Total internal reflection is possible when light rays travel:

$A$ ray of light from a denser medium strikes a rarer medium. The angle of reflection is $r$ and that of refraction is $r'$. The reflected and refracted rays make an angle of $90^{\circ}$ with each other. The critical angle will be:

$A$ ray of light travelling in water is incident on its surface open to air. The angle of incidence is $\theta$,which is less than the critical angle. Then there will be

$(a)$ Figure shows a cross-section of a 'light pipe' made of a glass fibre of refractive index $1.68$. The outer covering of the pipe is made of a material of refractive index $1.44$. What is the range of the angles of the incident rays with the axis of the pipe for which total internal reflections inside the pipe take place,as shown in the figure.
$(b)$ What is the answer if there is no outer covering of the pipe?

In the figure,the optical fiber is $L = 2\,m$ long and has a diameter of $d = 20\,\mu m$. If a ray of light is incident on one end of the fiber at an angle $\theta_1 = 40^\circ$,the number of reflections it makes before emerging from the other end is close to:

$A$ ray of light originates from inside a glass slab and is incident on its inner surface at an angle $\theta$ as shown below. In this experiment,the location $x$ of the spot where the ray hits the screen is recorded. Which of the following correctly shows the plot of variation of $x$ with the angle $\theta$?