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(A) If a small amount of an acid or alkali is added to a buffer solution,it converts them into unionised acid or base. Thus,the $pH$ remains unaffecte

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

these give unionised acid or base on reaction with added acid or alkali

Vedclass · Answer

(A) If a small amount of an acid or alkali is added to a buffer solution,it converts them into unionised acid or base. Thus,the $pH$ remains unaffected or in other words,its acidity/alkalinity remains constant. For example: $H_3O^{+} + A^{-} \rightleftharpoons H_2O + HA$ $OH^{-} + HA \rightarrow H_2O + A^{-}$ If an acid is added,it reacts with the conjugate base $A^{-}$ to form undissociated $HA$. Similarly,if a base/alkali is added,$OH^{-}$ combines with $HA$ to give $H_2O$ and $A^{-}$,and thus,maintains the acidity/alkalinity of the buffer solution.

Buffer solutions have constant acidity and alkalinity because

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