bar{b})$ is given by the magnitude of their cross product:
$|(3 \bar{a} + 2 \bar{b}) \times (\bar{a} + 3 \bar{b})|$
$= |3(\bar{a} \times \bar{a}) + 9(\bar{a} \times \bar{b}) + 2(\bar{b} \times \bar{a}) + 6(\bar{b} \times \bar{b})|$
Since $\bar{a} \times \bar{a} = 0$ and $\bar{b} \times \bar{b} = 0$,and $\bar{b} \times \bar{a} = -(\bar{a} \times \bar{b})$,we have:
$= |0 + 9(\bar{a} \times \bar{b}) - 2(\bar{a} \times \bar{b}) + 0|$
$= |7(\bar{a} \times \bar{b})| = 7 |\bar{a} \times \bar{b}|$
$= 7 \times 15 = 105$ square units.
269
EasyMCQ
If $\overline{a}=\hat{i}+\hat{j}+\hat{k}$,$\overline{a} \cdot \overline{b}=1$ and $\overline{a} \times \overline{b}=\hat{j}-\hat{k}$,then $\overline{b}$ is
A
$\hat{i}-\hat{j}+\hat{k}$
B
$2 \hat{j}-\hat{k}$
C
$\hat{i}$
D
$2 \hat{i}$

Solution

(C) Given,$\overline{a}=\hat{i}+\hat{j}+\hat{k}$ and $\overline{a} \times \overline{b}=\hat{j}-\hat{k}$.
Also,$\overline{a} \cdot \overline{b}=1$.
Let $\overline{b}=x \hat{i}+y \hat{j}+z \hat{k}$.
We know that $\overline{a} \times \overline{b} = \begin{vmatrix} \hat{i} & \hat{j} & \hat{k} \\ 1 & 1 & 1 \\ x & y & z \end{vmatrix} = (z-y)\hat{i} - (z-x)\hat{j} + (y-x)\hat{k}$.
Comparing this with $\hat{j}-\hat{k}$,we get:
$z-y=0 \implies z=y$ $(i)$
$-(z-x)=1 \implies x-z=1$ $(ii)$
$y-x=-1$ $(iii)$
From the dot product,$\overline{a} \cdot \overline{b} = x+y+z=1$ $(iv)$.
Substituting $z=y$ and $x=z+1$ into $(iv)$:
$(z+1) + z + z = 1 \implies 3z = 0 \implies z=0$.
Thus,$y=0$ and $x=0+1=1$.
Therefore,$\overline{b} = 1\hat{i} + 0\hat{j} + 0\hat{k} = \hat{i}$.
270
DifficultMCQ
Let $\overline{a}=2 \hat{i}+\hat{j}-2 \hat{k}$ and $\overline{b}=\hat{i}+\hat{j}$. If $\overline{c}$ is a vector such that $\overline{a} \cdot \overline{c}=|\overline{c}|$,$|\overline{c}-\overline{a}|=2 \sqrt{2}$ and the angle between $(\overline{a} \times \overline{b})$ and $\overline{c}$ is $60^{\circ}$,then the value of $|(\overline{a} \times \overline{b}) \times \overline{c}|$ is
A
$\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}$
B
$\frac{3 \sqrt{3}}{2}$
C
$\frac{5 \sqrt{3}}{2}$
D
$\frac{\sqrt{3}}{4}$

Solution

(B) First,calculate the cross product $\overline{a} \times \overline{b}$:
$\overline{a} \times \overline{b} = \begin{vmatrix} \hat{i} & \hat{j} & \hat{k} \\ 2 & 1 & -2 \\ 1 & 1 & 0 \end{vmatrix} = \hat{i}(0 - (-2)) - \hat{j}(0 - (-2)) + \hat{k}(2 - 1) = 2 \hat{i} - 2 \hat{j} + \hat{k}$.
The magnitude is $|\overline{a} \times \overline{b}| = \sqrt{2^2 + (-2)^2 + 1^2} = \sqrt{4+4+1} = 3$ ...$(i)$.
Given $|\overline{c} - \overline{a}| = 2 \sqrt{2}$,squaring both sides gives $|\overline{c}|^2 + |\overline{a}|^2 - 2(\overline{c} \cdot \overline{a}) = 8$.
Since $|\overline{a}| = \sqrt{2^2 + 1^2 + (-2)^2} = 3$,we have $|\overline{a}|^2 = 9$.
Given $\overline{a} \cdot \overline{c} = |\overline{c}|$,the equation becomes $|\overline{c}|^2 + 9 - 2|\overline{c}| = 8$.
This simplifies to $|\overline{c}|^2 - 2|\overline{c}| + 1 = 0$,which is $(|\overline{c}| - 1)^2 = 0$,so $|\overline{c}| = 1$ ...$(ii)$.
The magnitude of the cross product is $|(\overline{a} \times \overline{b}) \times \overline{c}| = |\overline{a} \times \overline{b}| |\overline{c}| \sin(60^{\circ})$.
Substituting the values: $(3)(1)(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}) = \frac{3 \sqrt{3}}{2}$.
271
MediumMCQ
If $\bar{a}=\hat{j}-\hat{k}$ and $\bar{c}=\hat{i}-\hat{j}-\hat{k}$,then the vector $\bar{b}$ satisfying $\bar{a} \times \bar{b}+\bar{c}=\vec{0}$ and $\bar{a} \cdot \bar{b}=3$ is
A
$-\hat{i}+2\hat{j}-2\hat{k}$
B
$-\hat{i}+\hat{j}-2\hat{k}$
C
$-\hat{i}-\hat{j}+\hat{k}$
D
$\hat{i}+\hat{j}+\hat{k}$

Solution

(B) Given: $\bar{a} = \hat{j} - \hat{k}$ and $\bar{c} = \hat{i} - \hat{j} - \hat{k}$.
Let $\bar{b} = x\hat{i} + y\hat{j} + z\hat{k}$.
From $\bar{a} \times \bar{b} + \bar{c} = \vec{0}$,we have $\bar{a} \times \bar{b} = -\bar{c} = -\hat{i} + \hat{j} + \hat{k}$.
Calculating $\bar{a} \times \bar{b}$:
$\bar{a} \times \bar{b} = \begin{vmatrix} \hat{i} & \hat{j} & \hat{k} \\ 0 & 1 & -1 \\ x & y & z \end{vmatrix} = \hat{i}(z + y) - \hat{j}(z) + \hat{k}(-x) = (y + z)\hat{i} - z\hat{j} - x\hat{k}$.
Comparing with $-\hat{i} + \hat{j} + \hat{k}$:
$y + z = -1$,$-z = 1 \Rightarrow z = -1$,$-x = 1 \Rightarrow x = -1$.
Substituting $z = -1$ into $y + z = -1$,we get $y - 1 = -1 \Rightarrow y = 0$.
Now,check $\bar{a} \cdot \bar{b} = 3$:
$\bar{a} \cdot \bar{b} = (0\hat{i} + 1\hat{j} - 1\hat{k}) \cdot (x\hat{i} + y\hat{j} + z\hat{k}) = y - z = 0 - (-1) = 1$.
Since $1 \neq 3$,there is a contradiction in the problem statement's constraints. However,solving for $\bar{b}$ using the cross product condition gives $\bar{b} = -\hat{i} + 0\hat{j} - \hat{k}$. Re-evaluating the system: if $\bar{a} \cdot \bar{b} = 3$ must hold,the vector $\bar{b}$ is not uniquely determined by these equations. Given the options,option $B$ is $-\hat{i} + \hat{j} - 2\hat{k}$. Let's check: $\bar{a} \cdot \bar{b} = 1 - (-2) = 3$ and $\bar{a} \times \bar{b} = (1 - 2)\hat{i} - (-2)\hat{j} - (-1)\hat{k} = -\hat{i} + 2\hat{j} + \hat{k} \neq -\bar{c}$. The provided options do not satisfy both conditions simultaneously.
272
MediumMCQ
The vector of magnitude $6$ units and perpendicular to vectors $2 \hat{i}+\hat{j}-3 \hat{k}$ and $\hat{i}-2 \hat{j}+\hat{k}$ is
A
$2 \sqrt{3}(-\hat{i}+\hat{j}+\hat{k})$
B
$2 \sqrt{3}(\hat{i}-\hat{j}+\hat{k})$
C
$2 \sqrt{3}(\hat{i}+\hat{j}+\hat{k})$
D
$2 \sqrt{3}(-\hat{i}-\hat{j}+\hat{k})$

