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(B) $1$. $Turner's$ syndrome is a chromosomal disorder caused by the absence of one $X$ chromosome $(45, XO)$. Affected individuals are females who ar

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Down's syndrome,Turner's syndrome

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(B) $1$. $Turner's$ syndrome is a chromosomal disorder caused by the absence of one $X$ chromosome $(45, XO)$. Affected individuals are females who are sterile and typically short-statured.$2$. $Down's$ syndrome is caused by the presence of an additional copy of chromosome number $21$ ($trisomy$ of $21$). Affected individuals are characterized by short stature,small round head,furrowed tongue,and partially open mouth.$3$. $Klinefelter's$ syndrome is caused by the presence of an additional $X$ chromosome $(47, XXY)$. Affected individuals are males who are tall,not short-statured.$4$. $Phenylketonuria$ is an inborn error of metabolism,not primarily characterized by short stature.Therefore,both $Turner's$ syndrome and $Down's$ syndrome are characterized by short stature.

List-$I$	List-$II$
$A.$ Down's syndrome	$I.$ $11^{th}$ chromosome
$B.$ $\alpha$-Thalassemia	$II.$ $X$ chromosome
$C.$ $\beta$-Thalassemia	$III.$ $21^{st}$ chromosome
$D.$ Klinefelter's syndrome	$IV.$ $16^{th}$ chromosome

The affected individuals are short-statured in disorders like:

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