Explain polarization of nonpolar molecule in uniform electric field and define the linear isotropic dielectrics.
Explain polarization of nonpolar molecule in uniform electric field and define the linear isotropic dielectrics.
As shown in figure, in an external electric field the positive and negative charges of a non-polar molecule are displaced in opposite directions.
Non-polar molecuels
The displacement stops when the external force on the constituent charges of the molecule is balanced by the restoring force (due to internal fields in the molecule).
The non-polar molecule thus develops an induced dipole moment is in the direction of the field.
Linear isotropic dielectrics: "In an external electric field when the induced dipole moment is in the direction of the field and is proportional to the field strength" substances for which this assumption is true are called linear isotropic dielectrics.
The induced dipole moments of different molecules add up giving a net dipole moment of the dielectric in the presence of the external field.
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