Solution

(C) Let the required vector be $\vec{r}$. Since $\vec{r}$ is perpendicular to $\vec{a} = 2\hat{i} + \hat{j} - 3\hat{k}$ and $\vec{b} = \hat{i} - 2\hat{j} + \hat{k}$,it must be parallel to $\vec{a} \times \vec{b}$.
First,calculate the cross product $\vec{a} \times \vec{b}$:
$\vec{a} \times \vec{b} = \begin{vmatrix} \hat{i} & \hat{j} & \hat{k} \\ 2 & 1 & -3 \\ 1 & -2 & 1 \end{vmatrix} = \hat{i}(1 - 6) - \hat{j}(2 + 3) + \hat{k}(-4 - 1) = -5\hat{i} - 5\hat{j} - 5\hat{k} = -5(\hat{i} + \hat{j} + \hat{k})$.
The unit vector perpendicular to both is $\hat{n} = \pm \frac{-5(\hat{i} + \hat{j} + \hat{k})}{|-5(\hat{i} + \hat{j} + \hat{k})|} = \pm \frac{-5(\hat{i} + \hat{j} + \hat{k})}{5\sqrt{3}} = \mp \frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}(\hat{i} + \hat{j} + \hat{k})$.
The required vector of magnitude $6$ is $\vec{r} = 6 \times \hat{n} = \pm \frac{6}{\sqrt{3}}(\hat{i} + \hat{j} + \hat{k}) = \pm 2\sqrt{3}(\hat{i} + \hat{j} + \hat{k})$.
Comparing with the given options,the correct vector is $2\sqrt{3}(\hat{i} + \hat{j} + \hat{k})$.
273
MediumMCQ
The number of unit vectors perpendicular to $\overline{a}=(1,1,0)$ and $\overline{b}=(0,1,1)$ is
A
one.
B
two.
C
three.
D
infinite.

Solution

(B) The vector perpendicular to $\overline{a}$ and $\overline{b}$ is given by the cross product $\overline{a} \times \overline{b}$.
$\overline{a} \times \overline{b} = \begin{vmatrix} \hat{i} & \hat{j} & \hat{k} \\ 1 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 1 \end{vmatrix} = \hat{i}(1-0) - \hat{j}(1-0) + \hat{k}(1-0) = \hat{i} - \hat{j} + \hat{k}$.
The magnitude of this vector is $|\overline{a} \times \overline{b}| = \sqrt{1^2 + (-1)^2 + 1^2} = \sqrt{3}$.
The unit vectors perpendicular to both $\overline{a}$ and $\overline{b}$ are given by $\pm \frac{\overline{a} \times \overline{b}}{|\overline{a} \times \overline{b}|} = \pm \frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}(\hat{i} - \hat{j} + \hat{k})$.
Thus,there are exactly two such unit vectors.
274
MediumMCQ
Let $\bar{u}=\hat{i}+\hat{j}$,$\bar{v}=\hat{i}-\hat{j}$ and $\bar{w}=\hat{i}+2\hat{j}+3\hat{k}$. If $\hat{n}$ is a unit vector such that $\bar{u} \cdot \hat{n}=0$ and $\bar{v} \cdot \hat{n}=0$,then $|\bar{w} \cdot \hat{n}|$ is equal to
A
$0$
B
$1$
C
$2$
D
$3$

Solution

(D) Given $\bar{u} \cdot \hat{n}=0$ and $\bar{v} \cdot \hat{n}=0$.
This implies that the unit vector $\hat{n}$ is perpendicular to both $\bar{u}$ and $\bar{v}$.
Therefore,$\hat{n}$ is parallel to the cross product $\bar{u} \times \bar{v}$.
Thus,$\hat{n} = \pm \frac{\bar{u} \times \bar{v}}{|\bar{u} \times \bar{v}|}$.
First,calculate the cross product:
$\bar{u} \times \bar{v} = (\hat{i}+\hat{j}) \times (\hat{i}-\hat{j}) = \hat{i} \times \hat{i} - \hat{i} \times \hat{j} + \hat{j} \times \hat{i} - \hat{j} \times \hat{j} = 0 - \hat{k} - \hat{k} - 0 = -2\hat{k}$.
The magnitude is $|\bar{u} \times \bar{v}| = |-2\hat{k}| = 2$.
So,$\hat{n} = \pm \frac{-2\hat{k}}{2} = \pm \hat{k}$.
Now,calculate $|\bar{w} \cdot \hat{n}|$:
$|\bar{w} \cdot \hat{n}| = |(\hat{i}+2\hat{j}+3\hat{k}) \cdot (\pm \hat{k})| = |\pm 3| = 3$.
275
EasyMCQ
Vectors $\bar{a}$ and $\bar{b}$ are such that $|\bar{a}|=1$,$|\bar{b}|=4$ and $\bar{a} \cdot \bar{b}=2$. If $\bar{c}=2 \bar{a} \times \bar{b}-3 \bar{b}$,then the angle between $\bar{b}$ and $\bar{c}$ is
A
$\frac{\pi}{6}$
B
$\frac{5 \pi}{6}$
C
$\frac{\pi}{3}$
D
$\frac{2 \pi}{3}$

Solution

(B) Given: $|\bar{a}|=1, |\bar{b}|=4$ and $\bar{a} \cdot \bar{b}=2$.
We know that $|\bar{a} \times \bar{b}|^2 = |\bar{a}|^2 |\bar{b}|^2 - (\bar{a} \cdot \bar{b})^2$.
$|\bar{a} \times \bar{b}|^2 = (1)^2(4)^2 - (2)^2 = 16 - 4 = 12$.
Given $\bar{c} = 2(\bar{a} \times \bar{b}) - 3\bar{b}$.
Since $(\bar{a} \times \bar{b}) \perp \bar{b}$,the vectors $2(\bar{a} \times \bar{b})$ and $-3\bar{b}$ are orthogonal.
$|\bar{c}|^2 = |2(\bar{a} \times \bar{b})|^2 + |-3\bar{b}|^2 = 4|\bar{a} \times \bar{b}|^2 + 9|\bar{b}|^2$.
$|\bar{c}|^2 = 4(12) + 9(16) = 48 + 144 = 192$.
$|\bar{c}| = \sqrt{192} = 8\sqrt{3}$.
Now,$\bar{b} \cdot \bar{c} = \bar{b} \cdot (2(\bar{a} \times \bar{b}) - 3\bar{b}) = 2(\bar{b} \cdot (\bar{a} \times \bar{b})) - 3(\bar{b} \cdot \bar{b})$.
Since $\bar{b} \cdot (\bar{a} \times \bar{b}) = 0$,we have $\bar{b} \cdot \bar{c} = -3|\bar{b}|^2 = -3(16) = -48$.
Let $\theta$ be the angle between $\bar{b}$ and $\bar{c}$.
$\cos \theta = \frac{\bar{b} \cdot \bar{c}}{|\bar{b}| |\bar{c}|} = \frac{-48}{4 \times 8\sqrt{3}} = \frac{-48}{32\sqrt{3}} = \frac{-3}{2\sqrt{3}} = -\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}$.
$\theta = \cos^{-1}\left(-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\right) = \frac{5\pi}{6}$.
276
MediumMCQ
The vectors are $\bar{a}=2 \hat{i}+\hat{j}-2 \hat{k}$ and $\bar{b}=\hat{i}+\hat{j}$. If $\bar{c}$ is a vector such that $\bar{a} \cdot \bar{c}=|\bar{c}|$ and $|\bar{c}-\bar{a}|=2 \sqrt{2}$,and the angle between $\bar{a} \times \bar{b}$ and $\bar{c}$ is $\frac{\pi}{4}$,then find the value of $|(\bar{a} \times \bar{b}) \times \bar{c}|$.
A
$3$
B
$\frac{3}{\sqrt{2}}$
C
$3 \sqrt{2}$
D
$1$

