Assertion: Long distance power transmission is done at high voltage.
Reason: At high voltage supply, power losses are less.

Given below are two statements:
Statement-$I$: The reactance of an $ac$ circuit is zero. It is possible that the circuit contains a capacitor and an inductor.
Statement-$II$: In an $ac$ circuit, the average power delivered by the source never becomes zero.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

In an $LCR$ circuit $R = 100 \ \Omega$. When capacitance $C$ is removed,the current lags behind the voltage by $\pi /3$. When inductance $L$ is removed,the current leads the voltage by $\pi /3$. The impedance of the circuit is......$\Omega$.

If $C, R, L$ and $I$ denote capacity,resistance,inductance and electric current respectively,the quantities having the same dimensions of time are :
$(1)$ $C R$
$(2)$ $\frac{L}{R}$
$(3)$ $\sqrt{L C}$
$(4)$ $L I^2$

When an inductor of inductance $L = \frac{6}{\pi} \ H$, a capacitor of capacitance $C = \frac{50}{\pi} \ \mu F$ and a resistor of resistance $R$ are connected in series with an $AC$ supply of rms voltage $V_{rms} = 220 \ V$ and frequency $f = 50 \ Hz$, the rms current through the circuit is $I_{rms} = 440 \ mA$. Match the inductive reactance $X_L$, the capacitive reactance $X_C$, the resistance $R$, and the impedance $Z$ of the circuit given in List-$I$ with the corresponding values given in List-$II$.

List-$I$	List-$II$
$(A) \ X_L$	$(i) \ 200 \ \Omega$
$(B) \ X_C$	$(ii) \ 300 \ \Omega$
$(C) \ R$	$(iii) \ 500 \ \Omega$
$(D) \ Z$	$(iv) \ 600 \ \Omega$

Answer the following questions:
$(a)$ In any $ac$ circuit, is the applied instantaneous voltage equal to the algebraic sum of the instantaneous voltages across the series elements of the circuit? Is the same true for $rms$ voltage?
$(b)$ Why is a capacitor used in the primary circuit of an induction coil?
$(c)$ An applied voltage signal consists of a superposition of a $dc$ voltage and an $ac$ voltage of high frequency. The circuit consists of an inductor and a capacitor in series. Show that the $dc$ signal will appear across $C$ and the $ac$ signal across $L$.
$(d)$ $A$ choke coil in series with a lamp is connected to a $dc$ line. The lamp is seen to shine brightly. Insertion of an iron core in the choke causes no change in the lamp's brightness. Predict the corresponding observations if the connection is to an $ac$ line.
$(e)$ Why is a choke coil needed in the use of fluorescent tubes with $ac$ mains? Why can we not use an ordinary resistor instead of the choke coil?