Select the statement which explains best parasitism.
$(a)$ One organism is benefited, other is affected. Parasitism is an interaction between two species in which one species (parasite) derives benefit while the other species (host) is harmed. For example, ticks and lice (parasites) present on the human body represent this interaction where in the parasites receive benefit (as they derive nourishment by feeding on the blood of humans). On the other hand, these parasites reduce host fitness and cause harm to the human body.
Explain the general information about the population interaction and show the various results shown between them.
What is a keystone species
If $'+'$ sign is assigned to beneficial interaction, $'-'$ sign to detrimental and $'O'$ sign to neutral interaction, then the population interaction represented by $'+'\, '-'$ refers to
Name important defence mechanisms in plants against herbivory.
An orchid plant is growing on the branch of mango tree. How do you describe this interaction between the orchid and the mango tree?