State a condition under which a bimolecular reaction is kinetically first order reaction.
(N/A) bimolecular reaction becomes a first-order reaction when one of the reactants is present in large excess.
For example,the hydrolysis of ethyl acetate:
$CH_{3}COOC_{2}H_{5} + H_{2}O \rightarrow CH_{3}COOH + C_{2}H_{5}OH$
In this reaction,water is taken in large excess,so its concentration remains effectively constant throughout the reaction.
Thus,the rate law becomes:
$Rate = k[CH_{3}COOC_{2}H_{5}]^{1}[H_{2}O]^{0} = k'[CH_{3}COOC_{2}H_{5}]$
Therefore,the reaction behaves as a first-order reaction,also known as a pseudo-first-order reaction.
For example,the hydrolysis of ethyl acetate:
$CH_{3}COOC_{2}H_{5} + H_{2}O \rightarrow CH_{3}COOH + C_{2}H_{5}OH$
In this reaction,water is taken in large excess,so its concentration remains effectively constant throughout the reaction.
Thus,the rate law becomes:
$Rate = k[CH_{3}COOC_{2}H_{5}]^{1}[H_{2}O]^{0} = k'[CH_{3}COOC_{2}H_{5}]$
Therefore,the reaction behaves as a first-order reaction,also known as a pseudo-first-order reaction.
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Similar Questions
State whether the following statements are true $(T)$ or false $(F)$.
$(a)$ In a pseudo first order reaction,the rate and rate constant are determined with respect to the reactant present in lower concentration.
$(b)$ The hydrolysis of an ester is carried out in the presence of an excess of water in an acidic medium.
$(c)$ The hydrolysis of an ester is a second order reaction.
$(a)$ In a pseudo first order reaction,the rate and rate constant are determined with respect to the reactant present in lower concentration.
$(b)$ The hydrolysis of an ester is carried out in the presence of an excess of water in an acidic medium.
$(c)$ The hydrolysis of an ester is a second order reaction.
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