R.Q. Questions in English

(C) The Respiratory Quotient $(RQ)$ is defined as the ratio of the volume of $CO_2$ evolved to the volume of $O_2$ consumed during respiration.
For carbohydrates, the $RQ$ is equal to $1$ because the volume of $CO_2$ evolved is equal to the volume of $O_2$ consumed.
For fats, the $RQ$ is always less than $1$ (typically around $0.7$) because they require more oxygen for oxidation relative to the amount of $CO_2$ produced.
Therefore, $Statement-I$ is incorrect because the $RQ$ for fats is $ < 1$, and $Statement-II$ is incorrect because the $RQ$ for carbohydrates is $1$.

(B) The respiratory quotient $(RQ)$ is calculated as the ratio of the volume of $CO_{2}$ evolved to the volume of $O_{2}$ consumed.
For the given equation: $RQ = \frac{102 CO_{2}}{145 O_{2}} \approx 0.7$.
An $RQ$ value of approximately $0.7$ is characteristic of fatty acids or fats (e.g.,tripalmitin).
Carbohydrates typically have an $RQ$ of $1.0$,while proteins have an $RQ$ of approximately $0.9$.
Therefore,the substrate $C_{51}H_{98}O_{6}$ is a fat.

(C) The correct answer is $C$.
When carbohydrates like glucose are used as respiratory substrates and are completely oxidized, the Respiratory Quotient $(RQ)$ is $1$.
This is because the volume of $CO_2$ evolved is equal to the volume of $O_2$ consumed during the process of aerobic respiration, as represented by the equation: $C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + \text{Energy}$.
Thus, $RQ = \frac{\text{Volume of } CO_2 \text{ evolved}}{\text{Volume of } O_2 \text{ consumed}} = \frac{6}{6} = 1$.

(B) The Respiratory Quotient $(RQ)$ is defined as the ratio of the volume of $CO_2$ released to the volume of $O_2$ consumed during respiration.
Formula: $RQ = \frac{\text{Volume of } CO_2 \text{ released}}{\text{Volume of } O_2 \text{ consumed}}$
Given:
Volume of $CO_2$ released = $102$
Volume of $O_2$ consumed = $145$
Calculation: $RQ = \frac{102}{145} \approx 0.703$
Rounding to one decimal place,the $RQ$ value is $0.7$.

(D) The correct answer is $D$.
Respiratory Quotient $(RQ)$ is defined as the ratio of the volume of $CO_2$ evolved to the volume of $O_2$ consumed during respiration.
$RQ = \frac{\text{Volume of } CO_2 \text{ evolved}}{\text{Volume of } O_2 \text{ consumed}}$.
The value of $RQ$ depends entirely on the nature of the respiratory substrate being oxidized.
For carbohydrates, the $RQ$ is $1.0$.
For fats, the $RQ$ is less than $1.0$ (approximately $0.7$).
For proteins, the $RQ$ is approximately $0.9$.

(D) The Respiratory Quotient $(RQ)$ is defined as the ratio of the volume of $CO_2$ evolved to the volume of $O_2$ consumed during respiration.
$RQ = \frac{\text{Volume of } CO_2 \text{ evolved}}{\text{Volume of } O_2 \text{ consumed}}$
From the given balanced chemical equation: $2(C_5H_9O_5) + 145O_2 \rightarrow 102CO_2 + 98H_2O + \text{energy}$.
The volume of $CO_2$ evolved is $102$ units and the volume of $O_2$ consumed is $145$ units.
$RQ = \frac{102}{145} \approx 0.703$.
Since $0.703$ lies between $0.5$ and $0.95$,the correct option is $D$.