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Occurrence Questions in English
Class 12 Chemistry · General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements · Occurrence
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201
EasyMCQ
Bronze is a mixture of which metals?
A
$Cu$ and $Zn$
B
$Cu$ and $Sn$
C
$Zn$ and $Sn$
D
$Cu$,$Zn$ and $Sn$
Solution
(B) Bronze is an alloy consisting primarily of copper,usually with tin as the main additive. The composition is typically $88\% \ Cu$ and $12\% \ Sn$.
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Difficult
Explain the occurrence of elements in nature.
Solution
(N/A) Elements are found in nature in two forms: $(i)$ Native state and $(ii)$ Combined state.
$1$. Native state: Elements that are chemically inert or less reactive,such as carbon,sulphur,gold,and noble gases,occur in their free or native state.
$2$. Combined state: Most elements are highly reactive and occur in the earth's crust in the form of compounds like oxides,sulphides,carbonates,and halides.
Abundance of elements:
- Aluminium is the most abundant metal and the third most abundant element in the earth's crust ($8.3\%$ by weight). It is a major component of minerals like mica and clays. Gemstones like "Ruby" and "Sapphire" are impure forms of $Al_{2}O_{3}$ containing traces of chromium and cobalt,respectively.
- Iron is the second most abundant metal in the earth's crust and is crucial for biological systems.
Principal Ores of Important Metals:
$1$. Native state: Elements that are chemically inert or less reactive,such as carbon,sulphur,gold,and noble gases,occur in their free or native state.
$2$. Combined state: Most elements are highly reactive and occur in the earth's crust in the form of compounds like oxides,sulphides,carbonates,and halides.
Abundance of elements:
- Aluminium is the most abundant metal and the third most abundant element in the earth's crust ($8.3\%$ by weight). It is a major component of minerals like mica and clays. Gemstones like "Ruby" and "Sapphire" are impure forms of $Al_{2}O_{3}$ containing traces of chromium and cobalt,respectively.
- Iron is the second most abundant metal in the earth's crust and is crucial for biological systems.
Principal Ores of Important Metals:
| Metal | Ores and Composition |
| Aluminium | Bauxite $(AlO_{x}(OH)_{3-2x})$,Kaolinite |
| Iron | Haematite $(Fe_{2}O_{3})$,Magnetite $(Fe_{3}O_{4})$,Siderite $(FeCO_{3})$,Iron pyrites $(FeS_{2})$ |
| Copper | Copper pyrites $(CuFeS_{2})$,Malachite $(CuCO_{3}\cdot Cu(OH)_{2})$,Cuprite $(Cu_{2}O)$,Copper glance $(Cu_{2}S)$ |
| Zinc | Zinc blende $(ZnS)$,Calamine $(ZnCO_{3})$,Zincite $(ZnO)$ |
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EasyMCQ
What percentage of the Earth's crust by mass is composed of oxygen (in $\%$)?
A
$46.6$
B
$27.7$
C
$8.1$
D
$5.0$
Solution
(A) Oxygen is the most abundant element in the Earth's crust.
It constitutes approximately $46.6\%$ of the Earth's crust by mass.
Therefore,the correct option is $A$.
It constitutes approximately $46.6\%$ of the Earth's crust by mass.
Therefore,the correct option is $A$.
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MediumMCQ
Match List-$I$ and List-$II$ :
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
| List-$I$ | List-$II$ |
|---|---|
| $(a).$ Haematite | $(i).$ $Al_{2}O_{3} \cdot xH_{2}O$ |
| $(b).$ Bauxite | $(ii).$ $Fe_{2}O_{3}$ |
| $(c).$ Magnetite | $(iii).$ $CuCO_{3} \cdot Cu(OH)_{2}$ |
| $(d).$ Malachite | $(iv).$ $Fe_{3}O_{4}$ |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
A
$(a)-(ii), (b)-(iii), (c)-(i), (d)-(iv)$
B
$(a)-(iv), (b)-(i), (c)-(ii), (d)-(iii)$
C
$(a)-(i), (b)-(iii), (c)-(ii), (d)-(iv)$
D
$(a)-(ii), (b)-(i), (c)-(iv), (d)-(iii)$
Solution
(D) The correct matches are as follows:
$(a).$ Haematite is $Fe_{2}O_{3}$ $(ii)$.
$(b).$ Bauxite is $Al_{2}O_{3} \cdot xH_{2}O$ $(i)$.
$(c).$ Magnetite is $Fe_{3}O_{4}$ $(iv)$.
$(d).$ Malachite is $CuCO_{3} \cdot Cu(OH)_{2}$ $(iii)$.
Therefore,the correct sequence is $(a)-(ii), (b)-(i), (c)-(iv), (d)-(iii)$.
$(a).$ Haematite is $Fe_{2}O_{3}$ $(ii)$.
$(b).$ Bauxite is $Al_{2}O_{3} \cdot xH_{2}O$ $(i)$.
$(c).$ Magnetite is $Fe_{3}O_{4}$ $(iv)$.
$(d).$ Malachite is $CuCO_{3} \cdot Cu(OH)_{2}$ $(iii)$.
Therefore,the correct sequence is $(a)-(ii), (b)-(i), (c)-(iv), (d)-(iii)$.
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EasyMCQ
Match List-$I$ with List-$II$.
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
| List-$I$ (Ore) | List-$II$ (Element Present) |
|---|---|
| $a$. Kernite | $i$. Tin |
| $b$. Cassiterite | $ii$. Boron |
| $c$. Calamine | $iii$. Fluorine |
| $d$. Cryolite | $iv$. Zinc |
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
A
$a$ $\rightarrow i, b$ $\rightarrow iii, c$ $\rightarrow iv, d$ $\rightarrow ii$
B
$a$ $\rightarrow ii, b$ $\rightarrow i, c$ $\rightarrow iv, d$ $\rightarrow iii$
C
$a$ $\rightarrow ii, b$ $\rightarrow iv, c$ $\rightarrow i, d$ $\rightarrow iii$
D
$a$ $\rightarrow iii, b$ $\rightarrow i, c$ $\rightarrow ii, d$ $\rightarrow iv$
Solution
(B) The chemical compositions of the given ores are as follows:
$a$. Kernite: $Na_2B_4O_7 \cdot 4H_2O$ (contains Boron).
