Two equal point charges are fixed at $x = -a$ and $x = +a$ on the $x$-axis. Another point charge $Q$ is placed at the origin. The change in the electrical potential energy of $Q$,when it is displaced by a small distance $x$ along the $x$-axis,is approximately proportional to

Figures $(a)$ and $(b)$ show the field lines of a positive and negative point charge respectively.
$(a)$ Give the signs of the potential difference $V_{P}-V_{Q}$ and $V_{B}-V_{A}$.
$(b)$ Give the sign of the potential energy difference of a small negative charge between the points $Q$ and $P$,and $A$ and $B$.
$(c)$ Give the sign of the work done by the field in moving a small positive charge from $Q$ to $P$.
$(d)$ Give the sign of the work done by the external agency in moving a small negative charge from $B$ to $A$.
$(e)$ Does the kinetic energy of a small negative charge increase or decrease in going from $B$ to $A$?

Six charges $+q, -q, +q, -q, +q$ and $-q$ are fixed at the corners of a hexagon of side $d$ as shown in the figure. The work done in bringing a charge $q_0$ to the centre of the hexagon from infinity is: ($\varepsilon_0$ = permittivity of free space)

No current flows between two charged bodies connected together when they have the same

$A$ hollow metal sphere of radius $15 \,cm$ is charged such that the potential on its surface is $20 \,V$. Then, the potential at the centre of the sphere is (in $V$)

$A$ thin spherical conducting shell of radius $R$ has a charge $q$. Another charge $Q$ is placed at the centre of the shell. The electrostatic potential at a point $P$ at a distance $R/2$ from the centre of the shell is: