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Gamma function Questions in Gujarati

Class 12 Mathematics · 7-2.Definite Integral · Gamma function

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1
AdvancedMCQ
$\int\limits_0^\infty x^{2n + 1} e^{-x^2} dx$ ની કિંમત $(n \in N)$ માટે શોધો.
A
$n!$
B
$2(n!)$
C
$\frac{n!}{2}$
D
$\frac{(n+1)!}{2}$

Solution

(C) ધારો કે $I = \int\limits_0^\infty x^{2n+1} e^{-x^2} dx$.
$t = x^2$ આદેશ લેતા,$dt = 2x dx$ મળે,જેનો અર્થ છે કે $x dx = \frac{dt}{2}$.
જ્યારે $x = 0$,ત્યારે $t = 0$,અને જ્યારે $x \to \infty$,ત્યારે $t \to \infty$.
આ કિંમતો સંકલનમાં મૂકતા:
$I = \int\limits_0^\infty (x^2)^n (x dx) e^{-x^2} = \int\limits_0^\infty t^n e^{-t} \frac{dt}{2} = \frac{1}{2} \int\limits_0^\infty t^n e^{-t} dt$.
ગામા વિધેયની વ્યાખ્યા મુજબ,$\Gamma(n+1) = \int\limits_0^\infty t^n e^{-t} dt = n!$.
તેથી,$I = \frac{1}{2} n! = \frac{n!}{2}$.
2
DifficultMCQ
$\int_{0}^{1} x(1-x)^{3 / 2} d x$ નું મૂલ્ય શું છે?
A
$-\frac{2}{35}$
B
$\frac{4}{35}$
C
$\frac{24}{35}$
D
$-\frac{8}{35}$

Solution

(B) ધારો કે $I = \int_{0}^{1} x(1-x)^{3 / 2} d x$.
બીટા વિધેયના ગુણધર્મ $\int_{0}^{1} x^{m-1}(1-x)^{n-1} dx = B(m, n) = \frac{\Gamma(m) \Gamma(n)}{\Gamma(m+n)}$ નો ઉપયોગ કરતા,
અહીં $m-1 = 1 \implies m = 2$ અને $n-1 = 3/2 \implies n = 5/2$.
$I = B(2, 5/2) = \frac{\Gamma(2) \Gamma(5/2)}{\Gamma(2 + 5/2)} = \frac{\Gamma(2) \Gamma(5/2)}{\Gamma(9/2)}$.
પૂર્ણાંક માટે $\Gamma(n) = (n-1)!$ અને $\Gamma(n+1) = n\Gamma(n)$ હોવાથી,
$\Gamma(2) = 1! = 1$.
$\Gamma(5/2) = \frac{3}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cdot \Gamma(1/2) = \frac{3}{4} \sqrt{\pi}$.
$\Gamma(9/2) = \frac{7}{2} \cdot \frac{5}{2} \cdot \frac{3}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cdot \sqrt{\pi} = \frac{105}{16} \sqrt{\pi}$.
તેથી,$I = \frac{1 \cdot \frac{3}{4} \sqrt{\pi}}{\frac{105}{16} \sqrt{\pi}} = \frac{3}{4} \cdot \frac{16}{105} = \frac{3 \cdot 4}{105} = \frac{12}{105} = \frac{4}{35}$.

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