Write and explain three states of matter.

(N/A) Matter is composed of atoms or molecules. Atoms can be observed using an electron microscope or a scanning tunneling microscope. The dimension of an atom is of the order of $10^{-10} \; m$.
The three states of matter are solid,liquid,and gas.
$1$. Solids: In solids,atoms are closely packed,and the distance between two atoms is of the order of $2 \; \mathring{A}$. Due to the proximity of atoms,interatomic forces are strong,preventing free movement.
$2$. Liquids: In liquids,atoms are not as rigidly fixed as in solids. Atoms can move around,which allows liquids to flow. Like solids,atoms in liquids are very close to each other,resulting in significant interatomic forces.
$3$. Gases: In gases,the interatomic distance is large,typically of the order of $10 \; \mathring{A}$. Consequently,interatomic forces are very weak,and atoms are free to move independently in any direction. Gases do not remain in an open container and will disperse. Gas behavior is characterized by dynamic equilibrium,where molecules collide and change speeds,while their average properties remain constant. The average distance a molecule travels without colliding is called the mean free path,which is of the order of $10^{3} \; \mathring{A}$.