$b$. Cassiterite: $SnO_2$ (contains Tin).
$c$. Calamine: $ZnCO_3$ (contains Zinc).
$d$. Cryolite: $Na_3AlF_6$ (contains Fluorine).
Matching these with the elements in List-$II$:
$a \rightarrow ii$
$b \rightarrow i$
$c \rightarrow iv$
$d \rightarrow iii$
Therefore,the correct matching is $a$ $\rightarrow ii, b$ $\rightarrow i, c$ $\rightarrow iv, d$ $\rightarrow iii$.
$a$. Kernite: $Na_2B_4O_7 \cdot 4H_2O$ (contains Boron).
$b$. Cassiterite: $SnO_2$ (contains Tin).
$c$. Calamine: $ZnCO_3$ (contains Zinc).
$d$. Cryolite: $Na_3AlF_6$ (contains Fluorine).
Matching these with the elements in List-$II$:
$a \rightarrow ii$
$b \rightarrow i$
$c \rightarrow iv$
$d \rightarrow iii$
Therefore,the correct matching is $a$ $\rightarrow ii, b$ $\rightarrow i, c$ $\rightarrow iv, d$ $\rightarrow iii$.
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EasyMCQ
Match List-$I$ and List-$II$.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
| List-$I$ (Metal) | List-$II$ (Ores) |
|---|---|
| $a$. Aluminium | $i$. Siderite |
| $b$. Copper | $ii$. Calamine |
| $c$. Iron | $iii$. Kaolinite |
| $d$. Zinc | $iv$. Malachite |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A
$a-iv, b-iii, c-ii, d-i$
B
$a-ii, b-iv, c-i, d-iii$
C
$a-i, b-ii, c-iii, d-iv$
D
$a-iii, b-iv, c-i, d-ii$
Solution
(D) The ores are identified as follows:
$a$. Aluminium: Kaolinite $(Al_{2}(OH)_{4} \cdot Si_{2}O_{5})$
$b$. Copper: Malachite $(Cu(OH)_{2} \cdot CuCO_{3})$
$c$. Iron: Siderite $(FeCO_{3})$
$d$. Zinc: Calamine $(ZnCO_{3})$
Therefore,the correct matching is $a-iii, b-iv, c-i, d-ii$.
$a$. Aluminium: Kaolinite $(Al_{2}(OH)_{4} \cdot Si_{2}O_{5})$
$b$. Copper: Malachite $(Cu(OH)_{2} \cdot CuCO_{3})$
$c$. Iron: Siderite $(FeCO_{3})$
$d$. Zinc: Calamine $(ZnCO_{3})$
Therefore,the correct matching is $a-iii, b-iv, c-i, d-ii$.
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EasyMCQ
Match List-$I$ with List-$II$.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
| List-$I$ | List-$II$ |
| $(a)$ Siderite | $(i)$ $Cu$ |
| $(b)$ Calamine | $(ii)$ $Ca$ |
| $(c)$ Malachite | $(iii)$ $Fe$ |
| $(d)$ Cryolite | $(iv)$ $Al$ |
| $(v)$ $Zn$ |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A
$(a)$ $\rightarrow (iii), (b)$ $\rightarrow (i), (c)$ $\rightarrow (v), (d)$ $\rightarrow (ii)$
B
$(a)$ $\rightarrow (i), (b)$ $\rightarrow (ii), (c)$ $\rightarrow (v), (d)$ $\rightarrow (iii)$
C
$(a)$ $\rightarrow (iii), (b)$ $\rightarrow (v), (c)$ $\rightarrow (i), (d)$ $\rightarrow (iv)$
D
$(a)$ $\rightarrow (i), (b)$ $\rightarrow (ii), (c)$ $\rightarrow (iii), (d)$ $\rightarrow (iv)$
Solution
(C) Siderite is $FeCO_{3}$,which is an ore of $Fe$.
$(b)$ Calamine is $ZnCO_{3}$,which is an ore of $Zn$.
$(c)$ Malachite is $Cu(OH)_{2} \cdot CuCO_{3}$,which is an ore of $Cu$.
$(d)$ Cryolite is $Na_{3}AlF_{6}$,which is an ore of $Al$.
Therefore,the correct matching is: $(a)$ $\rightarrow (iii), (b)$ $\rightarrow (v), (c)$ $\rightarrow (i), (d)$ $\rightarrow (iv)$.
$(b)$ Calamine is $ZnCO_{3}$,which is an ore of $Zn$.
$(c)$ Malachite is $Cu(OH)_{2} \cdot CuCO_{3}$,which is an ore of $Cu$.
$(d)$ Cryolite is $Na_{3}AlF_{6}$,which is an ore of $Al$.
Therefore,the correct matching is: $(a)$ $\rightarrow (iii), (b)$ $\rightarrow (v), (c)$ $\rightarrow (i), (d)$ $\rightarrow (iv)$.
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EasyMCQ
Match List-$I$ with List-$II$:
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
| List-$I$ (Name of ore/mineral) | List-$II$ (Chemical formula) |
| $(a)$ Calamine | $(i)$ $ZnS$ |
| $(b)$ Malachite | $(ii)$ $FeCO_{3}$ |
| $(c)$ Siderite | $(iii)$ $ZnCO_{3}$ |
| $(d)$ Sphalerite | $(iv)$ $CuCO_{3} \cdot Cu(OH)_{2}$ |
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
A
$(a)-(iii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(ii), (d)-(i)$
B
$(a)-(iii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(i), (d)-(ii)$
C
$(a)-(iv), (b)-(iii), (c)-(i), (d)-(ii)$
D
$(a)-(iii), (b)-(ii), (c)-(iv), (d)-(i)$
Solution
(A) Calamine is $ZnCO_{3}$.
$(b)$ Malachite is $CuCO_{3} \cdot Cu(OH)_{2}$.
$(c)$ Siderite is $FeCO_{3}$.
$(d)$ Sphalerite is $ZnS$.
Therefore,the correct matching is $(a)-(iii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(ii), (d)-(i)$.
$(b)$ Malachite is $CuCO_{3} \cdot Cu(OH)_{2}$.
$(c)$ Siderite is $FeCO_{3}$.
$(d)$ Sphalerite is $ZnS$.
