What are polar and non-polar molecules ? Give their examples.
What are polar and non-polar molecules ? Give their examples.
The molecules in which the centres of positive charges and of negative charges lie at the same place, therefore, their dipole moment is zero are called non-polar molecule. $\mathrm{CO}_{2}$ and $\mathrm{CH}_{4}$ are examples.
They develop a dipole moment when an electric field is applied.
But in some molecules, the centres of negative charges and of positive charges do not coincide. Therefore they have a permanent electric dipole moment even in the absence of an electric field. Such molecules are called polar molecules. $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}, \mathrm{HCl}$ are examples.
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