In $\Delta ABC$,$\angle B = 90^{\circ}$ and $BM$ is an altitude to the hypotenuse $AC$. If $AB = 12 \, cm$ and $BC = 16 \, cm$,then find the length of $BM$ in $cm$.

In $\Delta PQR$,$M$ and $N$ are the midpoints of $PQ$ and $PR$ respectively. $X$ is any point on $QR$. Prove that,$ar(MXN) = \frac{1}{4} ar(PQR)$.

$A$ point $P$ lies on the side $CD$ of parallelogram $ABCD$. If $ar(ABCD) = 56 \, cm^2$,then $ar(PAB) = \dots \dots \dots cm^2$.

In $\triangle ABC$,$D$ is the mid-point of $AB$ and $P$ is any point on $BC$. If $CQ \parallel PD$ meets $AB$ in $Q$,then prove that $\operatorname{ar}(\triangle BPQ) = \frac{1}{2} \operatorname{ar}(\triangle ABC)$.

In $\Delta ABC$,point $D$ lies on side $BC$. $E$ is the midpoint of $AD$. Prove that,$ar(\Delta EBC) = \frac{1}{2} ar(\Delta ABC)$.

Which of the following figures lie on the same base and between the same parallels? Write the common base and the two parallels for the figure for which the answer is affirmative.