Identify $X$ and $Y$ in the following reactions:

Propanoic acid undergoes the $HVZ$ reaction to give $2-$chloropropanoic acid. The product obtained is:

$A$ liquid was mixed with ethanol and a drop of concentrated $H_2SO_4$ was added. $A$ compound with a fruity smell was formed. The liquid was :

Identify the products '$X$' and '$Y$' in the following chemical reaction sequence: $C_6H_5CH_2MgBr \xrightarrow[(ii) H_3O^+]{(i) CO_2/ether} 'X' \xrightarrow{NaOH + CaO, \Delta} 'Y'$

Statement-$I$: Most carboxylic acids exist as dimers in vapour phase or in aprotic solvents due to intermolecular hydrogen bonding.
Statement-$II$: Higher carboxylic acids are practically insoluble in water due to the increased hydrophobic interaction of the hydrocarbon part.

Order of acidity of benzoic acid $(I)$,$4-$methoxybenzoic acid $(II)$,acetic acid $(III)$ and $4-$nitrobenzoic acid $(IV)$ is