(C) When phenol is treated with concentrated $HNO_3$,it undergoes electrophilic aromatic substitution (nitration) to form $2,4,6$-trinitrophenol,commo

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$2,4,6$-Trinitrophenol (Picric acid)

(C) When phenol is treated with concentrated $HNO_3$,it undergoes electrophilic aromatic substitution (nitration) to form $2,4,6$-trinitrophenol,commonly known as picric acid. The hydroxyl group $(-OH)$ is a strongly activating group,which directs the incoming nitro groups to the ortho and para positions.