Therefore,the correct matching is $(a)-(iii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(ii), (d)-(i)$.
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MediumMCQ
Calamine and Malachite,respectively,are the ores of :
A
Nickel and Aluminium
B
Zinc and Copper
C
Copper and Iron
D
Aluminium and Zinc
Solution
(B) Calamine is the ore of Zinc,with the chemical formula $ZnCO_{3}$.
Malachite is the ore of Copper,with the chemical formula $Cu(OH)_{2} \cdot CuCO_{3}$.
Malachite is the ore of Copper,with the chemical formula $Cu(OH)_{2} \cdot CuCO_{3}$.
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MediumMCQ
Sulphide ion is a soft base and its ores are common for metals. Which of the following metals commonly occur as sulphide ores?
$(a)$ $Pb$ $(b)$ $Al$ $(c)$ $Ag$ $(d)$ $Mg$
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
$(a)$ $Pb$ $(b)$ $Al$ $(c)$ $Ag$ $(d)$ $Mg$
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A
$(a)$ and $(c)$ only
B
$(a)$ and $(b)$ only
C
$(a)$ and $(d)$ only
D
$(c)$ and $(d)$ only
Solution
(A) According to the Hard and Soft Acids and Bases $(HSAB)$ principle,soft bases like the sulphide ion $(S^{2-})$ prefer to bond with soft acids (metals).
$Pb$ and $Ag$ are soft acids and commonly exist in the form of sulphide ores,such as $PbS$ (galena) and $Ag_{2}S$ (argentite).
$Al$ is a hard acid and is mainly found in the form of oxide ores (e.g.,bauxite,$Al_{2}O_{3} \cdot 2H_{2}O$).
$Mg$ is a hard acid and is typically found in the form of halide or carbonate ores (e.g.,carnallite,$KCl \cdot MgCl_{2} \cdot 6H_{2}O$).
Therefore,only $(a)$ and $(c)$ form common sulphide ores.
$Pb$ and $Ag$ are soft acids and commonly exist in the form of sulphide ores,such as $PbS$ (galena) and $Ag_{2}S$ (argentite).
$Al$ is a hard acid and is mainly found in the form of oxide ores (e.g.,bauxite,$Al_{2}O_{3} \cdot 2H_{2}O$).
$Mg$ is a hard acid and is typically found in the form of halide or carbonate ores (e.g.,carnallite,$KCl \cdot MgCl_{2} \cdot 6H_{2}O$).
Therefore,only $(a)$ and $(c)$ form common sulphide ores.
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MediumMCQ
Match List-$I$ with List-$II$.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
| List-$I$ (Ores) | List-$II$ (Composition) |
| $a$. Haematite | $i$. $Fe_{3}O_{4}$ |
| $b$. Magnetite | $ii$. $ZnCO_{3}$ |
| $c$. Calamine | $iii$. $Fe_{2}O_{3}$ |
| $d$. Kaolinite | $iv$. $[Al_{2}(OH)_{4}Si_{2}O_{5}]$ |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A
$a-iii, b-i, c-ii, d-iv$
B
$a-iii, b-i, c-iv, d-ii$
C
$a-i, b-iii, c-ii, d-iv$
D
$a-i, b-ii, c-iii, d-iv$
Solution
(A) The correct matches are:
$a$. Haematite is $Fe_{2}O_{3}$ $(iii)$.
$b$. Magnetite is $Fe_{3}O_{4}$ $(i)$.
$c$. Calamine is $ZnCO_{3}$ $(ii)$.
$d$. Kaolinite is $[Al_{2}(OH)_{4}Si_{2}O_{5}]$ $(iv)$.
Therefore,the correct sequence is $a-iii, b-i, c-ii, d-iv$.
$a$. Haematite is $Fe_{2}O_{3}$ $(iii)$.
$b$. Magnetite is $Fe_{3}O_{4}$ $(i)$.
$c$. Calamine is $ZnCO_{3}$ $(ii)$.
$d$. Kaolinite is $[Al_{2}(OH)_{4}Si_{2}O_{5}]$ $(iv)$.
Therefore,the correct sequence is $a-iii, b-i, c-ii, d-iv$.
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EasyMCQ
$(a)$ Baryte,$(b)$ Galena,$(c)$ Zinc blende,and $(d)$ Copper pyrites. How many of these minerals are sulphide-based?
A
$3$
B
$2$
C
$1$
D
$4$
Solution
(A) $(1)$ Baryte: $BaSO_4$ (Sulphate ore)
$(2)$ Galena: $PbS$ (Sulphide ore)
$(3)$ Zinc blende: $ZnS$ (Sulphide ore)
$(4)$ Copper pyrites: $CuFeS_2$ (Sulphide ore)
Thus,$(2)$,$(3)$,and $(4)$ are sulphide $(S^{2-})$ based ores.
Therefore,the total number of sulphide-based minerals is $3$.
$(2)$ Galena: $PbS$ (Sulphide ore)
$(3)$ Zinc blende: $ZnS$ (Sulphide ore)
$(4)$ Copper pyrites: $CuFeS_2$ (Sulphide ore)
Thus,$(2)$,$(3)$,and $(4)$ are sulphide $(S^{2-})$ based ores.
Therefore,the total number of sulphide-based minerals is $3$.
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EasyMCQ
Match List-$I$ with List-$II$:
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
| List-$I$ | List-$II$ |
| $(a)$ Sphalerite | $(i)$ $FeCO_3$ |
| $(b)$ Calamine | $(ii)$ $PbS$ |
| $(c)$ Galena | $(iii)$ $ZnCO_3$ |
| $(d)$ Siderite | $(iv)$ $ZnS$ |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A
$(a)-iv, (b)-iii, (c)-ii, (d)-i$
B
$(a)-iv, (b)-i, (c)-ii, (d)-iii$
C
$(a)-ii, (b)-iii, (c)-i, (d)-iv$
D
$(a)-iii, (b)-iv, (c)-ii, (d)-i$
Solution
(A) The correct matches for the ores are as follows:
- Sphalerite is $ZnS$ $(iv)$.
- Calamine is $ZnCO_3$ $(iii)$.
- Galena is $PbS$ $(ii)$.
- Siderite is $FeCO_3$ $(i)$.
Therefore,the correct sequence is $(a)-iv, (b)-iii, (c)-ii, (d)-i$.
- Sphalerite is $ZnS$ $(iv)$.
- Calamine is $ZnCO_3$ $(iii)$.
- Galena is $PbS$ $(ii)$.
- Siderite is $FeCO_3$ $(i)$.
Therefore,the correct sequence is $(a)-iv, (b)-iii, (c)-ii, (d)-i$.
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MediumMCQ
Match List-$I$ with List-$II$.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
| List-$I$ | List-$II$ |
|---|---|
| $A$. Siderite | $I$. $FeCO_3$ |
| $B$. Malachite | $II$. $CuCO_3 \cdot Cu(OH)_2$ |
| $C$. Sphalerite | $III$. $ZnS$ |
| $D$. Calamine | $IV$. $ZnCO_3$ |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A
$A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV$
B
$A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I$
C
$A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II$
D
$A-I, B-II, C-IV, D-III$
Solution
(A) The correct matches for the ores are as follows:
$A$. Siderite is $FeCO_3$ $(I)$.
$B$. Malachite is $CuCO_3 \cdot Cu(OH)_2$ $(II)$.
$C$. Sphalerite is $ZnS$ $(III)$.
$D$. Calamine is $ZnCO_3$ $(IV)$.
Therefore,the correct sequence is $A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV$.
$A$. Siderite is $FeCO_3$ $(I)$.
$B$. Malachite is $CuCO_3 \cdot Cu(OH)_2$ $(II)$.
$C$. Sphalerite is $ZnS$ $(III)$.
$D$. Calamine is $ZnCO_3$ $(IV)$.
Therefore,the correct sequence is $A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV$.
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EasyMCQ
The metal that is not extracted from its sulphide ore is:
A
Aluminium
B
Iron
C
Lead
D
Zinc
Solution
(A) The metal $Al$ is extracted from its oxide ore,Bauxite $(Al_{2}O_{3} \cdot 2H_{2}O)$.
Iron is typically extracted from haematite $(Fe_{2}O_{3})$ or magnetite $(Fe_{3}O_{4})$,but it is also found as iron pyrites $(FeS_{2})$.
Lead is extracted from galena $(PbS)$.
Zinc is extracted from zinc blende $(ZnS)$.
Therefore,$Al$ is the correct answer as it is not extracted from a sulphide ore.
Iron is typically extracted from haematite $(Fe_{2}O_{3})$ or magnetite $(Fe_{3}O_{4})$,but it is also found as iron pyrites $(FeS_{2})$.
Lead is extracted from galena $(PbS)$.
Zinc is extracted from zinc blende $(ZnS)$.
Therefore,$Al$ is the correct answer as it is not extracted from a sulphide ore.
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MediumMCQ
Among the following ores: Bauxite,Siderite,Cuprite,Calamine,Haematite,Kaolinite,Malachite,Magnetite,Sphalerite,Limonite,Cryolite,the number of principal ores of iron is $......$
A
$3$
B
$2$
C
$4$
D
$0$
Solution
(C) The principal ores of iron are those from which iron is commercially extracted. From the given list,the iron ores are:
$1$. Siderite $(FeCO_3)$
$2$. Haematite $(Fe_2O_3)$
$3$. Magnetite $(Fe_3O_4)$
$4$. Limonite $(Fe_2O_3 \cdot 3H_2O)$
Thus,there are $4$ principal ores of iron.
$1$. Siderite $(FeCO_3)$
$2$. Haematite $(Fe_2O_3)$
$3$. Magnetite $(Fe_3O_4)$
$4$. Limonite $(Fe_2O_3 \cdot 3H_2O)$
Thus,there are $4$ principal ores of iron.
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View Solution217
MediumMCQ
The major component of which of the following ores is a sulphide-based mineral?
A
Calamine
B
Siderite
C
Sphalerite
D
Malachite
Solution
(C) The chemical compositions of the given ores are as follows:
$Calamine: ZnCO_3$ (Carbonate ore)
$Siderite: FeCO_3$ (Carbonate ore)
$Sphalerite: ZnS$ (Sulphide ore)
$Malachite: CuCO_3 \cdot Cu(OH)_2$ (Carbonate/Hydroxide ore)
Therefore,the major component of $Sphalerite$ is a sulphide-based mineral.
$Calamine: ZnCO_3$ (Carbonate ore)
$Siderite: FeCO_3$ (Carbonate ore)
$Sphalerite: ZnS$ (Sulphide ore)
$Malachite: CuCO_3 \cdot Cu(OH)_2$ (Carbonate/Hydroxide ore)
Therefore,the major component of $Sphalerite$ is a sulphide-based mineral.
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View Solution218
EasyMCQ
Calamine,malachite,magnetite and cryolite,respectively are
A
$ZnSO_4, CuCO_3, Fe_2O_3, AlF_3$
B
$ZnCO_3, CuCO_3 \cdot Cu(OH)_2, Fe_3O_4, Na_3AlF_6$
C
$ZnSO_4, Cu(OH)_2, Fe_3O_4, Na_3AlF_6$
D
$ZnCO_3, CuCO_3, Fe_2O_3, Na_3AlF_6$
Solution
(B) The chemical formulas for the given ores are as follows:
Therefore,the correct option is $B$.
| Ore | Formula |
| Calamine | $ZnCO_3$ |
| Malachite | $CuCO_3 \cdot Cu(OH)_2$ |
| Magnetite | $Fe_3O_4$ |
| Cryolite | $Na_3AlF_6$ |
Therefore,the correct option is $B$.
