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(D) The conductivity of a pure (intrinsic) semiconductor can be increased by the following methods:$1$. Increasing the temperature: As temperature inc

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all of the above

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(D) The conductivity of a pure (intrinsic) semiconductor can be increased by the following methods:$1$. Increasing the temperature: As temperature increases,more covalent bonds break,generating more electron-hole pairs,which increases the charge carrier density.$2$. Doping with trivalent impurities (e.g.,Boron,Aluminum): This creates $p$-type semiconductors,increasing the number of holes.$3$. Doping with pentavalent impurities (e.g.,Phosphorus,Arsenic): This creates $n$-type semiconductors,increasing the number of free electrons.Since all these methods increase the number of charge carriers,the conductivity increases in all cases.

The conductivity of a pure semiconductor can be increased by

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