What is meant by hybridisation of atomic orbitals? Describe the shapes of $sp$,$sp^{2}$,$sp^{3}$ hybrid orbitals.

Vedclass pdf generator app on play store
Vedclass iOS app on app store
(N/A) Hybridization is defined as the process of intermixing of atomic orbitals of slightly different energies,thereby forming a new set of orbitals having equivalent energies and shapes.
$1$. Shape of $sp$ hybrid orbitals: $sp$ hybrid orbitals are formed by the intermixing of one $s$ and one $p$ orbital. They have a linear shape with a bond angle of $180^{\circ}$.
$2$. Shape of $sp^{2}$ hybrid orbitals: $sp^{2}$ hybrid orbitals are formed by the intermixing of one $s$ and two $p$ orbitals. They are oriented in a trigonal planar arrangement with bond angles of $120^{\circ}$.
$3$. Shape of $sp^{3}$ hybrid orbitals: $sp^{3}$ hybrid orbitals are formed by the intermixing of one $s$ and three $p$ orbitals. They are arranged in a tetrahedral geometry with bond angles of $109.5^{\circ}$.

Explore More

Similar Questions

What will be the $\% d$ character in $I_3^-$,according to hybridisation (in $\%$)?

Which of the following processes involves a change in bond angle along with a change in hybridization?

Difficult
View Solution

Match the following:
| List-$I$ (Molecule/ion) | List-$II$ (Hybridisation) |
| :--- | :--- |
| $(A)$ $ICl_4^-$ | $(P)$ $sp^3$ |
| $(B)$ $NO_3^-$ | $(Q)$ $sp^3d$ |
| $(C)$ $PCl_4^+$ | $(R)$ $sp^3d^2$ |
| $(D)$ $SiF_6^{2-}$ | $(S)$ $sp^2$ |
| | $(T)$ $sp$ |

The hybridization of $IF_7$ is

Explain the formation of four sigma bonds by $sp^3$ hybrid orbitals with an example.

Difficult
View Solution

Vedclass Products

For Students

Vedclass Test Series

Mock tests in real JEE/NEET style with performance analysis. 5-day free trial.

Start Free Trial
For Teachers

Exam Paper Generator

Generate Set A/B/C/D exam papers from 7.5L+ questions in 2 minutes. 3 chapters free.

Try Free
For Institutes

Online Exam Module

Live online exams with unlimited students, 360° analytics & white-label branding.

See Demo