In Newtonian mechanics,which parameter is changed by the application of an external force?

Define impulse of force. Time derivative of momentum gives which physical quantity?

Displacement of a particle of mass $2\, kg$ moving in a straight line varies with time as $s = (2t^3 + 2)\, m$. The impulse of the force acting on the particle over a time interval between $t = 0$ and $t = 1\, s$ is .......... $N-s$.

$A$ particle of mass $m$ strikes a wall with speed $v$ at an angle $30^{\circ}$ with the wall elastically as shown in the figure. The magnitude of impulse imparted to the ball by the wall is

$A$ ball of mass $0.15 \, kg$ is dropped from a height $10 \, m$,strikes the ground,and rebounds to the same height. The magnitude of the impulse imparted to the ball is $(g = 10 \, m/s^2)$ nearly: (in $kg \cdot m/s$)

How can we draw a two-object $FBD$ (Free Body Diagram) according to Newton's third law?