$A$ bullet of mass $10 \ g$ pierces through a plate $A$ of mass $500 \ g$ and then gets embedded into a second plate $B$ of mass $1.49 \ kg$ as shown in the figure. Initially,the two plates $A$ and $B$ are at rest and move with the same velocity after the collision. The percentage loss in the initial kinetic energy of the bullet when it is between the plates $A$ and $B$ is . . . . . . (Neglect any loss of material of the plates during the collision).

Answer carefully,with reasons:
$(a)$ In an elastic collision of two billiard balls,is the total kinetic energy conserved during the short time of collision of the balls (i.e.,when they are in contact)?
$(b)$ Is the total linear momentum conserved during the short time of an elastic collision of two balls?
$(c)$ What are the answers to $(a)$ and $(b)$ for an inelastic collision?
$(d)$ If the potential energy of two billiard balls depends only on the separation distance between their centres,is the collision elastic or inelastic?
(Note: We are talking here of potential energy corresponding to the force during collision,not gravitational potential energy.)

$A$ student skates up a ramp that makes an angle $30^{\circ}$ with the horizontal. He/she starts (as shown in the figure) at the bottom of the ramp with speed $v_0$ and wants to turn around over a semicircular path $xyz$ of radius $R$ during which he/she reaches a maximum height $h$ (at point $y$) from the ground as shown in the figure. Assume that the energy loss is negligible and the force required for this turn at the highest point is provided by his/her weight only. Then ($g$ is the acceleration due to gravity):
$(A)$ $v_0^2 - 2gh = \frac{1}{2} gR$
$(B)$ $v_0^2 - 2gh = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} gR$
$(C)$ The centripetal force required at points $x$ and $z$ is zero.
$(D)$ The centripetal force required is maximum at points $x$ and $z$.

Calculate the work done to pull a block of mass $M$ by a constant force $F$ as shown in the figure. The coefficient of friction between the block and the ground is $\mu$.

The inclined surfaces of two movable wedges of same mass $M$ are smoothly conjugated with the horizontal plane as shown in the figure. $A$ washer of mass $m$ slides down the left wedge from a height $h$. To what maximum height will the washer rise along the right wedge? Neglect friction.

$A$ $1.0\, kg$ block collides with a horizontal weightless spring of force constant $2.75\, N/m$ as shown in the figure. The block compresses the spring $4.0\, m$ from the rest position. If the coefficient of kinetic friction between the block and the horizontal surface is $0.25$,the speed of the block at the instant of collision is ................. $m/s$.