Two identical charged spheres of material density $\rho$,suspended from the same point by inextensible strings of equal length,make an angle $\theta$ between the strings. When suspended in a liquid of density $\sigma$,the angle $\theta$ remains the same. The dielectric constant $K$ of the liquid is

Answer the following:
$(a)$ The top of the atmosphere is at about $400 \; kV$ with respect to the surface of the earth,corresponding to an electric field that decreases with altitude. Near the surface of the earth,the field is about $100 \; Vm^{-1}$. Why then do we not get an electric shock as we step out of our house into the open? (Assume the house to be a steel cage so there is no field inside!)
$(b)$ $A$ man fixes outside his house one evening a two-metre-high insulating slab carrying on its top a large aluminium sheet of area $1 \; m^2$. Will he get an electric shock if he touches the metal sheet next morning?
$(c)$ The discharging current in the atmosphere due to the small conductivity of air is known to be $1800 \; A$ on an average over the globe. Why then does the atmosphere not discharge itself completely in due course and become electrically neutral? In other words,what keeps the atmosphere charged?
$(d)$ What are the forms of energy into which the electrical energy of the atmosphere is dissipated during lightning?

An oil drop carries six electronic charges,has a mass of $1.6 \times 10^{-12} \text{ g}$ and falls with a terminal velocity in air. The magnitude of the vertical electric field required to make the drop move upward with the same speed as it was formerly moving is ........$kN/C$.

Two identical small spheres carry charges of $Q_1$ and $Q_2$ with $Q_1 >> Q_2$. The charges are $d$ distance apart. The force they exert on one another is $F_1$. The spheres are made to touch one another and then separated to distance $d$ apart. The force they exert on one another now is $F_2$. Then $F_1/F_2$ is

As shown in the figure,a point charge $q_{1} = +1 \times 10^{-8} \ C$ is placed at the origin in the $x-y$ plane and another point charge $q_{2} = +3 \times 10^{-6} \ C$ is placed at the coordinate $(10, 0)$. In that case,which of the following graph$(s)$ shows most correctly the electric field vector $E_{x}$ in the $x$-direction?

The diagram shows three infinitely long uniform line charges placed on the $X, Y$ and $Z$ axes with linear charge densities $2\lambda, 3\lambda$ and $\lambda$ respectively. The work done by an external agent in moving a unit positive charge from $(1, 1, 1)$ to $(0, 1, 1)$ is equal to: