Two coils $C_{1}$ and $C_{2}$ are wrapped around a non-conducting cylinder. Coil $C_{1}$ is connected to a battery and a key $K$,and coil $C_{2}$ is connected to a galvanometer $G$. On pressing the key $K$,current starts flowing in the coil $C_{1}$. State your observations in the galvanometer for the following cases:
$(i)$ When key $K$ is pressed on.
$(ii)$ When current in the coil $C_{1}$ is switched off.
$(iii)$ When the current is passed continuously through coil $C_{1}$.
$(iv)$ Name and state the phenomenon responsible for the above observation. Write the name of the rule that is used to determine the direction of the induced current.

(N/A) $(i)$ The galvanometer will show a momentary deflection towards one side because the magnetic flux linked with coil $C_{2}$ changes as the current in $C_{1}$ increases from zero to a steady value.
$(ii)$ The galvanometer will show a momentary deflection in the direction opposite to the previous one because the magnetic flux linked with coil $C_{2}$ decreases as the current in $C_{1}$ drops to zero.
$(iii)$ The galvanometer will not show any deflection because the current in $C_{1}$ is steady,meaning the magnetic flux linked with $C_{2}$ remains constant.
$(iv)$ The phenomenon is electromagnetic induction. It is the process by which a changing magnetic field in one conductor induces an electromotive force $(EMF)$ and a current in another conductor placed near it. Fleming's right-hand rule is used to determine the direction of the induced current.