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View Solution219
MediumMCQ
Match the anionic species given in Column $I$ that are present in the ore$(s)$ given in Column $II$.
| Column $I$ | Column $II$ |
|---|---|
| $A$. Carbonate | $P$. Siderite |
| $B$. Sulphide | $Q$. Malachite |
| $C$. Hydroxide | $R$. Bauxite |
| $D$. Oxide | $S$. Calamine |
| $T$. Argentite |
A
$A$ $\rightarrow (P, Q, S); B$ $\rightarrow (T); C$ $\rightarrow (Q, R); D$ $\rightarrow (R)$
B
$A$ $\rightarrow (P, R, S); B$ $\rightarrow (S); C$ $\rightarrow (Q, S); D$ $\rightarrow (S)$
C
$A$ $\rightarrow (P, Q, R); B$ $\rightarrow (P); C$ $\rightarrow (P, R); D$ $\rightarrow (P)$
D
$A$ $\rightarrow (Q, R, T); B$ $\rightarrow (T); C$ $\rightarrow (R, T); D$ $\rightarrow (T)$
Solution
(A) The chemical formulas for the given ores are:
Matching the anions:
$A$ (Carbonate): $P, Q, S$
$B$ (Sulphide): $T$
$C$ (Hydroxide): $Q, R$
$D$ (Oxide): $R$
Thus,the correct option is $A$.
| Siderite $(P)$ | $FeCO_3$ (Carbonate) |
| Malachite $(Q)$ | $CuCO_3 \cdot Cu(OH)_2$ (Carbonate,Hydroxide) |
| Bauxite $(R)$ | $AlO_x(OH)_{3-2x}$ (Oxide,Hydroxide) |
| Calamine $(S)$ | $ZnCO_3$ (Carbonate) |
| Argentite $(T)$ | $Ag_2S$ (Sulphide) |
Matching the anions:
$A$ (Carbonate): $P, Q, S$
$B$ (Sulphide): $T$
$C$ (Hydroxide): $Q, R$
$D$ (Oxide): $R$
Thus,the correct option is $A$.
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EasyMCQ
Identify elements present in copper pyrites.
A
$Cu, K, S$
B
$Mg, Cu, P$
C
$Ca, S, O$
D
$Fe, Cu, S$
Solution
(D) The chemical formula for copper pyrites is $CuFeS_2$.
Thus,the elements present in copper pyrites are Copper $(Cu)$,Iron $(Fe)$,and Sulfur $(S)$.
Thus,the elements present in copper pyrites are Copper $(Cu)$,Iron $(Fe)$,and Sulfur $(S)$.
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EasyMCQ
Identify a mineral of zinc from the following.
A
Siderite
B
Calamine
C
Chalcocite
D
Limonite
Solution
(B) The minerals and their chemical formulas are as follows:
$A$. Siderite: $FeCO_3$
$B$. Calamine: $ZnCO_3$
$C$. Chalcocite: $Cu_2S$
$D$. Limonite: $2Fe_2O_3 \cdot 3H_2O$
Among the given options,Calamine $(ZnCO_3)$ is a mineral of zinc.
$A$. Siderite: $FeCO_3$
$B$. Calamine: $ZnCO_3$
$C$. Chalcocite: $Cu_2S$
$D$. Limonite: $2Fe_2O_3 \cdot 3H_2O$
Among the given options,Calamine $(ZnCO_3)$ is a mineral of zinc.
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View Solution222
MediumMCQ
Which of the following is a mineral of copper?
A
Chalcopyrite
B
Zincite
C
Limonite
D
Siderite
Solution
(A) The mineral $CuFeS_2$ is known as Chalcopyrite,which is a major ore of copper.
$Zincite$ is an ore of zinc $(ZnO)$.
$Limonite$ is an ore of iron $(Fe_2O_3 \cdot 3H_2O)$.
$Siderite$ is an ore of iron $(FeCO_3)$.
$Zincite$ is an ore of zinc $(ZnO)$.
$Limonite$ is an ore of iron $(Fe_2O_3 \cdot 3H_2O)$.
$Siderite$ is an ore of iron $(FeCO_3)$.
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EasyMCQ
What different elements are found in baryte?
A
$Ca, S, O$
B
$Zn, S, O$
C
$Ba, S, O$
D
$Mg, S, H, O$
Solution
(C) The chemical formula of baryte is $BaSO_4$.
Therefore,it consists of the elements Barium $(Ba)$,Sulfur $(S)$,and Oxygen $(O)$.
Therefore,it consists of the elements Barium $(Ba)$,Sulfur $(S)$,and Oxygen $(O)$.
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EasyMCQ
Identify the correct pair of minerals and their formulas from the following.
A
$Baryte$ - $MgSO_4 \cdot 7 H_2 O$
B
$Cryolite$ - $Na_3 AlF_6$
C
$Galena$ - $ZnS$
D
$Epsom$ salt - $CaSO_4 \cdot 2 H_2 O$
Solution
(B) $Baryte$ is $BaSO_4$.
$Cryolite$ is $Na_3 AlF_6$.
$Galena$ is $PbS$.
$Epsom$ salt is $MgSO_4 \cdot 7 H_2 O$.
Therefore,the correct pair is $Cryolite$ - $Na_3 AlF_6$.
$Cryolite$ is $Na_3 AlF_6$.
$Galena$ is $PbS$.
$Epsom$ salt is $MgSO_4 \cdot 7 H_2 O$.
Therefore,the correct pair is $Cryolite$ - $Na_3 AlF_6$.
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EasyMCQ
Identify the mineral of aluminium from the following:
A
Diaspore
B
Limonite
C
Azurite
D
Chalcopyrite
Solution
(A) The mineral of aluminium among the given options is $Diaspore$.
$Diaspore$ is an aluminium oxide hydroxide mineral with the chemical formula $\alpha-AlO(OH)$.
$Limonite$ is an iron ore,$Azurite$ is a copper mineral,and $Chalcopyrite$ is a copper iron sulfide mineral.
$Diaspore$ is an aluminium oxide hydroxide mineral with the chemical formula $\alpha-AlO(OH)$.
$Limonite$ is an iron ore,$Azurite$ is a copper mineral,and $Chalcopyrite$ is a copper iron sulfide mineral.
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EasyMCQ
What is the formula of calamine?
A
$ZnCO_{3}$
B
$MgCO_{3}, CaCO_{3}$
C
$Fe_{2}O_{3}$
D
$FeCO_{3}$
Solution
(A) Calamine is an ore of zinc.
It is zinc carbonate with the chemical formula $ZnCO_{3}$.
It is zinc carbonate with the chemical formula $ZnCO_{3}$.
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EasyMCQ
What is the formula of pyrolusite ore?
A
$PbCrO_{4}$
B
$Cu_{2}O$
C
$Cr_{2}O_{3}$
D
$MnO_{2}$
Solution
(D) Pyrolusite is a mineral consisting essentially of manganese dioxide $(MnO_{2})$.
It is the most important ore of manganese.