Solution

(B) Given that the angle between $\bar{a} \times \bar{b}$ and $\bar{c}$ is $\frac{\pi}{4}$.
Using the definition of the cross product magnitude,$|(\bar{a} \times \bar{b}) \times \bar{c}| = |\bar{a} \times \bar{b}| |\bar{c}| \sin(\frac{\pi}{4})$. ... $(i)$
First,calculate $\bar{a} \times \bar{b}$:
$\bar{a} \times \bar{b} = \begin{vmatrix} \hat{i} & \hat{j} & \hat{k} \\ 2 & 1 & -2 \\ 1 & 1 & 0 \end{vmatrix} = \hat{i}(0 - (-2)) - \hat{j}(0 - (-2)) + \hat{k}(2 - 1) = 2\hat{i} - 2\hat{j} + \hat{k}$.
The magnitude is $|\bar{a} \times \bar{b}| = \sqrt{2^2 + (-2)^2 + 1^2} = \sqrt{4 + 4 + 1} = \sqrt{9} = 3$.
Given $|\bar{c} - \bar{a}| = 2\sqrt{2}$. Squaring both sides:
$|\bar{c}|^2 + |\bar{a}|^2 - 2(\bar{a} \cdot \bar{c}) = (2\sqrt{2})^2 = 8$.
Since $|\bar{a}| = \sqrt{2^2 + 1^2 + (-2)^2} = 3$ and $\bar{a} \cdot \bar{c} = |\bar{c}|$,we have:
$|\bar{c}|^2 + 3^2 - 2|\bar{c}| = 8$.
$|\bar{c}|^2 - 2|\bar{c}| + 9 = 8 \implies |\bar{c}|^2 - 2|\bar{c}| + 1 = 0$.
$(|\bar{c}| - 1)^2 = 0 \implies |\bar{c}| = 1$.
Substituting these values into equation $(i)$:
$|(\bar{a} \times \bar{b}) \times \bar{c}| = 3 \times 1 \times \sin(\frac{\pi}{4}) = 3 \times \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} = \frac{3}{\sqrt{2}}$.
277
EasyMCQ
The unit vector perpendicular to each of the vectors $\bar{a}+\bar{b}$ and $\bar{a}-\bar{b}$,where $\bar{a}=\hat{i}+\hat{j}+\hat{k}$ and $\bar{b}=3 \hat{i}-2 \hat{j}+5 \hat{k}$ is
A
$\frac{-14 \hat{i}+4 \hat{j}+10 \hat{k}}{\sqrt{312}}$
B
$\frac{14 \hat{i}-4 \hat{j}+10 \hat{k}}{\sqrt{312}}$
C
$\frac{14 \hat{i}+4 \hat{j}+10 \hat{k}}{\sqrt{312}}$
D
$\frac{-14 \hat{i}-4 \hat{j}+10 \hat{k}}{\sqrt{312}}$

Solution

(A) Given $\bar{a}=\hat{i}+\hat{j}+\hat{k}$ and $\bar{b}=3 \hat{i}-2 \hat{j}+5 \hat{k}$.
First,calculate the sum and difference of the vectors:
$\bar{a}+\bar{b} = (\hat{i}+\hat{j}+\hat{k})+(3 \hat{i}-2 \hat{j}+5 \hat{k}) = 4 \hat{i}-\hat{j}+6 \hat{k}$
$\bar{a}-\bar{b} = (\hat{i}+\hat{j}+\hat{k})-(3 \hat{i}-2 \hat{j}+5 \hat{k}) = -2 \hat{i}+3 \hat{j}-4 \hat{k}$
The vector perpendicular to both $(\bar{a}+\bar{b})$ and $(\bar{a}-\bar{b})$ is given by their cross product:
$\vec{v} = (\bar{a}+\bar{b}) \times (\bar{a}-\bar{b}) = \begin{vmatrix} \hat{i} & \hat{j} & \hat{k} \\ 4 & -1 & 6 \\ -2 & 3 & -4 \end{vmatrix}$
$\vec{v} = \hat{i}((-1)(-4) - (6)(3)) - \hat{j}((4)(-4) - (6)(-2)) + \hat{k}((4)(3) - (-1)(-2))$
$\vec{v} = \hat{i}(4 - 18) - \hat{j}(-16 + 12) + \hat{k}(12 - 2) = -14 \hat{i} + 4 \hat{j} + 10 \hat{k}$
The magnitude of this vector is $|\vec{v}| = \sqrt{(-14)^2 + 4^2 + 10^2} = \sqrt{196 + 16 + 100} = \sqrt{312}$.
The required unit vector is $\frac{\vec{v}}{|\vec{v}|} = \frac{-14 \hat{i}+4 \hat{j}+10 \hat{k}}{\sqrt{312}}$.
278
MediumMCQ
If $\overline{a}=\hat{i}+4 \hat{j}+2 \hat{k}$,$\overline{b}=3 \hat{i}-2 \hat{j}+7 \hat{k}$,and $\overline{c}=2 \hat{i}-\hat{j}+4 \hat{k}$,then a vector $\bar{d}$ which is parallel to vector $\overline{a} \times \overline{b}$ and satisfies $\overline{c} \cdot \overline{d}=15$,is
A
$30 \hat{i}-\hat{j}-14 \hat{k}$
B
$90 \hat{i}-3 \hat{j}-42 \hat{k}$
C
$90 \hat{i}+\hat{j}-7 \hat{k}$
D
$30 \hat{i}-3 \hat{j}+7 \hat{k}$

Solution

(B) First,calculate the cross product $\overline{a} \times \overline{b}$:
$\overline{a} \times \overline{b} = \begin{vmatrix} \hat{i} & \hat{j} & \hat{k} \\ 1 & 4 & 2 \\ 3 & -2 & 7 \end{vmatrix} = \hat{i}(28 - (-4)) - \hat{j}(7 - 6) + \hat{k}(-2 - 12) = 32 \hat{i} - \hat{j} - 14 \hat{k}$.
Since $\overline{d}$ is parallel to $\overline{a} \times \overline{b}$,we can write $\overline{d} = k(32 \hat{i} - \hat{j} - 14 \hat{k})$ for some scalar $k$.
Given $\overline{c} \cdot \overline{d} = 15$,where $\overline{c} = 2 \hat{i} - \hat{j} + 4 \hat{k}$:
$(2 \hat{i} - \hat{j} + 4 \hat{k}) \cdot k(32 \hat{i} - \hat{j} - 14 \hat{k}) = 15$
$k(64 + 1 - 56) = 15$
$k(9) = 15 \implies k = \frac{15}{9} = \frac{5}{3}$.
Thus,$\overline{d} = \frac{5}{3}(32 \hat{i} - \hat{j} - 14 \hat{k}) = \frac{160}{3} \hat{i} - \frac{5}{3} \hat{j} - \frac{70}{3} \hat{k}$.
Checking the options,we see that option $(B)$ is $90 \hat{i} - 3 \hat{j} - 42 \hat{k}$,which is $3(30 \hat{i} - \hat{j} - 14 \hat{k})$. Note that the vector $30 \hat{i} - \hat{j} - 14 \hat{k}$ is not parallel to $32 \hat{i} - \hat{j} - 14 \hat{k}$. However,testing option $(B)$ directly: $\overline{c} \cdot \overline{d} = (2)(90) + (-1)(-3) + (4)(-42) = 180 + 3 - 168 = 15$. Thus,option $(B)$ satisfies the condition.
279
EasyMCQ
If $|\bar{u}| = 8$ and $|\bar{v}| = 12$ with an angle of $150^{\circ}$ between them,then find $|\bar{u} \times \bar{v}|$.
A
$96$
B
$80$
C
$42$
D
$48$

