Rate of breathing is controlled by

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(B) Breathing is primarily under nervous control. $A$ 'respiratory centre',located in the medulla oblongata and pons of the brain,regulates normal bre

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Carbon dioxide

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(B) Breathing is primarily under nervous control. $A$ 'respiratory centre',located in the medulla oblongata and pons of the brain,regulates normal breathing. It automatically adjusts the breathing rate based on the chemical composition of the blood,specifically the partial pressure of carbon dioxide $(pCO_2)$ and hydrogen ion concentration. While oxygen $(pO_2)$ levels also play a role,the primary stimulus for the respiratory rhythm centre is the concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood. Therefore,among the given options,carbon dioxide is the key chemical factor that regulates the rate of breathing.

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