It is the most important ore of manganese.
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EasyMCQ
Which of the following alloys contains $Al$,$Cu$,$Mg$,and $Mn$?
A
Babbitt metal
B
Stainless steel
C
Spiegeleisen
D
Duralumin
Solution
(D) .
Duralumin is an alloy,which is a trade name for the earliest types of age-hardenable aluminum alloys.
It is composed of approximately $90 \% \ Al$,$4 \% \ Cu$,$1 \% \ Mg$,and $0.5 \% - 1 \% \ Mn$.
It is known for being a very hard and lightweight alloy.
Therefore,option $D$ is correct.
Duralumin is an alloy,which is a trade name for the earliest types of age-hardenable aluminum alloys.
It is composed of approximately $90 \% \ Al$,$4 \% \ Cu$,$1 \% \ Mg$,and $0.5 \% - 1 \% \ Mn$.
It is known for being a very hard and lightweight alloy.
Therefore,option $D$ is correct.
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EasyMCQ
Which among the following sets of elements is present in chalcopyrite?
A
$Fe, S$
B
$Al, O$
C
$Al, Fe, O$
D
$Cu, Fe, S$
Solution
(D) The chemical formula for chalcopyrite is $CuFeS_{2}$.
It is a copper iron sulphide mineral.
Therefore,the elements present in chalcopyrite are $Cu$,$Fe$,and $S$.
It is a copper iron sulphide mineral.
Therefore,the elements present in chalcopyrite are $Cu$,$Fe$,and $S$.
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EasyMCQ
Identify the mineral from the following that contains aluminium.
A
Magnesite
B
Haematite
C
Cryolite
D
Siderite
Solution
(C) The chemical name of cryolite is sodium hexafluoroaluminate and its chemical formula is $Na_{3}AlF_{6}$.
It is a halide mineral that contains aluminium.
Magnesite is $MgCO_{3}$,Haematite is $Fe_{2}O_{3}$,and Siderite is $FeCO_{3}$.
Cryolite is used as a solvent for bauxite in the electrolytic production of aluminium.
It is a halide mineral that contains aluminium.
Magnesite is $MgCO_{3}$,Haematite is $Fe_{2}O_{3}$,and Siderite is $FeCO_{3}$.
Cryolite is used as a solvent for bauxite in the electrolytic production of aluminium.
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EasyMCQ
Which among the following is a mineral of copper?
A
Carnotite
B
Azurite
C
Pyrolusite
D
Chromite
Solution
(B) Azurite is a soft,deep-blue copper mineral with the chemical formula $Cu_3(CO_3)_2(OH)_2$.
It is produced by the weathering of copper ore deposits.
Carnotite is an ore of uranium,Pyrolusite is an ore of manganese $(MnO_2)$,and Chromite is an ore of chromium $(FeCr_2O_4)$.
It is produced by the weathering of copper ore deposits.
Carnotite is an ore of uranium,Pyrolusite is an ore of manganese $(MnO_2)$,and Chromite is an ore of chromium $(FeCr_2O_4)$.
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View Solution232
EasyMCQ
Which of the following is not a mineral of iron?
A
Limonite
B
Magnetite
C
Corundum
D
Haematite
Solution
(C) Key Idea: Corundum is not a mineral of iron. It is a crystalline form of aluminium oxide $(Al_2O_3)$ typically containing traces of $Fe$,$Ti$,$V$,and $Cr$. Limonite,magnetite,and haematite are common minerals of iron. The molecular formulas of the given minerals are provided below:
| Name | Formula |
|---|---|
| Limonite | $Fe(OH)_3 \cdot nH_2O$ |
| Magnetite | $Fe_3O_4$ |
| Corundum | $Al_2O_3$ |
| Haematite | $Fe_2O_3$ |
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View Solution233
EasyMCQ
Which among the following is $NOT$ a mineral of iron?
A
Haematite
B
Magnesite
C
Magnetite
D
Siderite
Solution
(B) Magnesite is $MgCO_3$.
It is a mineral of Magnesium,not iron.
Haematite $(Fe_2O_3)$,Magnetite $(Fe_3O_4)$,and Siderite $(FeCO_3)$ are minerals of iron.
It is a mineral of Magnesium,not iron.
Haematite $(Fe_2O_3)$,Magnetite $(Fe_3O_4)$,and Siderite $(FeCO_3)$ are minerals of iron.
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EasyMCQ
Fool's gold is
A
$Cu_{2}S$
B
$FeS_{2}$
C
$Al_{2}O_{5}$
D
$CuFeS_{2}$
Solution
(B) Iron pyrite,$FeS_{2}$,is commonly known as fool's gold due to its metallic luster and pale brass-yellow hue,which resembles gold.
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View Solution235
EasyMCQ
Which of the following is not an iron ore?
A
Malachite
B
Haematite
C
Siderite
D
Limonite
Solution
(A) The ores of iron are:
$1$. Haematite: $Fe_2O_3$
$2$. Siderite: $FeCO_3$
$3$. Limonite: $Fe_2O_3 \cdot 3H_2O$
Malachite is an ore of copper with the formula $CuCO_3 \cdot Cu(OH)_2$.
Therefore,malachite is not an iron ore.
$1$. Haematite: $Fe_2O_3$
$2$. Siderite: $FeCO_3$
$3$. Limonite: $Fe_2O_3 \cdot 3H_2O$
Malachite is an ore of copper with the formula $CuCO_3 \cdot Cu(OH)_2$.
Therefore,malachite is not an iron ore.
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View Solution236
DifficultMCQ
Willemite is
A
$Zn_{2}SiO_{4}$
B
$H_{2}PtCl_{6}$
C
$ZnO$
D
$ZnFe_{2}O_{4}$
Solution
(A) Willemite is a rare zinc silicate mineral with the chemical formula $Zn_{2}SiO_{4}$.
It exhibits trigonal symmetry and is known for its strong green fluorescence under ultraviolet light.
It exhibits trigonal symmetry and is known for its strong green fluorescence under ultraviolet light.
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DifficultMCQ
Calamine is
A
$CaCO_{3}$
B
$MgCO_{3}$
C
$ZnCO_{3}$
D
$CaCO_{3} + CaO$
Solution
(C) Calamine is the carbonate ore of zinc,represented by the chemical formula $ZnCO_{3}$.
