The total charge enclosed in an incremental volume of $2 \times 10^{-9} \, m^{3}$ located at the origin is ...... $nC$,if the electric flux density of its field is given by $\vec{D} = e^{-x} \sin y \hat{i} - e^{-x} \cos y \hat{j} + 2z \hat{k} \, C/m^{2}$.

The electric field in a region is radially outward and at a point is given by $E = 250 r \, V/m$ (where $r$ is the distance of the point from the origin). Calculate the charge contained in a sphere of radius $20 \, cm$ centered at the origin in Coulombs $(C)$.

Two infinitely long parallel wires having linear charge densities $\lambda_1$ and $\lambda_2$ respectively are placed at a distance of $R$ meters. The force per unit length on either wire will be $(K = \frac{1}{4\pi\varepsilon_0})$.

$15$ charges,each of value $q$,are placed on the $X$-axis at an equal distance of $0.5R$. The electric flux associated with a spherical closed surface of radius $1.5R$,which has one of the charges at its center,is:

$A$ hollow metal sphere of radius $R$ is uniformly charged. The electric field due to the sphere at a distance $r$ from the centre is:

$(a)$ Show that the normal component of the electrostatic field has a discontinuity from one side of a charged surface to another given by $(E_2 - E_1) \cdot \hat{n} = \frac{\sigma}{\varepsilon_0}$, where $\hat{n}$ is a unit vector normal to the surface at a point and $\sigma$ is the surface charge density at that point. (The direction of $\hat{n}$ is from side $1$ to side $2$.) Hence, show that just outside a conductor, the electric field is $\frac{\sigma \hat{n}}{\varepsilon_0}$. $(b)$ Show that the tangential component of the electrostatic field is continuous from one side of a charged surface to another.