Solution

(D) The magnitude of the cross product of two vectors $\bar{u}$ and $\bar{v}$ is given by the formula:
$|\bar{u} \times \bar{v}| = |\bar{u}| |\bar{v}| \sin(\theta)$
Given:
$|\bar{u}| = 8$
$|\bar{v}| = 12$
$\theta = 150^{\circ}$
Substituting the values into the formula:
$|\bar{u} \times \bar{v}| = 8 \times 12 \times \sin(150^{\circ})$
Since $\sin(150^{\circ}) = \sin(180^{\circ} - 30^{\circ}) = \sin(30^{\circ}) = \frac{1}{2}$,we have:
$|\bar{u} \times \bar{v}| = 8 \times 12 \times \frac{1}{2}$
$|\bar{u} \times \bar{v}| = 8 \times 6 = 48$
Therefore,the correct option is $D$.
280
MediumMCQ
Let $\overline{a}, \overline{b}, \overline{c}$ be three vectors such that $|\overline{a}|=\sqrt{3}$,$|\overline{b}|=5$,$\overline{b} \cdot \overline{c}=10$ and the angle between $\overline{b}$ and $\overline{c}$ is $\frac{\pi}{3}$. If $\overline{a}$ is perpendicular to the vector $\overline{b} \times \overline{c}$,then $|\overline{a} \times(\overline{b} \times \overline{c})|$ is equal to
A
$10 \sqrt{3}$
B
$5 \sqrt{3}$
C
$60$
D
$30$

Solution

(D) Given $\overline{b} \cdot \overline{c} = 10$.
Since $\overline{b} \cdot \overline{c} = |\overline{b}| |\overline{c}| \cos(\frac{\pi}{3}) = 10$,we have $(5) |\overline{c}| (\frac{1}{2}) = 10$,which implies $|\overline{c}| = 4$.
We are given that $\overline{a}$ is perpendicular to $\overline{b} \times \overline{c}$,so the angle between $\overline{a}$ and $\overline{b} \times \overline{c}$ is $\frac{\pi}{2}$.
Therefore,$|\overline{a} \times (\overline{b} \times \overline{c})| = |\overline{a}| |\overline{b} \times \overline{c}| \sin(\frac{\pi}{2}) = |\overline{a}| |\overline{b} \times \overline{c}|$.
Now,$|\overline{b} \times \overline{c}| = |\overline{b}| |\overline{c}| \sin(\frac{\pi}{3}) = (5)(4)(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}) = 10\sqrt{3}$.
Thus,$|\overline{a} \times (\overline{b} \times \overline{c})| = (\sqrt{3})(10\sqrt{3}) = 10 \times 3 = 30$.
281
MediumMCQ
If $|\overline{a}|=3$,$|\overline{b}|=5$,$\overline{b} \cdot \overline{c}=10$,the angle between $\overline{b}$ and $\overline{c}$ is $\frac{\pi}{3}$,and $\overline{a}$ is perpendicular to $\overline{b} \times \overline{c}$,then the value of $|\overline{a} \times(\overline{b} \times \overline{c})|$ is
A
$20$
B
$30$
C
$60$
D
$40$

Solution

(B) Given: $|\overline{a}|=3$,$|\overline{b}|=5$,$\overline{b} \cdot \overline{c}=10$,and the angle $\theta$ between $\overline{b}$ and $\overline{c}$ is $\frac{\pi}{3}$.
First,find $|\overline{c}|$: $\overline{b} \cdot \overline{c} = |\overline{b}| |\overline{c}| \cos(\frac{\pi}{3}) = 10$.
$5 \times |\overline{c}| \times \frac{1}{2} = 10 \implies |\overline{c}| = 4$.
Next,find $|\overline{b} \times \overline{c}|$: $|\overline{b} \times \overline{c}| = |\overline{b}| |\overline{c}| \sin(\frac{\pi}{3}) = 5 \times 4 \times \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} = 10\sqrt{3}$.
Since $\overline{a}$ is perpendicular to $\overline{b} \times \overline{c}$,the angle between $\overline{a}$ and $(\overline{b} \times \overline{c})$ is $\frac{\pi}{2}$.
Therefore,$|\overline{a} \times (\overline{b} \times \overline{c})| = |\overline{a}| |\overline{b} \times \overline{c}| \sin(\frac{\pi}{2}) = 3 \times 10\sqrt{3} \times 1 = 30\sqrt{3}$.
Wait,re-evaluating the options provided,there might be a typo in the question or options. Given the standard interpretation,the result is $30\sqrt{3}$. If we assume the question implies $\overline{a}$ is in the plane of $\overline{b}$ and $\overline{c}$ or similar,the result changes. However,based on the provided perpendicular condition,the calculation holds.
282
EasyMCQ
Let $\overline{a}=\hat{i}+2 \hat{j}-\hat{k}$ and $\overline{b}=\hat{i}+\hat{j}-\hat{k}$ be two vectors. If $\overline{c}$ is a vector such that $\overline{b} \times \overline{c}=\overline{b} \times \overline{a}$ and $\overline{c} \cdot \overline{a}=0$,then $\overline{c} \cdot \overline{b}$ is
A
$\frac{1}{2}$
B
$\frac{3}{2}$
C
$-\frac{3}{2}$
D
$-\frac{1}{2}$

Solution

(D) Given,$\overline{b} \times \overline{c} = \overline{b} \times \overline{a}$.
This implies $\overline{b} \times (\overline{c} - \overline{a}) = \overline{0}$.
Thus,$\overline{c} - \overline{a} = \lambda \overline{b}$ for some scalar $\lambda$,so $\overline{c} = \overline{a} + \lambda \overline{b}$.
Given $\overline{c} \cdot \overline{a} = 0$,we have $(\overline{a} + \lambda \overline{b}) \cdot \overline{a} = 0$.
This gives $|\overline{a}|^2 + \lambda (\overline{b} \cdot \overline{a}) = 0$.
Calculating the values: $|\overline{a}|^2 = 1^2 + 2^2 + (-1)^2 = 6$ and $\overline{b} \cdot \overline{a} = (1)(1) + (1)(2) + (-1)(-1) = 1 + 2 + 1 = 4$.
Substituting these: $6 + 4\lambda = 0 \Rightarrow \lambda = -\frac{6}{4} = -\frac{3}{2}$.
Now,$\overline{c} = \overline{a} - \frac{3}{2} \overline{b}$.
Then $\overline{c} \cdot \overline{b} = (\overline{a} - \frac{3}{2} \overline{b}) \cdot \overline{b} = \overline{a} \cdot \overline{b} - \frac{3}{2} |\overline{b}|^2$.
We have $\overline{a} \cdot \overline{b} = 4$ and $|\overline{b}|^2 = 1^2 + 1^2 + (-1)^2 = 3$.
Therefore,$\overline{c} \cdot \overline{b} = 4 - \frac{3}{2}(3) = 4 - \frac{9}{2} = -\frac{1}{2}$.
283
MediumMCQ
Let $\overline{a}=2 \hat{i}+\hat{j}-2 \hat{k}$ and $\overline{b}=\hat{i}+\hat{j}$. If $\overline{c}$ is a vector such that $\overline{a} \cdot \overline{c}=|\overline{c}|$,$|\overline{c}-\overline{a}|=2 \sqrt{2}$,and the angle between $\overline{a} \times \overline{b}$ and $\overline{c}$ is $\frac{2 \pi}{3}$,then $|(\overline{a} \times \overline{b}) \times \overline{c}|=$
A
$\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}$
B
$\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}$
C
$3\sqrt{3}$
D
$4\sqrt{3}$

