Total number of vacant orbitals in the valenc | vedclass

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(B) The atomic number of sulphur $(S)$ is $16$. Its ground state electronic configuration is $[Ne] 3s^2 3p^4 3d^0$. In the formation of $SF_4$,sulphur

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$4$

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(B) The atomic number of sulphur $(S)$ is $16$. Its ground state electronic configuration is $[Ne] 3s^2 3p^4 3d^0$. In the formation of $SF_4$,sulphur undergoes $sp^3d$ hybridization. To form $4$ bonds with fluorine atoms,sulphur needs $4$ unpaired electrons. One electron from the $3p_z$ orbital is excited to the $3d_{z^2}$ orbital. The excited state configuration becomes $[Ne] 3s^2 3p^3 3d^1$. In $sp^3d$ hybridization,one $3s$,three $3p$,and one $3d$ orbital participate. The valence shell of sulphur has $3s, 3p,$ and $3d$ orbitals. Total orbitals in the valence shell are $1 (3s) + 3 (3p) + 5 (3d) = 9$ orbitals. After hybridization,$5$ orbitals are used for bonding ($4$ for $S-F$ bonds and $1$ for the lone pair). The remaining orbitals in the valence shell are $9 - 5 = 4$ vacant $3d$ orbitals.

Total number of vacant orbitals in the valence shell of sulphur when it undergoes the formation of $SF_4$.

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