Which of the following is most acidic?

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(D) The acidity of a compound depends on the stability of its conjugate base. $CCl_3COOH$ is a carboxylic acid with three highly electronegative chlor

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$CCl_3COOH$

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(D) The acidity of a compound depends on the stability of its conjugate base. $CCl_3COOH$ is a carboxylic acid with three highly electronegative chlorine atoms attached to the alpha carbon. These chlorine atoms exert a strong electron-withdrawing inductive effect ($-I$ effect),which stabilizes the carboxylate anion $(RCOO^-)$ significantly more than the electron-donating methyl group in $CH_3COOH$ or the hydrogen atom in $HCOOH$. While $p-Nitrophenol$ is acidic due to the resonance stabilization of the phenoxide ion by the $-NO_2$ group,$CCl_3COOH$ is a much stronger acid because the inductive effect of three chlorine atoms is very powerful in stabilizing the negative charge on the carboxylate group. Therefore,$CCl_3COOH$ is the most acidic among the given options.

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