Solution

(B) Given $|\overline{c}-\overline{a}|=2 \sqrt{2}$. Squaring both sides,we get $|\overline{c}|^2+|\overline{a}|^2-2(\overline{a} \cdot \overline{c})=8$.
Since $|\overline{a}| = \sqrt{2^2+1^2+(-2)^2} = \sqrt{9} = 3$ and $\overline{a} \cdot \overline{c}=|\overline{c}|$,we have $|\overline{c}|^2+9-2|\overline{c}|=8$.
This simplifies to $|\overline{c}|^2-2|\overline{c}|+1=0$,which is $(|\overline{c}|-1)^2=0$,so $|\overline{c}|=1$.
Next,calculate $\overline{a} \times \overline{b} = \begin{vmatrix} \hat{i} & \hat{j} & \hat{k} \\ 2 & 1 & -2 \\ 1 & 1 & 0 \end{vmatrix} = \hat{i}(0 - (-2)) - \hat{j}(0 - (-2)) + \hat{k}(2 - 1) = 2\hat{i}-2\hat{j}+\hat{k}$.
The magnitude is $|\overline{a} \times \overline{b}| = \sqrt{2^2+(-2)^2+1^2} = \sqrt{9} = 3$.
Finally,$|(\overline{a} \times \overline{b}) \times \overline{c}| = |\overline{a} \times \overline{b}| |\overline{c}| \sin\left(\frac{2\pi}{3}\right) = 3 \times 1 \times \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} = \frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}$.
284
DifficultMCQ
Let $\vec{a}=2 \hat{i}+\hat{j}-2 \hat{k}$,$\vec{b}=\hat{i}+\hat{j}$ and $\vec{c}$ be a vector such that $|\vec{c}-\vec{a}|=3$. If $\vec{p}=\vec{a} \times \vec{b}$,then the angle between $\vec{p}$ and $\vec{c}$ is $\frac{\pi}{6}$ and $|\vec{p} \times \vec{c}|=3$. Thus,$\vec{a} \cdot \vec{c}$ is equal to:
A
$\frac{1}{8}$
B
$1$
C
$2$
D
$4$

Solution

(C) Given $\vec{a}=2 \hat{i}+\hat{j}-2 \hat{k}$,$\vec{b}=\hat{i}+\hat{j}$,and $|\vec{c}-\vec{a}|=3$.
First,calculate $\vec{p} = \vec{a} \times \vec{b}$:
$\vec{p} = \begin{vmatrix} \hat{i} & \hat{j} & \hat{k} \\ 2 & 1 & -2 \\ 1 & 1 & 0 \end{vmatrix} = \hat{i}(0 - (-2)) - \hat{j}(0 - (-2)) + \hat{k}(2 - 1) = 2\hat{i} - 2\hat{j} + \hat{k}$.
The magnitude $|\vec{p}| = \sqrt{2^2 + (-2)^2 + 1^2} = \sqrt{4+4+1} = 3$.
Given $|\vec{p} \times \vec{c}| = 3$ and the angle between $\vec{p}$ and $\vec{c}$ is $\frac{\pi}{6}$,we have:
$|\vec{p}||\vec{c}| \sin(\frac{\pi}{6}) = 3$
$3 \cdot |\vec{c}| \cdot \frac{1}{2} = 3 \implies |\vec{c}| = 2$.
Now,use the condition $|\vec{c}-\vec{a}|=3$:
$|\vec{c}-\vec{a}|^2 = 3^2 = 9$
$|\vec{c}|^2 + |\vec{a}|^2 - 2(\vec{a} \cdot \vec{c}) = 9$.
We know $|\vec{a}| = \sqrt{2^2 + 1^2 + (-2)^2} = \sqrt{4+1+4} = 3$,so $|\vec{a}|^2 = 9$.
Substituting the values: $4 + 9 - 2(\vec{a} \cdot \vec{c}) = 9$
$13 - 2(\vec{a} \cdot \vec{c}) = 9$
$2(\vec{a} \cdot \vec{c}) = 4$
$\vec{a} \cdot \vec{c} = 2$.
285
EasyMCQ
If $\bar{u}$ and $\bar{v}$ are two vectors represented in the following figure,then the value of $|\bar{u} \times \bar{v}|$ is:
Question diagram
A
$20$
B
$10 \sqrt{3}$
C
$10$
D
$5 \sqrt{3}$

Solution

(C) The magnitude of the cross product of two vectors $\vec{u}$ and $\vec{v}$ is given by the formula:
$|\vec{u} \times \vec{v}| = |\vec{u}| |\vec{v}| \sin \theta$
From the given figure,we have:
$|\vec{u}| = 4$
$|\vec{v}| = 5$
$\theta = 150^{\circ}$
Substituting these values into the formula:
$|\vec{u} \times \vec{v}| = 4 \times 5 \times \sin 150^{\circ}$
Since $\sin 150^{\circ} = \sin(180^{\circ} - 30^{\circ}) = \sin 30^{\circ} = \frac{1}{2}$,we get:
$|\vec{u} \times \vec{v}| = 20 \times \frac{1}{2} = 10$
286
EasyMCQ
If $\vec{a}+2 \vec{b}+3 \vec{c}=\vec{0}$ and $(\vec{a} \times \vec{b})+(\vec{b} \times \vec{c})+(\vec{c} \times \vec{a})=\lambda(\vec{b} \times \vec{c})$,then the value of $\lambda$ is
A
$4$
B
$5$
C
$3$
D
$6$

Solution

(D) Given: $\vec{a}+2 \vec{b}+3 \vec{c}=\vec{0} \quad \dots(1)$
Taking the cross product with $\vec{b}$ on both sides:
$\vec{a} \times \vec{b} + 2(\vec{b} \times \vec{b}) + 3(\vec{c} \times \vec{b}) = \vec{0} \times \vec{b}$
$\Rightarrow \vec{a} \times \vec{b} + 0 - 3(\vec{b} \times \vec{c}) = \vec{0}$
$\Rightarrow \vec{a} \times \vec{b} = 3(\vec{b} \times \vec{c}) \quad \dots(2)$
Taking the cross product with $\vec{c}$ on both sides of $(1)$:
$\vec{a} \times \vec{c} + 2(\vec{b} \times \vec{c}) + 3(\vec{c} \times \vec{c}) = \vec{0} \times \vec{c}$
$\Rightarrow \vec{a} \times \vec{c} + 2(\vec{b} \times \vec{c}) + 0 = \vec{0}$
$\Rightarrow \vec{c} \times \vec{a} = 2(\vec{b} \times \vec{c}) \quad \dots(3)$
Now,substitute $(2)$ and $(3)$ into the given expression $(\vec{a} \times \vec{b})+(\vec{b} \times \vec{c})+(\vec{c} \times \vec{a})$:
$= 3(\vec{b} \times \vec{c}) + (\vec{b} \times \vec{c}) + 2(\vec{b} \times \vec{c})$
$= (3+1+2)(\vec{b} \times \vec{c}) = 6(\vec{b} \times \vec{c})$
Comparing this with $\lambda(\vec{b} \times \vec{c})$,we get $\lambda = 6$.
287
EasyMCQ
If the area of the triangle with vertices $\hat{i}+y \hat{j}$,$\hat{i}+2 \hat{k}$,and $3 \hat{j}+\hat{k}$ is $\sqrt{6}$ sq. units,then the values of $y$ are
A
$2, 4$
B
$3, 4$
C
$-2, 4$
D
$2, -4$

Solution

(A) Let the vertices be $A = (1, y, 0)$,$B = (1, 0, 2)$,and $C = (0, 3, 1)$.
$\overrightarrow{AB} = (1-1)\hat{i} + (0-y)\hat{j} + (2-0)\hat{k} = -y\hat{j} + 2\hat{k}$.
$\overrightarrow{AC} = (0-1)\hat{i} + (3-y)\hat{j} + (1-0)\hat{k} = -\hat{i} + (3-y)\hat{j} + \hat{k}$.
The area of the triangle is given by $\frac{1}{2} |\overrightarrow{AB} \times \overrightarrow{AC}| = \sqrt{6}$.
$\overrightarrow{AB} \times \overrightarrow{AC} = \begin{vmatrix} \hat{i} & \hat{j} & \hat{k} \\ 0 & -y & 2 \\ -1 & 3-y & 1 \end{vmatrix} = \hat{i}(-y - 2(3-y)) - \hat{j}(0 - (-2)) + \hat{k}(0 - y) = \hat{i}(y-6) - 2\hat{j} - y\hat{k}$.
$|\overrightarrow{AB} \times \overrightarrow{AC}| = \sqrt{(y-6)^2 + (-2)^2 + (-y)^2} = \sqrt{y^2 - 12y + 36 + 4 + y^2} = \sqrt{2y^2 - 12y + 40}$.
Since $\frac{1}{2} \sqrt{2y^2 - 12y + 40} = \sqrt{6}$,we have $\sqrt{2y^2 - 12y + 40} = 2\sqrt{6} = \sqrt{24}$.
Squaring both sides: $2y^2 - 12y + 40 = 24 \Rightarrow 2y^2 - 12y + 16 = 0 \Rightarrow y^2 - 6y + 8 = 0$.
Factoring: $(y-2)(y-4) = 0$,so $y = 2, 4$.
288
MediumMCQ
If the area of the parallelogram with $\vec{a}$ and $\vec{b}$ as two adjacent sides is $15$ sq. units,then the area of the parallelogram having $3 \vec{a}+\vec{b}$ and $\vec{a}+3 \vec{b}$ as two adjacent sides,in square units,is
A
$135$
B
$90$
C
$150$
D
$120$

