Error in the measurement of radius of the sphere is $2 \%$. The error in the calculated value of its volume is (in $\%$)

Two resistors of resistances $R_{1} = 100 \pm 3 \ \Omega$ and $R_{2} = 200 \pm 4 \ \Omega$ are connected $(a)$ in series,$(b)$ in parallel. Find the equivalent resistance of the $(a)$ series combination,$(b)$ parallel combination. Use for $(a)$ the relation $R = R_{1} + R_{2}$ and for $(b)$ $\frac{1}{R^{\prime}} = \frac{1}{R_{1}} + \frac{1}{R_{2}}$ and $\frac{\Delta R^{\prime}}{R^{\prime 2}} = \frac{\Delta R_{1}}{R_{1}^{2}} + \frac{\Delta R_{2}}{R_{2}^{2}}$.

In an experiment,the following observations were recorded: $L = 2.820 \, m, M = 3.00 \, kg, l = 0.087 \, cm$,Diameter $D = 0.041 \, cm$. Taking $g = 9.81 \, m/s^2$ and using the formula $Y = \frac{4MgL}{\pi D^2 l}$,the maximum permissible error in $Y$ is ......... $\%$.

The error in the measurement of the radius of a sphere is $1\%$. The error in the calculated value of its volume is ......... $\%$

What is the estimation of error? Write the methods for estimation.

The length of a pendulum is measured as $1.01 \ m$ and the time for $30$ oscillations is measured as $1 \ minute \ 3 \ s$. The error in length is $0.01 \ m$ and the error in time is $3 \ s$. The percentage error in the measurement of acceleration due to gravity is: (in $\%$)