If $x+i y=\frac{a+i b}{a-i b},$ prove that $x^{2}+y^{2}=1$
If $x+i y=\frac{a+i b}{a-i b},$ prove that $x^{2}+y^{2}=1$
We have,
$x+i y=\frac{(a+i b)(a+i b)}{(a-i b)(a+i b)}=\frac{a^{2}-b^{2}+2 a b i}{a^{2}+b^{2}}=\frac{a^{2}-b^{2}}{a^{2}+b^{2}}+\frac{2 a b}{a^{2}+b^{2}} i$
So that, $x-i y=\frac{a^{2}-b^{2}}{a^{2}+b^{2}}-\frac{2 a b}{a^{2}+b^{2}} i$
Therefore,
$x^{2}+y^{2}=(x+i y)(x-i y)=\frac{\left(a^{2}-b^{2}\right)^{2}}{\left(a^{2}+b^{2}\right)^{2}}+\frac{4 a^{2} b^{2}}{\left(a^{2}+b^{2}\right)^{2}}=\frac{\left(a^{2}+b^{2}\right)^{2}}{\left(a^{2}+b^{2}\right)^{2}}=1$
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