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View Solution238
EasyMCQ
Which of the following formulas represents galena?
A
$CaSO_4 \cdot 2 H_2 O$
B
$PbS$
C
$ZnS$
D
$BaSO_4$
Solution
(B) Galena is a naturally occurring mineral form of lead$(II)$ sulfide.
Its chemical formula is $PbS$.
Its chemical formula is $PbS$.
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EasyMCQ
Which among the following is a mineral of sulphur?
A
Fluorapatite
B
Carnalite
C
Cinnabar
D
Sylvine
Solution
(C) Cinnabar $(HgS)$ is a mineral of sulphur and mercury.
It is the most common ore of mercury.
Fluorapatite is a phosphate mineral,Carnalite is a potassium magnesium chloride mineral,and Sylvine is a potassium chloride mineral.
It is the most common ore of mercury.
Fluorapatite is a phosphate mineral,Carnalite is a potassium magnesium chloride mineral,and Sylvine is a potassium chloride mineral.
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EasyMCQ
The oxidation state of copper is $ +1 $ in which of the following?
A
Azurite
B
Chalcopyrite
C
Malachite
D
Cuprite
Solution
(D) The oxidation state of copper in the given ores is as follows:
$1$. Azurite: $Cu_3(CO_3)_2(OH)_2$ (Copper is in $ +2 $ state)
$2$. Chalcopyrite: $CuFeS_2$ (Copper is in $ +2 $ state)
$3$. Malachite: $CuCO_3 \cdot Cu(OH)_2$ (Copper is in $ +2 $ state)
$4$. Cuprite: $Cu_2O$ (Copper is in $ +1 $ state)
Therefore,the correct option is $D$.
$1$. Azurite: $Cu_3(CO_3)_2(OH)_2$ (Copper is in $ +2 $ state)
$2$. Chalcopyrite: $CuFeS_2$ (Copper is in $ +2 $ state)
$3$. Malachite: $CuCO_3 \cdot Cu(OH)_2$ (Copper is in $ +2 $ state)
$4$. Cuprite: $Cu_2O$ (Copper is in $ +1 $ state)
Therefore,the correct option is $D$.
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View Solution241
MediumMCQ
The common impurity present in bauxite is
A
$CuO$
B
$ZnO$
C
$Fe_{2}O_{3}$
D
$Cr_{2}O_{3}$
Solution
(C) Bauxite $(AlO_{x}(OH)_{3-2x})$ is the principal ore of aluminum.
It typically contains impurities such as silica $(SiO_{2})$,iron oxides $(Fe_{2}O_{3})$,and titania $(TiO_{2})$.
It typically contains impurities such as silica $(SiO_{2})$,iron oxides $(Fe_{2}O_{3})$,and titania $(TiO_{2})$.
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View Solution242
EasyMCQ
Identify the ore that does not contain iron.
A
Limonite
B
Siderite
C
Carnallite
D
Chalcopyrites
Solution
(C) The chemical formulas for the given ores are:
$1$. Limonite: $Fe_{2}O_{3} \cdot 3H_{2}O$ (Contains iron)
$2$. Siderite: $FeCO_{3}$ (Contains iron)
$3$. Carnallite: $KCl \cdot MgCl_{2} \cdot 6H_{2}O$ (Does not contain iron)
$4$. Chalcopyrites: $CuFeS_{2}$ (Contains iron)
Therefore,Carnallite is the ore that does not contain iron.
$1$. Limonite: $Fe_{2}O_{3} \cdot 3H_{2}O$ (Contains iron)
$2$. Siderite: $FeCO_{3}$ (Contains iron)
$3$. Carnallite: $KCl \cdot MgCl_{2} \cdot 6H_{2}O$ (Does not contain iron)
$4$. Chalcopyrites: $CuFeS_{2}$ (Contains iron)
Therefore,Carnallite is the ore that does not contain iron.
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EasyMCQ
Kaolinite,a form of clay,is the ore of metal $x$ and malachite is the ore of metal $y$. $x$ and $y$ respectively are:
A
$Cu, Zn$
B
$K, Cu$
C
$Al, Cu$
D
$Zn, Al$
Solution
(C) Kaolinite is a clay mineral with the chemical formula $Al_2Si_2O_5(OH)_4$. It is an ore of Aluminum $(Al)$.
Malachite is a copper carbonate hydroxide mineral with the chemical formula $Cu_2CO_3(OH)_2$. It is an ore of Copper $(Cu)$.
Therefore,$x = Al$ and $y = Cu$.
Malachite is a copper carbonate hydroxide mineral with the chemical formula $Cu_2CO_3(OH)_2$. It is an ore of Copper $(Cu)$.
Therefore,$x = Al$ and $y = Cu$.
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EasyMCQ
Which of the following are carbonate ores?
$I$. Siderite
$II$. Kaolinite
$III$. Calamine
$IV$. Sphalerite
$I$. Siderite
$II$. Kaolinite
$III$. Calamine
$IV$. Sphalerite
A
$I, II$ only
B
$II, III$ only
C
$I, III$ only
D
$II, IV$ only
Solution
(C) The chemical formulas for the given ores are:
$I$. Siderite: $FeCO_3$ (Carbonate ore)
$II$. Kaolinite: $Al_2Si_2O_5(OH)_4$ (Silicate ore)
$III$. Calamine: $ZnCO_3$ (Carbonate ore)
$IV$. Sphalerite: $ZnS$ (Sulphide ore)
Therefore,Siderite and Calamine are carbonate ores.
The correct option is $C$.
$I$. Siderite: $FeCO_3$ (Carbonate ore)
$II$. Kaolinite: $Al_2Si_2O_5(OH)_4$ (Silicate ore)
$III$. Calamine: $ZnCO_3$ (Carbonate ore)
$IV$. Sphalerite: $ZnS$ (Sulphide ore)
Therefore,Siderite and Calamine are carbonate ores.
The correct option is $C$.
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EasyMCQ
Which one of the following sets is not correctly matched?
A
Cuprite,haematite - oxide ores
B
Calamine,siderite - carbonate ores
C
Magnetite,malachite - silicate ores
D
Sphalerite,fool's gold - sulphide ores
Solution
(C) Let us analyze the given options based on the chemical composition of the ores:
$A$. Cuprite $(Cu_2O)$ and haematite $(Fe_2O_3)$ are both oxide ores. This is correctly matched.
