$A$ certain acidic solution contains equal concentrations of $X^-$ and $HX$. If $K_b$ for $X^-$ is $10^{-10}$,then the $pH$ of the buffer is equal to:

Calculate the molar ratio of a weak acid $HA$ $(K_a=10^{-6})$ and its salt with a strong base,so that the $pH$ of the buffer solution is $6$.

$A$ buffer solution is prepared by mixing $0.2 \ M \ NH_4OH$ and $1 \ M \ NH_4Cl$. What is the $pH$ value of the buffer solution? (Given $pK_b = 4.744$)

When $1.0 \ mL$ of dilute $HCl$ acid is added to $100 \ mL$ of a buffer solution with $pH = 4.0$,what will be the resulting $pH$ of the solution?

$A$ buffer solution with $pH = 9$ is to be prepared by mixing $NH_4Cl$ and $NH_4OH$. Calculate the number of moles of $NH_4Cl$ that should be added to one litre of $1.0 \ M \ NH_4OH$. $[K_b = 1.8 \times 10^{-5}]$

Assertion : Buffer system of carbonic acid and sodium bicarbonate is used for the precipitation of hydroxides of third group elements.
Reason : It maintains the $pH$ to a constant value,about $7.4.$