Which one of the following conditions in humans is correctly matched with its chromosomal abnormality/linkage?

In which genetic condition, each cell in the affected person, has three sex chromosomes $XXY$ ?

Turner's syndrome is

Give differences : Mendelian disorders and Chromosomal disorders
 

Match list I with List $II$ and select the correct answer using code given below

List $I$ $(syndrome)$

$(1)$ Patau’s syndrome

$(2)$ Kline-Felter’s syndrome

$(3)$ Down’s syndrome

$(4)$ Turner’s syndrome

List $II$ $(Chromosomal\, abnormality)$

$(A)$ $44 + XXY = 47$

$(B)$ $44 + X = 45$

$(C)$ $46 + 1 = 47$, Chromosome $13^{th}$

$(D)$ $46 + 1 = 47$, Chromosome $21^{st}$ Code

When the chromosome number of a given organism has one additional chromosome in one of the homologous pairs, the addition is known as