$B$. Calamine $(ZnCO_3)$ and siderite $(FeCO_3)$ are both carbonate ores. This is correctly matched.
$C$. Magnetite $(Fe_3O_4)$ is an oxide ore,and malachite $(CuCO_3 \cdot Cu(OH)_2)$ is a carbonate ore. Neither is a silicate ore. This is not correctly matched.
$D$. Sphalerite $(ZnS)$ and fool's gold (pyrite,$FeS_2$) are both sulphide ores. This is correctly matched.
Therefore,the set that is not correctly matched is $C$.
$A$. Cuprite $(Cu_2O)$ and haematite $(Fe_2O_3)$ are both oxide ores. This is correctly matched.
$B$. Calamine $(ZnCO_3)$ and siderite $(FeCO_3)$ are both carbonate ores. This is correctly matched.
$C$. Magnetite $(Fe_3O_4)$ is an oxide ore,and malachite $(CuCO_3 \cdot Cu(OH)_2)$ is a carbonate ore. Neither is a silicate ore. This is not correctly matched.
$D$. Sphalerite $(ZnS)$ and fool's gold (pyrite,$FeS_2$) are both sulphide ores. This is correctly matched.
Therefore,the set that is not correctly matched is $C$.
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EasyMCQ
Calamine,bauxite,malachite and siderite respectively are ores of .........
A
$Zn, Al, Cu, Fe$
B
$Cu, Al, Zn, Fe$
C
$Zn, Al, Fe, Cu$
D
$Al, Fe, Zn, Cu$
Solution
(A) Calamine $(ZnCO_3)$ is the ore of $Zn$.
Bauxite $(AlO_x(OH)_{3-2x})$ is the ore of $Al$ (where $0 < x < 1$).
Malachite $(CuCO_3 \cdot Cu(OH)_2)$ is the ore of $Cu$.
Siderite $(FeCO_3)$ is the ore of $Fe$.
Therefore,the correct sequence is $Zn, Al, Cu, Fe$.
Bauxite $(AlO_x(OH)_{3-2x})$ is the ore of $Al$ (where $0 < x < 1$).
Malachite $(CuCO_3 \cdot Cu(OH)_2)$ is the ore of $Cu$.
Siderite $(FeCO_3)$ is the ore of $Fe$.
Therefore,the correct sequence is $Zn, Al, Cu, Fe$.
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EasyMCQ
Which of the following are carbonate ores?
$I$. Magnetite
$II$. Kaolinite
$III$. Siderite
$IV$. Calamine
$I$. Magnetite
$II$. Kaolinite
$III$. Siderite
$IV$. Calamine
A
$I, II, III$
B
$II, III, IV$
C
$I, II$ only
D
$III, IV$ only
Solution
(D) The chemical formulas for the given ores are:
$(I)$ Magnetite: $Fe_3O_4$ (Oxide ore)
$(II)$ Kaolinite: $Al_2Si_2O_5(OH)_4$ (Silicate ore)
$(III)$ Siderite: $FeCO_3$ (Carbonate ore)
$(IV)$ Calamine: $ZnCO_3$ (Carbonate ore)
Since both Siderite and Calamine contain the carbonate group $(CO_3^{2-})$,they are classified as carbonate ores.
Therefore,the correct option is $(D)$.
$(I)$ Magnetite: $Fe_3O_4$ (Oxide ore)
$(II)$ Kaolinite: $Al_2Si_2O_5(OH)_4$ (Silicate ore)
$(III)$ Siderite: $FeCO_3$ (Carbonate ore)
$(IV)$ Calamine: $ZnCO_3$ (Carbonate ore)
Since both Siderite and Calamine contain the carbonate group $(CO_3^{2-})$,they are classified as carbonate ores.
Therefore,the correct option is $(D)$.
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View Solution248
EasyMCQ
Match the following items in List-$I$ with their corresponding formulas in List-$II$.
| $A$. Feldspar | $I$. $[Ag_3SbS_3]$ |
| $B$. Asbestos | $II$. $Al_2O_3 \cdot H_2O$ |
| $C$. Pyrargyrite | $III$. $MgSO_4 \cdot H_2O$ |
| $D$. Diaspore | $IV$. $KAlSi_3O_8$ |
| $V$. $CaMg_3(SiO_3)_4$ |
A
$IV, V, II, I$
B
$IV, V, I, II$
C
$IV, I, III, II$
D
$II, V, IV, I$
Solution
(B) The correct matches are as follows:
$(A)$ Feldspar is $KAlSi_3O_8$ $(IV)$.
$(B)$ Asbestos is $CaMg_3(SiO_3)_4$ $(V)$.
$(C)$ Pyrargyrite is $[Ag_3SbS_3]$ $(I)$.
$(D)$ Diaspore is $Al_2O_3 \cdot H_2O$ $(II)$.
Therefore,the correct sequence is $A-IV, B-V, C-I, D-II$.
$(A)$ Feldspar is $KAlSi_3O_8$ $(IV)$.
$(B)$ Asbestos is $CaMg_3(SiO_3)_4$ $(V)$.
$(C)$ Pyrargyrite is $[Ag_3SbS_3]$ $(I)$.
$(D)$ Diaspore is $Al_2O_3 \cdot H_2O$ $(II)$.
Therefore,the correct sequence is $A-IV, B-V, C-I, D-II$.
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View Solution249
EasyMCQ
Which of the following is a carbonate ore?
A
Cuprite
B
Siderite
C
Zincite
D
Bauxite
Solution
(B) The chemical formula for Siderite is $FeCO_3$,which is an iron carbonate ore.
Cuprite is $Cu_2O$ (oxide ore).
Zincite is $ZnO$ (oxide ore).
Bauxite is $AlO_x(OH)_{3-2x}$ (oxide/hydroxide ore).
Therefore,the correct option is $B$.
Cuprite is $Cu_2O$ (oxide ore).
Zincite is $ZnO$ (oxide ore).
Bauxite is $AlO_x(OH)_{3-2x}$ (oxide/hydroxide ore).
Therefore,the correct option is $B$.
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View SolutionGeneral Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements — Occurrence · Frequently Asked Questions
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