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(C) $1$. The reaction of aniline with acetic anhydride leads to the formation of $N$-phenylacetamide (acetanilide) as product $X$. This step protects

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

$X$ = $N$-phenylacetamide,$Y$ = p-nitro-$N$-phenylacetamide,$Z$ = p-nitroaniline (as shown in option $C$)

Vedclass · Answer

(C) $1$. The reaction of aniline with acetic anhydride leads to the formation of $N$-phenylacetamide (acetanilide) as product $X$. This step protects the amino group.$2$. $N$-phenylacetamide undergoes electrophilic aromatic substitution (nitration) with a mixture of concentrated $HNO_3$ and concentrated $H_2SO_4$ at $15^{\circ}C$. The acetamido group $(-NHCOCH_3)$ is ortho/para directing,but due to steric hindrance,the para-isomer is the major product $Y$ ($p$-nitroacetanilide).$3$. Finally,the hydrolysis of $p$-nitroacetanilide with aqueous $NaOH$ removes the acetyl group to yield $p$-nitroaniline as the final product $Z$.

Identify the major products $X$,$Y$,and $Z$ in the following sequence of transformations:

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