$P$ is a point in the exterior of $\odot(O, r)$ and the tangents from $P$ to the circle touch the circle at $X$ and $Y$. Find $OP$,if $r = 12$ and $XP = 5$.

As shown in the figure,$AB$,$AC$ and $\overleftrightarrow{PQ}$ are tangents to the circle. If $AB = 6$,then the perimeter of $\Delta APQ = \ldots \ldots \ldots$.

$\overline{AB}$ is a chord of $\odot(O, 10)$ such that $AB = 16$. Tangents at $A$ and $B$ to the circle intersect at $P$. Find the length of $PA$.

If $\odot(O, 5)$ touches all the sides of a square,then the perimeter of the square is .... .

$A$ line drawn from the centre $O$ of a circle with radius $7 \, cm$ intersects the tangent at point $P$ on the circle at point $Q$,such that $PQ = 24 \, cm$. Find $OQ$.

If $d_{1}$ and $d_{2}$ $(d_{2} > d_{1})$ are the diameters of two concentric circles and $c$ is the length of a chord of the outer circle which is tangent to the inner circle,prove that $d_{2}^{2} = c^{2} + d_{1}^{2}$.