Solution

(D) The area of a parallelogram with adjacent sides $\vec{a}$ and $\vec{b}$ is given by $|\vec{a} \times \vec{b}| = 15$.
Now,consider the parallelogram with adjacent sides $(3 \vec{a} + \vec{b})$ and $(\vec{a} + 3 \vec{b})$.
The area of this parallelogram is $|(3 \vec{a} + \vec{b}) \times (\vec{a} + 3 \vec{b})|$.
Expanding the cross product:
$|(3 \vec{a} + \vec{b}) \times (\vec{a} + 3 \vec{b})| = |3 \vec{a} \times \vec{a} + 9 \vec{a} \times \vec{b} + \vec{b} \times \vec{a} + 3 \vec{b} \times \vec{b}|$.
Since $\vec{a} \times \vec{a} = 0$ and $\vec{b} \times \vec{b} = 0$,and $\vec{b} \times \vec{a} = -(\vec{a} \times \vec{b})$,we have:
$|0 + 9(\vec{a} \times \vec{b}) - (\vec{a} \times \vec{b}) + 0| = |8(\vec{a} \times \vec{b})| = 8 |\vec{a} \times \vec{b}|$.
Substituting the given area $|\vec{a} \times \vec{b}| = 15$:
Area $= 8 \times 15 = 120$ sq. units.
289
EasyMCQ
If $\bar{a}=\hat{i}+\hat{j}$ and $\bar{b}=2 \hat{i}-\hat{k}$,then the point of intersection of the lines $\bar{r} \times \bar{a}=\bar{b} \times \bar{a}$ and $\bar{r} \times \bar{b}=\bar{a} \times \bar{b}$ is
A
$(-3,1,-1)$
B
$(-3,-1,1)$
C
$(3,1,-1)$
D
$(3,1,1)$

Solution

(C) Given equations are:
$(i)$ $\vec{r} \times \vec{a} = \vec{b} \times \vec{a}$
(ii) $\vec{r} \times \vec{b} = \vec{a} \times \vec{b}$
From (ii),we know that $\vec{a} \times \vec{b} = -(\vec{b} \times \vec{a})$,so $\vec{r} \times \vec{b} = -(\vec{b} \times \vec{a})$.
Adding $(i)$ and (ii):
$(\vec{r} \times \vec{a}) + (\vec{r} \times \vec{b}) = (\vec{b} \times \vec{a}) - (\vec{b} \times \vec{a}) = \vec{0}$
$\vec{r} \times (\vec{a} + \vec{b}) = \vec{0}$
This implies $\vec{r}$ is parallel to $(\vec{a} + \vec{b})$.
Given $\vec{a} = \hat{i} + \hat{j}$ and $\vec{b} = 2\hat{i} - \hat{k}$,then $\vec{a} + \vec{b} = (1+2)\hat{i} + 1\hat{j} - 1\hat{k} = 3\hat{i} + \hat{j} - \hat{k}$.
Thus,$\vec{r} = \lambda(3\hat{i} + \hat{j} - \hat{k})$.
For the intersection point,we test the options. For $\lambda = 1$,$\vec{r} = 3\hat{i} + \hat{j} - \hat{k}$,which corresponds to the point $(3, 1, -1)$.
Checking this in equation $(i)$: $(3\hat{i} + \hat{j} - \hat{k}) \times (\hat{i} + \hat{j}) = 3(\hat{i} \times \hat{j}) + 1(\hat{j} \times \hat{i}) - 1(\hat{k} \times \hat{i}) - 1(\hat{k} \times \hat{j}) = 3\hat{k} - \hat{k} - \hat{j} + \hat{i} = \hat{i} - \hat{j} + 2\hat{k}$.
And $\vec{b} \times \vec{a} = (2\hat{i} - \hat{k}) \times (\hat{i} + \hat{j}) = 2(\hat{i} \times \hat{j}) - (\hat{k} \times \hat{i}) - (\hat{k} \times \hat{j}) = 2\hat{k} - \hat{j} + \hat{i} = \hat{i} - \hat{j} + 2\hat{k}$.
Since both sides are equal,the point $(3, 1, -1)$ is the intersection point.
290
MediumMCQ
If $(2 \hat{i} + 6 \hat{j} + 27 \hat{k}) \times (\hat{i} + \lambda \hat{j} + \mu \hat{k}) = \vec{0}$,then $\lambda$ and $\mu$ are respectively:
A
$\frac{17}{2}, 3$
B
$3, \frac{17}{2}$
C
$3, \frac{27}{2}$
D
$\frac{27}{2}, 3$

Solution

(C) Given the cross product of two vectors is the zero vector,$\vec{a} \times \vec{b} = \vec{0}$,which implies the vectors are collinear.
We can write the cross product as a determinant:
$\begin{vmatrix} \hat{i} & \hat{j} & \hat{k} \\ 2 & 6 & 27 \\ 1 & \lambda & \mu \end{vmatrix} = \vec{0}$
Expanding the determinant:
$\hat{i}(6\mu - 27\lambda) - \hat{j}(2\mu - 27) + \hat{k}(2\lambda - 6) = 0\hat{i} + 0\hat{j} + 0\hat{k}$
Comparing the coefficients of $\hat{i}, \hat{j}, \text{ and } \hat{k}$:
$6\mu - 27\lambda = 0 \quad \dots(1)$
$2\mu - 27 = 0 \quad \dots(2)$
$2\lambda - 6 = 0 \quad \dots(3)$
From equation $(3)$,$2\lambda = 6 \implies \lambda = 3$.
From equation $(2)$,$2\mu = 27 \implies \mu = \frac{27}{2}$.
Substituting these values into equation $(1)$: $6(\frac{27}{2}) - 27(3) = 3(27) - 81 = 81 - 81 = 0$. The values satisfy the equation.
Thus,$\lambda = 3$ and $\mu = \frac{27}{2}$.
291
EasyMCQ
If the area of the parallelogram with $\bar{a}$ and $\bar{b}$ as two adjacent sides is $20$ square units,then the area of the parallelogram having $3 \bar{a} + \bar{b}$ and $2 \bar{a} + 3 \bar{b}$ as two adjacent sides in square units is
A
$105$
B
$120$
C
$75$
D
$140$

Solution

(D) The area of a parallelogram with adjacent sides $\bar{a}$ and $\bar{b}$ is given by $|\bar{a} \times \bar{b}| = 20$.
We need to find the area of the parallelogram with adjacent sides $(3 \bar{a} + \bar{b})$ and $(2 \bar{a} + 3 \bar{b})$.
The area is given by the magnitude of the cross product of these two vectors:
$|(3 \bar{a} + \bar{b}) \times (2 \bar{a} + 3 \bar{b})|$
$= |3 \bar{a} \times 2 \bar{a} + 3 \bar{a} \times 3 \bar{b} + \bar{b} \times 2 \bar{a} + \bar{b} \times 3 \bar{b}|$
Since $\bar{a} \times \bar{a} = 0$ and $\bar{b} \times \bar{b} = 0$,and $\bar{b} \times \bar{a} = -(\bar{a} \times \bar{b})$,we have:
$= |0 + 9(\bar{a} \times \bar{b}) - 2(\bar{a} \times \bar{b}) + 0|$
$= |7(\bar{a} \times \bar{b})| = 7 |\bar{a} \times \bar{b}|$
Substituting the given value $|\bar{a} \times \bar{b}| = 20$:
Area $= 7 \times 20 = 140$ square units.
292
EasyMCQ
If $\overline{a}=3 \hat{i}-5 \hat{j}$ and $\overline{b}=6 \hat{i}-3 \hat{j}$ are two vectors and $\overline{c}$ is a vector such that $\overline{c}=\overline{a} \times \overline{b}$,then the ratio $a: b: c$ is:
A
$\sqrt{34}: \sqrt{45}: \sqrt{39}$
B
$\sqrt{34}: \sqrt{45}: 39$
C
$34: 39: 45$
D
$39: 35: 34$

