The order of decreasing reactivity in electro | vedclass

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Question

(C) The reactivity of compounds towards electrophilic addition reaction $(EAR)$ is directly proportional to the stability of the intermediate carbocat

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$III > I > IV > II$

Vedclass · Answer

(C) The reactivity of compounds towards electrophilic addition reaction $(EAR)$ is directly proportional to the stability of the intermediate carbocation formed.Electron-donating groups $(EDG)$ increase the stability of the carbocation,while electron-withdrawing groups $(EWG)$ decrease it.The substituents at the para position are:$(I) \, -H$ (no effect)$(II) \, -NO_2$ (strong $EWG$,$-M$ and $-I$ effect)$(III) \, -MeO$ (strong $EDG$,$+M$ effect)$(IV) \, -Cl$ (weak $EWG$,$-I$ effect,$+M$ effect; overall $-I$ dominates)The order of electron-donating/withdrawing strength is: $-MeO > -H > -Cl > -NO_2$.Therefore,the stability of the resulting carbocations follows the same order: $(III) > (I) > (IV) > (II)$.Thus,the order of decreasing reactivity is $(III) > (I) > (IV) > (II)$.

The order of decreasing reactivity in electrophilic addition of the following compounds is
$(I) \, Ph-CH=CH-COOH$
$(II) \, p-NO_2-C_6H_4-CH=CH-COOH$
$(III) \, p-MeO-C_6H_4-CH=CH-COOH$
$(IV) \, p-Cl-C_6H_4-CH=CH-COOH$

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The order of decreasing reactivity in electrophilic addition of the following compounds is$(I) \, Ph-CH=CH-COOH$$(II) \, p-NO_2-C_6H_4-CH=CH-COOH$$(III) \, p-MeO-C_6H_4-CH=CH-COOH$$(IV) \, p-Cl-C_6H_4-CH=CH-COOH$