Properties common to the elements manganese,i | vedclass

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(B) $1$. Transition metals like $Mn, Fe, Co, Ni,$ and $Cu$ have partially filled $d$-orbitals,which allow for $d-d$ transitions,resulting in the forma

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$I, II$

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(B) $1$. Transition metals like $Mn, Fe, Co, Ni,$ and $Cu$ have partially filled $d$-orbitals,which allow for $d-d$ transitions,resulting in the formation of coloured ions in aqueous solution. Thus,statement $I$ is correct.$2$. These metals are reactive and act as reducing agents. When they react with concentrated nitric acid $(HNO_3)$,they are oxidized,and the nitric acid is reduced to various oxides of nitrogen (such as $NO_2$ or $NO$). Thus,statement $II$ is correct.$3$. While these metals can form chlorides,they do not all readily form both $MCl_2$ and $MCl_3$. For example,$Cu$ primarily forms $CuCl_2$ $(Cu(II))$ and $CuCl$ $(Cu(I))$,but $CuCl_3$ is not a stable common chloride. Therefore,statement $III$ is not common to all these elements. Conclusion: Statements $I$ and $II$ are common to all these elements.

Properties common to the elements manganese,iron,cobalt,nickel,and copper include the ready formation by them all of:
$I$. Coloured ions in aqueous solution
$II$. Oxides of nitrogen are formed on reaction with concentrated $HNO_3$
$III$. Chlorides of formula $MCl_2$ and $MCl_3$

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Properties common to the elements manganese,iron,cobalt,nickel,and copper include the ready formation by them all of:$I$. Coloured ions in aqueous solution$II$. Oxides of nitrogen are formed on reaction with concentrated $HNO_3$$III$. Chlorides of formula $MCl_2$ and $MCl_3$