Solution

(B) Given vectors are $\overline{a} = 3 \hat{i} - 5 \hat{j}$ and $\overline{b} = 6 \hat{i} - 3 \hat{j}$.
The vector $\overline{c}$ is defined as the cross product of $\overline{a}$ and $\overline{b}$:
$\overline{c} = \overline{a} \times \overline{b} = \begin{vmatrix} \hat{i} & \hat{j} & \hat{k} \\ 3 & -5 & 0 \\ 6 & -3 & 0 \end{vmatrix}$
Calculating the determinant:
$\overline{c} = \hat{i}(0 - 0) - \hat{j}(0 - 0) + \hat{k}(-9 - (-30)) = \hat{k}(-9 + 30) = 39 \hat{k}$.
Now,we find the magnitudes of the vectors:
$a = |\overline{a}| = \sqrt{3^2 + (-5)^2} = \sqrt{9 + 25} = \sqrt{34}$.
$b = |\overline{b}| = \sqrt{6^2 + (-3)^2} = \sqrt{36 + 9} = \sqrt{45}$.
$c = |\overline{c}| = |39 \hat{k}| = 39$.
Therefore,the ratio $a: b: c = \sqrt{34}: \sqrt{45}: 39$.
293
MediumMCQ
The area of the parallelogram with vertices $A(1, 2, 3)$,$B(1, 3, a)$,$C(3, 8, 6)$,and $D(3, 7, 3)$ is $\sqrt{265}$ sq. units. Then $a=$
A
-$5$,$2$
B
$6$
C
-$6$,$0$
D
$6$,$0$

Solution

(D) The area of a parallelogram with adjacent sides represented by vectors $\vec{AB}$ and $\vec{AD}$ is given by $|\vec{AB} \times \vec{AD}|$.
Given vertices: $A(1, 2, 3)$,$B(1, 3, a)$,$C(3, 8, 6)$,$D(3, 7, 3)$.
$\vec{AB} = (1-1)\hat{i} + (3-2)\hat{j} + (a-3)\hat{k} = \hat{j} + (a-3)\hat{k}$
$\vec{AD} = (3-1)\hat{i} + (7-2)\hat{j} + (3-3)\hat{k} = 2\hat{i} + 5\hat{j} + 0\hat{k}$
$\vec{AB} \times \vec{AD} = \begin{vmatrix} \hat{i} & \hat{j} & \hat{k} \\ 0 & 1 & a-3 \\ 2 & 5 & 0 \end{vmatrix} = \hat{i}(0 - 5(a-3)) - \hat{j}(0 - 2(a-3)) + \hat{k}(0 - 2)$
$= -5(a-3)\hat{i} + 2(a-3)\hat{j} - 2\hat{k} = (15-5a)\hat{i} + (2a-6)\hat{j} - 2\hat{k}$
The area is $|\vec{AB} \times \vec{AD}| = \sqrt{(15-5a)^2 + (2a-6)^2 + (-2)^2} = \sqrt{265}$.
Squaring both sides: $(15-5a)^2 + (2a-6)^2 + 4 = 265$
$(225 - 150a + 25a^2) + (4a^2 - 24a + 36) + 4 = 265$
$29a^2 - 174a + 265 = 265$
$29a^2 - 174a = 0$
$29a(a - 6) = 0$
Thus,$a = 0$ or $a = 6$.
Solution diagram
294
MediumMCQ
The area of the parallelogram whose diagonals are represented by the vectors $\bar{a}=3 \hat{i}-\hat{j}-2 \hat{k}$ and $\bar{b}=-\hat{i}+3 \hat{j}-3 \hat{k}$ is
A
$\sqrt{266}$ sq. units
B
$\frac{1}{2} \sqrt{266}$ sq. units
C
$266$ sq. units
D
$122$ sq. units

Solution

(B) The area of a parallelogram with diagonals $\vec{d_1}$ and $\vec{d_2}$ is given by the formula: $\text{Area} = \frac{1}{2} |\vec{d_1} \times \vec{d_2}|$.
Given $\vec{d_1} = 3 \hat{i} - \hat{j} - 2 \hat{k}$ and $\vec{d_2} = -\hat{i} + 3 \hat{j} - 3 \hat{k}$.
First,calculate the cross product $\vec{d_1} \times \vec{d_2}$:
$\vec{d_1} \times \vec{d_2} = \begin{vmatrix} \hat{i} & \hat{j} & \hat{k} \\ 3 & -1 & -2 \\ -1 & 3 & -3 \end{vmatrix}$
$= \hat{i}((-1)(-3) - (-2)(3)) - \hat{j}((3)(-3) - (-2)(-1)) + \hat{k}((3)(3) - (-1)(-1))$
$= \hat{i}(3 + 6) - \hat{j}(-9 - 2) + \hat{k}(9 - 1)$
$= 9 \hat{i} + 11 \hat{j} + 8 \hat{k}$.
Now,find the magnitude of the cross product:
$|\vec{d_1} \times \vec{d_2}| = \sqrt{9^2 + 11^2 + 8^2} = \sqrt{81 + 121 + 64} = \sqrt{266}$.
Finally,the area of the parallelogram is $\frac{1}{2} |\vec{d_1} \times \vec{d_2}| = \frac{\sqrt{266}}{2}$ sq. units.
295
EasyMCQ
The area of a triangle with vertices $(1, 2, 0)$,$(1, 0, a)$,and $(0, 3, 1)$ is $\sqrt{6}$ sq. units. Then the values of '$a$' are:
A
-$8$,$1$
B
$2$,-$4$
C
-$2$,$4$
D
$8$,-$1$

Solution

(B) Let the vertices of the triangle be $A(1, 2, 0)$,$B(1, 0, a)$,and $C(0, 3, 1)$.
We know that the area of a triangle with vertices $A, B, C$ is given by $\frac{1}{2} |\vec{BA} \times \vec{BC}|$.
First,we find the vectors $\vec{BA}$ and $\vec{BC}$:
$\vec{BA} = (1-1)\hat{i} + (2-0)\hat{j} + (0-a)\hat{k} = 2\hat{j} - a\hat{k}$
$\vec{BC} = (0-1)\hat{i} + (3-0)\hat{j} + (1-a)\hat{k} = -\hat{i} + 3\hat{j} + (1-a)\hat{k}$
Now,calculate the cross product $\vec{BA} \times \vec{BC}$:
$\vec{BA} \times \vec{BC} = \begin{vmatrix} \hat{i} & \hat{j} & \hat{k} \\ 0 & 2 & -a \\ -1 & 3 & 1-a \end{vmatrix}$
$= \hat{i}(2(1-a) - (-a)(3)) - \hat{j}(0(1-a) - (-a)(-1)) + \hat{k}(0(3) - 2(-1))$
$= \hat{i}(2 - 2a + 3a) - \hat{j}(-a) + \hat{k}(2) = (a+2)\hat{i} + a\hat{j} + 2\hat{k}$
The magnitude is $|\vec{BA} \times \vec{BC}| = \sqrt{(a+2)^2 + a^2 + 2^2} = \sqrt{a^2 + 4a + 4 + a^2 + 4} = \sqrt{2a^2 + 4a + 8}$.
Given the area is $\sqrt{6}$,we have:
$\frac{1}{2} \sqrt{2a^2 + 4a + 8} = \sqrt{6}$
$\sqrt{2a^2 + 4a + 8} = 2\sqrt{6} = \sqrt{24}$
$2a^2 + 4a + 8 = 24$
$2a^2 + 4a - 16 = 0$
$a^2 + 2a - 8 = 0$
$(a+4)(a-2) = 0$
Thus,$a = -4$ or $a = 2$.
Solution diagram
296
MediumMCQ
If $\vec{a}=\hat{i}+\hat{j}+\hat{k}$,$\vec{c}=\hat{j}-\hat{k}$,$\vec{a} \times \vec{b}=\vec{c}$ and $\vec{a} \cdot \vec{b}=1$,then $\vec{b}$ is equal to:
A
$\hat{i}$
B
$-\hat{i}$
C
$\hat{j}$
D
$\hat{k}$

