The anode voltage of a photocell is kept fixed. The wavelength $\lambda$ of the light falling on the cathode is gradually changed. The plate current $I$ of the photocell varies as follows:

Which microscope is used for nanotechnology?

$A$ monochromatic light is incident on a metallic plate having work function $\phi$. An electron,emitted normally to the plate from a point $A$ with maximum kinetic energy,enters a constant magnetic field,perpendicular to the initial velocity of electron. The electron passes through a curve and hits back the plate at a point $B$. The distance between $A$ and $B$ is (Given: The magnitude of charge of an electron is $e$ and mass is $m$,$h$ is Planck's constant,and $c$ is velocity of light. Take the magnetic field exists throughout the path of electron).

Consider the following statements $A$ and $B$ and identify the correct choice in the given answers.
$A$. Tightly bound electrons of target material scatter $X$-ray photon,resulting in the Compton effect.
$B$. Photoelectric effect takes place with free electrons.

When a light source of power $P$ emitting monochromatic light of wavelength $\lambda$ is kept at a distance $r$ from a photosensitive surface of work function $\phi$ and surface area $A$,which of the following is the wrong option?

Answer the following questions:
$(a)$ Quarks inside protons and neutrons are thought to carry fractional charges $[(+2/3)e, (-1/3)e]$. Why do they not show up in Millikan's oil-drop experiment?
$(b)$ What is so special about the combination $e/m$? Why do we not simply talk of $e$ and $m$ separately?
$(c)$ Why should gases be insulators at ordinary pressures and start conducting at very low pressures?
$(d)$ Every metal has a definite work function. Why do all photoelectrons not come out with the same energy if incident radiation is monochromatic? Why is there an energy distribution of photoelectrons?
$(e)$ The energy and momentum of an electron are related to the frequency and wavelength of the associated matter wave by the relations:
$E = h\nu, p = \frac{h}{\lambda}$
But while the value of $\lambda$ is physically significant,the value of $\nu$ (and therefore,the value of the phase speed $\nu\lambda$) has no physical significance. Why?