Solution

(A) Let $\vec{b} = x\hat{i} + y\hat{j} + z\hat{k}$. Given $\vec{a} \cdot \vec{b} = 1$,we have:
$(\hat{i} + \hat{j} + \hat{k}) \cdot (x\hat{i} + y\hat{j} + z\hat{k}) = 1 \Rightarrow x + y + z = 1$.
Given $\vec{a} \times \vec{b} = \vec{c}$,we have:
$\begin{vmatrix} \hat{i} & \hat{j} & \hat{k} \\ 1 & 1 & 1 \\ x & y & z \end{vmatrix} = \hat{j} - \hat{k}$.
$(z - y)\hat{i} - (z - x)\hat{j} + (y - x)\hat{k} = 0\hat{i} + 1\hat{j} - 1\hat{k}$.
Comparing coefficients:
$z - y = 0 \Rightarrow z = y$.
$x - z = 1 \Rightarrow z = x - 1$.
$y - x = -1 \Rightarrow y = x - 1$.
Substituting $y = x - 1$ and $z = x - 1$ into $x + y + z = 1$:
$x + (x - 1) + (x - 1) = 1
\Rightarrow 3x - 2 = 1
\Rightarrow 3x = 3
\Rightarrow x = 1$.
Thus,$y = 1 - 1 = 0$ and $z = 1 - 1 = 0$.
Therefore,$\vec{b} = 1\hat{i} + 0\hat{j} + 0\hat{k} = \hat{i}$.
297
EasyMCQ
If $A(3,2,-1), B(-2,2,-3)$ and $D(-2,5,-4)$ are the vertices of a parallelogram,then the area of the parallelogram is
A
$\sqrt{286}$ sq. units
B
$\sqrt{296}$ sq. units
C
$300$ sq. units
D
$\sqrt{300}$ sq. units

Solution

(A) Given vertices are $A(3,2,-1), B(-2,2,-3)$ and $D(-2,5,-4)$.
The vectors representing the sides are $\vec{AB} = (-2-3)\hat{i} + (2-2)\hat{j} + (-3-(-1))\hat{k} = -5\hat{i} - 2\hat{k}$ and $\vec{AD} = (-2-3)\hat{i} + (5-2)\hat{j} + (-4-(-1))\hat{k} = -5\hat{i} + 3\hat{j} - 3\hat{k}$.
The area of the parallelogram is given by the magnitude of the cross product of the adjacent side vectors: $\text{Area} = |\vec{AB} \times \vec{AD}|$.
Calculating the cross product:
$\vec{AB} \times \vec{AD} = \begin{vmatrix} \hat{i} & \hat{j} & \hat{k} \\ -5 & 0 & -2 \\ -5 & 3 & -3 \end{vmatrix} = \hat{i}(0 - (-6)) - \hat{j}(15 - 10) + \hat{k}(-15 - 0) = 6\hat{i} - 5\hat{j} - 15\hat{k}$.
The magnitude is $\sqrt{(6)^2 + (-5)^2 + (-15)^2} = \sqrt{36 + 25 + 225} = \sqrt{286}$ sq. units.
298
EasyMCQ
If $\bar{a}=2 \hat{i}+3 \hat{j}-\hat{k}, \bar{b}=-\hat{i}+2 \hat{j}-4 \hat{k}$ and $\bar{c}=\hat{i}+\hat{j}-2 \hat{k}$,then $(\bar{a} \times \bar{b}) \cdot(\bar{a} \times \bar{c})=$
A
-$30$
B
$84$
C
$70$
D
$984$

Solution

(C) First,calculate the cross product $\bar{a} \times \bar{b}$:
$\bar{a} \times \bar{b} = \begin{vmatrix} \hat{i} & \hat{j} & \hat{k} \\ 2 & 3 & -1 \\ -1 & 2 & -4 \end{vmatrix} = \hat{i}(-12 - (-2)) - \hat{j}(-8 - 1) + \hat{k}(4 - (-3)) = -10\hat{i} + 9\hat{j} + 7\hat{k}$
Next,calculate the cross product $\bar{a} \times \bar{c}$:
$\bar{a} \times \bar{c} = \begin{vmatrix} \hat{i} & \hat{j} & \hat{k} \\ 2 & 3 & -1 \\ 1 & 1 & -2 \end{vmatrix} = \hat{i}(-6 - (-1)) - \hat{j}(-4 - (-1)) + \hat{k}(2 - 3) = -5\hat{i} + 3\hat{j} - \hat{k}$
Finally,compute the dot product of the two resulting vectors:
$(\bar{a} \times \bar{b}) \cdot (\bar{a} \times \bar{c}) = (-10\hat{i} + 9\hat{j} + 7\hat{k}) \cdot (-5\hat{i} + 3\hat{j} - \hat{k})$
$= (-10)(-5) + (9)(3) + (7)(-1) = 50 + 27 - 7 = 70$
299
MediumMCQ
Let $\bar{a}=2 \hat{i}+\hat{j}-2 \hat{k}$ and $\bar{b}=\hat{i}+\hat{j}$. If $\bar{c}$ is a vector such that $\bar{a} \cdot \bar{c}=|\bar{c}|$,$|\bar{c}-\bar{a}|=2 \sqrt{2}$ and the angle between $\bar{a} \times \bar{b}$ and $\bar{c}$ is $60^{\circ}$. Then $|(\bar{a} \times \bar{b}) \times \bar{c}|=$
A
$\frac{3 \sqrt{3}}{2}$
B
$\frac{3}{2}$
C
$3 \sqrt{3}$
D
$\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}$

Solution

(A) First,calculate the cross product $\bar{a} \times \bar{b}$:
$\bar{a} \times \bar{b} = \begin{vmatrix} \hat{i} & \hat{j} & \hat{k} \\ 2 & 1 & -2 \\ 1 & 1 & 0 \end{vmatrix} = \hat{i}(0 - (-2)) - \hat{j}(0 - (-2)) + \hat{k}(2 - 1) = 2\hat{i} - 2\hat{j} + \hat{k}$.
The magnitude is $|\bar{a} \times \bar{b}| = \sqrt{2^2 + (-2)^2 + 1^2} = \sqrt{4 + 4 + 1} = 3$.
Also,$|\bar{a}| = \sqrt{2^2 + 1^2 + (-2)^2} = 3$.
Given $|\bar{c}-\bar{a}| = 2\sqrt{2}$,squaring both sides gives $|\bar{c}|^2 + |\bar{a}|^2 - 2(\bar{c} \cdot \bar{a}) = 8$.
Substituting $|\bar{a}|^2 = 9$ and $\bar{c} \cdot \bar{a} = |\bar{c}|$,we get $|\bar{c}|^2 + 9 - 2|\bar{c}| = 8$.
This simplifies to $|\bar{c}|^2 - 2|\bar{c}| + 1 = 0$,which is $(|\bar{c}| - 1)^2 = 0$,so $|\bar{c}| = 1$.
The magnitude of the cross product is $|(\bar{a} \times \bar{b}) \times \bar{c}| = |\bar{a} \times \bar{b}| |\bar{c}| \sin(60^{\circ})$.
Substituting the values: $(3)(1)(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}) = \frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}$.

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